VOA新闻杂志2022 俄罗斯计划在乌克兰附近举行核力量演习

The Russian military has announced major training exercises of its nuclear forces while tensions with Ukraine remain high.

俄罗斯军方宣布举行大型核力量演习，同时俄罗斯与乌克兰之间的紧张局势仍然居高不下。

The move Friday might aim to show the country's position as a nuclear power. The United States and NATO allies are concerned that Russia plans to invade its neighbor Ukraine.

周五的这一举动可能旨在展示该国的核大国地位。美国和北约盟国担心俄罗斯计划入侵其邻国乌克兰。

Russian President Vladimir Putin will personally oversee¹ Saturday's exercise. There will be several practice launches of intercontinental ballistic missiles and cruise missiles, the Defense² Ministry³ said.

俄罗斯总统普京将亲自监督周六的演习。俄罗斯国防部表示将进行多次的洲际弹道导弹和巡航导弹的演习发射。

Government spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Putin would observe the drills from the Defense Ministry's situation room. Putin plans to supervise the missile launches himself.

俄罗斯政府发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫表示，普京将在国防部战情室观摩这次演习。普京计划亲自指导导弹发射。

The ministry said it planned the exercises earlier to test the readiness of Russia's military command and personnel. It is also a test of nuclear and non-nuclear weapons.

俄罗斯国防部表示，它早些时候计划了这次演习，以检验俄罗斯军事指挥部门和人员的备战情况。同时这也是对核武器和非核武器的一次检验。

The war games follow U.S. President Joe Biden's warning on Thursday that Russia might invade Ukraine within days.

在此次演习之前，美国总统拜登于周四警告称，俄罗斯可能会在数日内入侵乌克兰。

United States and European officials are concerned about an estimated 150,000 Russian troops gathered near Ukraine's border. Russian officials say they have no plans to invade. The troops near Ukraine make up more than half of Russia's ground forces.

美国和欧洲官员对大约15万俄罗斯军队集结在乌克兰边境附近感到担忧。俄罗斯官员表示，他们没有入侵的计划。乌克兰附近的部队占到了俄罗斯地面部队的半数以上。

Russia has demanded that the U.S. and its allies keep Ukraine and other former-Soviet areas out of NATO. Other demands are that the U.S. not deploy⁴ weapons in Ukraine and that NATO alliance forces pull back from Eastern Europe. The U.S. and its allies have rejected the Russian demands. Russia has threatened to take unnamed "military-technical measures" if the West continued to refuse.

俄罗斯要求美国及其盟国将乌克兰和其它前苏联地区排除在北约之外。还要求美国不要在乌克兰部署武器，以及北约联军从东欧撤军。美国及其盟国拒绝了俄罗斯的要求。俄罗斯威胁，如果西方继续拒绝，该国将采取未知的“军事技术措施”。

Russia holds large exercises of its nuclear forces every year. But, observers say it is important that the activities planned for Saturday involve the Black Sea Fleet. That group of Russian warships⁵ is based on the Crimean Peninsula, which Russia captured from Ukraine in 2014.

俄罗斯每年都会举行大规模的核力量演习。但是观察人士表示，重要的是，计划于周六举行的演习涉及黑海舰队。这批俄罗斯军舰以克里米亚半岛为基地，俄罗斯于2014年从乌克兰手中夺取了克里米亚半岛。

The Black Sea Fleet has surface warships and submarines equipped with Kalibr cruise missiles, but it does not have intercontinental ballistic missiles. The fleet did not take part in similar, earlier drills of the country's forces.

黑海舰队拥有装备神剑巡航导弹的水面战舰和潜艇，但是没有装备洲际弹道导弹。该舰队没有参加过该国军队此前类似的演习。

Exercises usually in the fall

通常在秋季演习

In the past, Russia held the yearly exercises in the fall. U.S. officials are concerned that Russia moved the exercise to February to happen at the same time as a possible invasion of Ukraine.

俄罗斯过去每年都会在秋季举行演习。美国官员担心，俄罗斯将演习推迟到2月进行，与可能入侵乌克兰的时间重合。

Peskov said Russia told its foreign partners about the exercises, adding that they should not cause worries. "Practice launches of ballistic missiles are part of regular training," he said.

佩斯科夫表示，俄罗斯向外国伙伴通报了这次演习，并补充说他们不应该引起担忧。他说：“弹道导弹发射演习是常规训练的一部分。”

Putin invited Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko to watch Saturday's activities. Lukashenko's government is allied⁶ with Russia. Western countries placed strong restrictions⁷ on Belarus for its campaign against political protests. Lukashenko offered to permit Russia to keep nuclear weapons in Belarus, just north of Ukraine.

普京邀请白俄罗斯总统亚历山大·卢卡申科观摩周六的演习。卢卡申科政府与俄罗斯结盟。西方国家对白俄罗斯打击政治抗议活动施加了严厉限制。卢卡申科提出允许俄罗斯在乌克兰北部的白俄罗斯境内保留核武器。

The activity involving Russia's nuclear forces follows a series of exercises the Russian military held near Ukraine and in Belarus.

在此次涉及俄罗斯核力量的活动之前，俄罗斯军方在乌克兰附近以及白俄罗境内举行了一系列演习。

The Russian military said it started returning some of its troops gathered near Ukraine to their permanent bases after the drills. The U.S. and its allies have questioned that claim and said Russia has actually moved thousands of additional troops closer to Ukraine.

俄罗斯军方表示，演习结束之后，在乌克兰附近集结的部队返回了其永久基地。美国及其盟国对这一说法提出了质疑，并表示俄罗斯实际上已经将数千名新增士兵转移至乌克兰附近。

Russia said the movements take time, adding that it would deploy troops wherever necessary to ensure its national security.

俄罗斯表示，这些行动需要时间，并补充说它将在必要时刻部署军队以确保其国家安全。

1 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

2 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

3 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

4 deploy   

v.（军）散开成战斗队形，布置，展开

参考例句：

• The infantry began to deploy at dawn.步兵黎明时开始进入战斗位置。
• The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops.总统称并不打算部署地面部队。

5 warships   

军舰，战舰( warship的名词复数 )； 舰只

参考例句：

• The enemy warships were disengaged from the battle after suffering heavy casualties. 在遭受惨重伤亡后，敌舰退出了海战。
• The government fitted out warships and sailors for them. 政府给他们配备了战舰和水手。

6 allied   

adj.协约国的；同盟国的

参考例句：

• Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.历史上英国曾多次与美国结盟。
• Allied forces sustained heavy losses in the first few weeks of the campaign.同盟国在最初几周内遭受了巨大的损失。

7 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制