VOA慢速英语2021 《韦氏词典》新增455个词汇

So, do you think learning all 1,500 words in the VOA Learning English Word Book is hard?

那么，你认为学习VOA慢速英语词汇手册中的1500个单词很难吗？

We have got news for you.

我们有消息要告诉你。

American publisher Merriam-Webster announced it has added 455 new words to its dictionary for October 2021.

美国出版商梅里亚姆-韦伯斯特公司（Merriam-Webster）宣布，它已在其2021年10月的词典中增加了455个新词。

The publisher said, "Just as the language never stops evolving, the dictionary never stops expanding."

该出版商说：“就像语言永远不会停止演变一样，词典也永远不会停止扩充。”

The 455 new words came from what the publisher called "extensive and established use."

这455个新词来自该出版商所说的“被广泛使用和确定使用”的单词。

Merriam-Webster said the quick and informal nature of messaging, texting and tweeting online has increased during the pandemic.

梅里亚姆-韦伯斯特公司表示，在疫情期间，在线信息、短信和推特的传播更加快速且更加非正式化。

That, in turn, has given rise to a vocabulary filled with shortened forms of words and expressions.

这样反而催生了一个满是单词和短语的缩写形式的词汇表。

Listen to the conversation below to hear some of these new words in use:

听下面的对话，了解一些正在被人们所使用的新词：

Our social media professional just asked me what FTW is.

我们的社交媒体专家刚刚问我FTW是什么。

TBH, an expert in social media should really know the meaning of FTW, amirite?

老实说，一个社交媒体专家真的应该知道FTW是什么意思，对吧？

FTW is an abbreviation for "for the win."

FTW是“for the win”的缩写。

It is often used to express approval or support on social media.

它经常被用来在社交媒体上表达赞同或支持。

TBH is short for "to be honest."

TBH是“to be honest”的缩写。

And the word amirite is a shortened way to spell "am I right?"

amirite是“am I right”拼写的缩写形式。

The COVID-19 pandemic that started in early 2020 gave us terms like contact tracing, flattening¹ the curve, and social distancing.

始于2020年初的新冠疫情带给我们“接触者追踪”、“曲线平缓”和“社交隔离”等术语。

Even with record-setting vaccination² programs, we know the pandemic is still not over.

即使有创纪录的疫苗接种计划，我们也知道疫情仍未结束。

And new pandemic-related words have been added to our daily vocabulary.

我们的日常词汇中已经增加了与疫情相关的新词。

Here are some of those phrases that Merriam-Webster has added to its dictionary:

以下是《韦氏词典》收录的一些短语：

breakthrough is often used to describe an infection occurring in someone who is fully³ vaccinated⁴ against an infectious disease like COVID-19

“突破性感染”经常用来指人们在完成新冠肺炎等传染病的疫苗接种后的感染。

super-spreader is an event or place at which a large number of people contract the same communicable disease

“超级传播事件或地点”是指大量人感染相同传染病的事件或地点。

long COVID is a condition that is marked by the presence of symptoms such as headache and shortness of breath that continue for weeks or months following a person's recovery from COVID-19

“新冠长期后遗症”是一种以出现头痛和呼吸急促等症状为特征的情况，这些症状会在新冠肺炎确诊患者康复后持续数周或数月。

And a vaccine⁵ passport is now required to enter many countries and places.

现在进入很多国家和地区都需要“疫苗护照”。

This is a document providing proof of vaccination against infectious diseases, such as COVID-19.

这是一份证明文件，证明已接种了传染病（如新冠肺炎）疫苗。

Digital technology has helped many of us continue with our daily lives during the pandemic.

在疫情期间，数字技术帮助我们许多人继续自己的日常生活。

The use of technology has led to new ways to describe technology-related risks.

数字技术的使用带来了描述与技术相关的风险的新方法。

When digital information in an image or audio recording⁶ cannot be read, it is called a bit rot.

位衰减是指录制的图像或音频中的数字信息无法读取。

And zero-day is a term to describe weakness in computer systems that cybercriminals discover.

“零日漏洞”是指网络犯罪分子发现的计算机系统中的弱点。

From political events, we have whataboutism.

由政治事件，我们有了“那又怎么说主义”。

This is "the act or practice of responding to an accusation⁷ of wrongdoing by claiming that an offense⁸ committed by another is similar or worse."

这种行为或做法是“通过声称另一者犯下的罪过与之相似或更糟来回应对其不当行为的指控。”

And vote-a-rama describes the unusually large number of debates and votes that happen in one day in the United States Congress.

“连续投票”指的是美国国会一天内进行的数量异常之多的辩论和投票。

Other new words come from foods and drinks.

其他新词来自食物和饮料。

One such word is fluffernutter.

其中一个词就是“棉花糖酱配花生酱三明治”。

This is a sandwich made with peanut butter and marshmallow between two pieces of white bread.

这是一种在两片白面包之间涂抹花生酱和棉花糖酱的三明治。

Another is horchata--a cold drink made from ground rice or almonds, with spices like cinnamon or vanilla⁹.

另一个词是“欧洽塔”——一种由米粉或杏仁粉制成的冷饮，里面还加有肉桂或香草等香料。

Eating too many fluffernutters could give you a bit of a dad bod.

吃太多棉花糖酱配花生酱三明治可能会让你有点“老爹肚”。

The dictionary publisher describes a dad bod as the body of an average father, especially, it says, "one that is slightly overweight and not extremely muscular."

《韦氏词典》形容“老爹肚”是普通父亲的身体，它尤其指的是“稍微超重，肌肉不是非常发达的父亲。”

In today's program, we have only had time to tell you about 16 of the 455 new words from Merriam-Webster.

在今天的节目中，我们只有时间告诉你们《韦氏词典》新收录的455个词中的16个。

And this is not even the first time this year it has added hundreds of new words.

这甚至不是它今年第一次新增数百个词了。

Last January, the dictionary publisher added 520 new words.

上一次《韦氏词典》新增520个新词是在一月份。

That is a lot of new vocabulary for you to study.

你要学的新词汇有很多。

I'm Ashley Thompson.

阿什利·汤普森为您播报。

1 flattening   

n. 修平 动词flatten的现在分词

参考例句：

• Flattening of the right atrial border is also seen in constrictive pericarditis. 右心房缘变平亦见于缩窄性心包炎。
• He busied his fingers with flattening the leaves of the book. 他手指忙着抚平书页。

2 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

3 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

4 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

5 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

6 recording   

n.录音，记录

参考例句：

• How long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间？
• I want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。

7 accusation   

n.控告，指责，谴责

参考例句：

• I was furious at his making such an accusation.我对他的这种责备非常气愤。
• She knew that no one would believe her accusation.她知道没人会相信她的指控。

8 offense   

n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，得罪

参考例句：

• I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪。
• His words gave great offense to everybody present.他的发言冲犯了在场的所有人。

9 vanilla   

n.香子兰，香草

参考例句：

• He used to love milk flavoured with vanilla.他过去常爱喝带香草味的牛奶。
• I added a dollop of vanilla ice-cream to the pie.我在馅饼里加了一块香草冰激凌。