VOA慢速英语2020 最高法院裁定纽约可以获取特朗普的财务记录，但是众议院不行

The U.S. Supreme¹ Court ruled Thursday that a New York government lawyer can get President Donald Trump²'s financial records. The court also blocked the House of Representatives from getting the documents – for now.

美国最高法院裁定，纽约检察官可以获得特朗普总统的财务记录。该法院还阻止了众议院目前获得这些文件。

Unlike other recent presidents, Trump has not released his financial documents, including tax returns. The forms could provide information on his wealth and the activities of his family company, the Trump Organization.

跟最近的其他几位总统不同，特朗普没有公布他的财务文件，其中包括纳税申报表。这些表格可以提供关于他的财富信息，以及他的家族企业特朗普集团的活动。

The court ruling does not guarantee that the public will be able to see the records.

这项法院裁决并不保证公众能够看到这些记录。

Trump is seeking reelection later this year. On Twitter, the president immediately denounced the ruling as "a political prosecution³."

特朗普正在寻求今年晚些时候获得连任。在推特上，特朗普立即谴责这项裁决是政治迫害。

Trump vs. Vance

特朗普对万斯

One of the cases the Supreme Court ruled on Thursday was Trump versus⁴ Vance. Cyrus R. Vance Jr. is the District Attorney of New York County.

最高法院周四裁定的其中一起案件是特朗普对万斯案。塞勒斯·万斯是纽约郡的地方检查官。

In that ruling, Chief Justice John Roberts wrote that in the U.S. judicial⁵ system, "the public has a right to everyman's evidence." He added, "no citizen, not even the President," could refuse "to produce evidence when called upon in a criminal proceeding⁶."

首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨在这项判决中写道，在美国的司法体系中，公众有权获得所有人的证物。他还表示，“下至百姓，上至总统在刑事诉讼中都不能拒绝出示所要求提供的证物。”

Vance's office started an investigation⁷ into Trump and his business in 2018. Vance was looking into reported payments from Trump and his business to two women. The payments were meant to hide the nature of their relationship with Trump. The reported payments took place during the 2016 presidential campaign process.

万斯办公室于2018年开始对特朗普及其企业展开调查。万斯是在调查特朗普及其企业向两位女性付款的情况。这些付款是为了掩盖她们与特朗普的关系本质。所报告的付款发生在2016年总统竞选期间。

The two women, Stormy Daniels and Karen McDougal, said they had sexual relations with Trump. Trump's personal lawyer at the time, Michael Cohen, confirmed the payments but Trump has denied the relationships.

斯托米·丹尼尔斯和凯伦·麦克道格这两名女性声称她们跟特朗普发生了性关系。特朗普当时的私人律师迈克尔·科恩确认有这些付款，但是特朗普否认了这种关系。

As part of a criminal investigation, Vance asked Trump's accounting⁸ firm Mazars LLP for financial records, including his tax documents. The documents were to be given to a grand jury in New York City.

作为刑事调查的一部分，万斯要求特朗普聘请的玛泽斯会计师事务所提供财务记录，包括他的税务文件。这些文件将交给纽约市的大陪审团。

Trump's lawyers argued that under the U.S. Constitution he cannot be subjected to criminal investigation while serving as president. They noted⁹ a Justice Department guidance that says a sitting president cannot be indicted¹⁰ or prosecuted¹¹.

特朗普的律师辩称，根据美国宪法，总统任职期间不得受到刑事调查。他们指出，司法部的一项指导方针称不能起诉现任总统。

During a lower court hearing, Trump's lawyer claimed that officials could not investigate Trump even if he shot someone on New York's Fifth Avenue.

在下级法院的一场听证会上，特朗普的律师声称，即使特朗普在纽约第五大道上枪杀了某人，官员也无法对其展开调查。

By a 7-2 vote, the Supreme Court ruled that Mazars could be ordered to provide financial records to a grand jury as part of a criminal investigation. Because the grand jury process is secret, Trump's records would not be known to the public.

最高法院以7比2的票数裁定，作为刑事调查的一部分，有关方面可以下令玛泽斯会计师事务所向大陪审团提供财务记录。因为大陪审团程序不公开，因此特朗普的记录并不会为公众所获知。

Vance, a Democrat¹², cheered the Supreme Court's ruling. He said, "This is a tremendous victory for our nation's system of justice and its founding principle that no one - not even a president - is above the law."

民主党人万斯为最高法院的裁决欢呼。他说：“这是我国司法体系的一次巨大胜利，其建立原则是，没有任何人可以凌驾于法律之上，即使贵为总统也不行。”

Trump vs. Mazars

特朗普对玛泽斯会计师事务所

Mazars was also part of the second Supreme Court case. It involved three committees in the Democratic-controlled House of Representatives.

玛泽斯会计师事务所也是最高法院第二起案件的其中一方。该案件涉及了民主党控制的众议院下的三家委员会。

The committees asked Mazars and two bankers, Deutsche Bank and Capital One, to provide financial information from the president, his family and his related businesses.

这些委员会要求玛泽斯会计师事务所，以及德意志银行和第一资本这两家银行提供总统、总统家人及其相关企业的财务信息。

The House committees argued they have the power under the Constitution to issue subpoenas¹⁴ to help it in carrying out legislative¹⁵ responsibilities.

这些众议院委员会认为，根据美国宪法，他们有权发出传票以助其履行立法职责。

The president's lawyers argued that the House's request was not for legislative reasons. They said the aim was to uncover personal information on the president and his family. And they questioned whether the subpoenas were outside the House's Constitutional powers.

特朗普的律师辩称，众议院的要求并非出于立法原因。他们表示，这样做的目的是揭露总统及其家人的个人信息。他们质疑这张传票是否超出了众议院的宪法权力。

By the same 7-2 vote, the court chose not to rule on the House's subpoena¹³ powers. That sends the dispute over Trump's financial information back to lower courts.

同样是7对2票，法院裁定不支持众议院的传票权。这将有关特朗普财务信息的争端打回了下级法院。

Writing for the majority, Chief Justice Roberts wrote, "Congressional subpoenas for the President's personal information implicate¹⁶ weighty concerns regarding the separation of powers. Neither side, however, identifies an approach that accounts for these concerns."

首席法官罗伯茨为多数派写道：“国会对总统个人信息发出的传票牵扯到对三权分立的重大关切。但是双方都没有找到解决这些关切的办法。”

After the rulings, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said, "I hear he's tweeting one thing, and other people are saying another. But whatever it is, it's not good news for the president of the United States."

众议院议长南希·佩罗西在裁决公布之后表示：“我看到他发的推特跟别人说的不一样。但是无论如何，这对美国总统来说不是个好消息。”

The Democratic leader said in a statement that the House would continue "to uncover the truth" and "press our case in the lower courts."

这位民主党领导人在声明中表示，众议院将继续揭露真相，并在下级法院坚持我们这起案子。

I'm Ashley Thompson.

我是阿什利·汤普森。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 prosecution   

n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营

参考例句：

• The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。
• He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。

4 versus   

prep.以…为对手，对；与…相比之下

参考例句：

• The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
• The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。

5 judicial   

adj.司法的，法庭的，审判的，明断的，公正的

参考例句：

• He is a man with a judicial mind.他是个公正的人。
• Tom takes judicial proceedings against his father.汤姆对他的父亲正式提出诉讼。

6 proceeding   

n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报

参考例句：

• This train is now proceeding from Paris to London.这次列车从巴黎开往伦敦。
• The work is proceeding briskly.工作很有生气地进展着。

7 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

8 accounting   

n.会计，会计学，借贷对照表

参考例句：

• A job fell vacant in the accounting department.财会部出现了一个空缺。
• There's an accounting error in this entry.这笔账目里有差错。

9 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

10 indicted   

控告，起诉( indict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The senator was indicted for murder. 那位参议员被控犯谋杀罪。
• He was indicted by a grand jury on two counts of murder. 他被大陪审团以两项谋杀罪名起诉。

11 prosecuted   

a.被起诉的

参考例句：

• The editors are being prosecuted for obscenity. 编辑因刊载污秽文字而被起诉。
• The company was prosecuted for breaching the Health and Safety Act. 这家公司被控违反《卫生安全条例》。

12 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

13 subpoena   

n.（法律）传票；v.传讯

参考例句：

• He was brought up to court with a subpoena.他接到传讯，来到法庭上。
• Select committees have the power to subpoena witnesses.特别委员会有权传唤证人。

14 subpoenas   

n.（传唤出庭的）传票( subpoena的名词复数 )v.（用传票）传唤（某人）( subpoena的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• My company has complied with committee subpoenas by supplying documents confirming all that I have said. 本公司按照委员会的要求，提供了能够证实我刚才发言的文件。 来自辞典例句
• Congressional Investigations: Subpoenas and Contempt Power. Report for Congress April 2, 2003. 金灿荣：《美国国会的监督功能》，载《教学与研究》2003年第2期。 来自互联网

15 legislative   

n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的

参考例句：

• Congress is the legislative branch of the U.S. government.国会是美国政府的立法部门。
• Today's hearing was just the first step in the legislative process.今天的听证会只是展开立法程序的第一步。

16 implicate   

vt.使牵连其中，涉嫌

参考例句：

• He didn't find anything in the notebooks to implicate Stu.他在笔记本中没发现任何涉及斯图的东西。
• I do not want to implicate you in my problem of the job.我工作上的问题不想把你也牵扯进来。