VOA慢速英语2021 FDA全面批准辉瑞新冠疫苗

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Monday gave full approval for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine¹.

周一，美国食品药品监督管理局（简称FDA）全面批准了辉瑞和德国生物新技术公司联合研发的新冠疫苗。

The action may help raise public trust in the vaccine as the country and the world battle the fast-spreading Delta² variant³ of the coronavirus.

在美国和全世界抗击快速传播的新冠病毒变种“德尔塔”之际，这一行动可能有助于提高公众对疫苗的信任。

Acting⁴ FDA Commissioner⁵ Janet Woodcock said in a statement:

美国食品药品监督管理局代理局长珍妮特·伍德考克在声明中表示，

"...as the first FDA-approved COVID-19 vaccine,

“作为美国食品药品监督管理局批准的首个新冠疫苗，

the public can be very confident that this vaccine meets the high standards for safety, effectiveness, and manufacturing quality the FDA requires of an approved product."

公众可以非常有信心，该疫苗在安全性、有效性和制造质量方面都符合美国食品药品监督管理局对批准产品的高标准。”

The vaccine, made by Pfizer and its German partner BioNTech, was the first shot to be approved for emergency use by the FDA last December.

这款疫苗由辉瑞及其德国合作伙伴德国生物新技术公司联合生产，是去年12月获得美国食品药品监督管理局紧急使用授权的首个疫苗。

The FDA has also approved vaccines⁶ from Moderna and Johnson & Johnson for emergency use.

美国食品药品监督管理局还批准了莫德纳和强生公司的疫苗用于紧急使用。

The FDA based its latest decision on a study of 40,000 volunteers 16 years and older.

美国食品药品监督管理局的最新决定基于对4万名16岁及以上志愿者的研究。

It said, "the vaccine was 91 percent effective in preventing COVID-19 disease."

美国食品药品监督管理局表示，“该疫苗在预防新冠肺炎方面的有效率为91%。”

The agency also noted⁷ the shot "is effective in preventing COVID-19 and potentially serious outcomes including hospitalization and death."

该机构还指出，这款疫苗“能有效预防新冠肺炎及该疾病导致的住院和死亡等严重后果。”

The full approval came as governments, schools and businesses around the United States are considering requiring vaccinations⁹ for employees, students and others.

在全面批准之际，美国各地的政府、学校和企业正在考虑要求员工、学生和其他人接种疫苗。

Last month, U.S. President Joe Biden announced

上个月，美国总统乔·拜登宣布，

that federal employees and those who work with the federal government are required to show proof of vaccination⁸ or have regular testing.

联邦雇员和联邦政府工作人员必须出示疫苗接种证明或进行定期检测。

Members of the U.S. military will be required to be vaccinated¹⁰ against COVID-19 beginning next month.

美军被要求从下个月开始接种新冠疫苗。

Also on Monday, New York City announced it is requiring all public school teachers and workers in the nation's largest school system to be vaccinated.

同样在周一，纽约市宣布将要求全国最大学校系统的所有公立学校教师和工作人员接种疫苗。

Dr. Carlos del Rio is with Emory University in the state of Georgia.

卡洛斯·德尔里奥博士任职于佐治亚州埃默里大学。

He told The Associated Press, "I think a lot of businesses have been waiting for" the full approval from the FDA.

他对美联社工费，“我认为很多企业一直在等待”美国食品药品监督管理局的全面批准。

He noted that requiring people to get the shots "becomes much easier when you have full approval."

他指出，要求人们接种疫苗“在获得完全批准后会变得容易得多。”

An AP-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research study released this week

AP-NORC公共事务研究中心本周发布的一项研究发现，

found that a majority of Americans, up to 59 percent, support a vaccine requirement for teachers and students.

大多数美国人（高达59%）支持教师和学生接种疫苗。

Democrats¹¹ and Republicans in the U.S. have differing opinions about vaccine requirements in schools.

美国民主党人和共和党人对学校的疫苗要求有不同看法。

Only 38 percent of those who identified as Republican support a vaccine mandate¹² for teachers.

只有38%的共和党人支持强制教师接种疫苗。

By comparison, 81 percent of self-identified Democrats support such a requirement.

相比之下，81%的自称民主党人支持这一要求。

The Kaiser Family Foundation reported earlier this month that most unvaccinated adults in the country do not believe vaccines are effective.

美国凯撒家庭基金会本月早些时候报告称，美国大多数未接种疫苗的成年人不相信疫苗有效。

Some even see the shots as a greater health risk than the actual disease.

有些人甚至认为注射疫苗的健康风险比实际疾病更大。

FDA chief Woodcock noted: "While millions of people have already safely received COVID-19 vaccines,

美国食品药品监督管理局代理局长伍德考克指出，“虽然数百万人已安全接种新冠肺炎，

we recognize that for some, the FDA approval of a vaccine may now instill additional confidence to get vaccinated."

但我们认识到，对一些人来说，美国食品药品监督管理局批准疫苗可能会给疫苗接种带来更多的信心。”

The FDA said the vaccine continues to be available under emergency use for young people between the ages of 12 and 15.

美国食品药品监督管理局表示，该疫苗在紧急情况下仍可用于12至15岁的年轻人。

The agency has also advised a third shot, known as a booster, for those with a weakened immune system.

该机构还建议为免疫系统较弱的患者注射第三剂疫苗，即“加强针”。

But the Biden administration announced last week it plans to provide the third shot to all Americans.

但拜登政府上周宣布，计划向所有美国人提供第三针疫苗。

Israel has one of the world's highest vaccination rates using the Pfizer-BioNTech shots.

在世界上使用辉瑞和德国生物新技术公司联合研发的疫苗的国家中，以色列是接种率最高的。

In early July, it became the first country to give coronavirus boosters to people with weakened immune systems.

7月初，该国成为首个向免疫系统低下人群提供新冠疫苗加强针的国家。

Israel's Prime Minister Naftali Bennett then announced that the country would offer the booster to all people over 60.

以色列总理纳夫塔利·贝内特随后宣布，该国将向所有60岁以上人群提供加强针。

Israel's Ministry¹³ of Health reported on Sunday that the third shot of Pfizer has greatly improved protection from infection and serious illness among Israelis aged¹⁴ 60 and over.

以色列卫生部周日报告称，辉瑞疫苗加强针极大地提高了60岁及以上以色列人预防感染和严重疾病的能力。

However, health officials with the World Health Organization (WHO) have asked wealthier and more highly vaccinated countries to delay offering booster shots.

然而，世界卫生组织（简称WHO）的卫生官员要求更富裕、接种率更高的国家推迟提供加强针。

They said it would be better to give more shots to unvaccinated people in developing countries.

他们表示，最好给发展中国家未接种疫苗的人注射更多疫苗。

WHO chief Dr. Tedros Adhanom Gebreyesus said,

世卫组织总干事特德罗斯·阿达诺姆·盖布雷耶苏斯博士表示，

"We cannot accept countries that have already used most of the global supply of vaccines using even more of it, while the world's most vulnerable people remain unprotected."

“我们不能接受已使用全球大部分疫苗供应的国家使用更多的疫苗，而世界上最脆弱的人群仍然没有得到保护。”

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 delta   

n.（流的）角洲

参考例句：

• He has been to the delta of the Nile.他曾去过尼罗河三角洲。
• The Nile divides at its mouth and forms a delta.尼罗河在河口分岔，形成了一个三角洲。

3 variant   

adj.不同的，变异的；n.变体，异体

参考例句：

• We give professional suggestions according to variant tanning stages for each customer.我们针对每位顾客不同的日晒阶段，提供强度适合的晒黑建议。
• In a variant of this approach,the tests are data- driven.这个方法的一个变种，是数据驱动的测试。

4 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

5 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

6 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

7 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

8 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

9 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

11 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

13 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

14 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。