VOA新闻杂志2022--塔利班允许女孩参加高中毕业考试

Taliban Permits Girls to Take High School Graduation Exams

Afghanistan's Taliban-led government says it will permit girls to take their high school graduation exams this week.

The move came although the Taliban earlier banned girls from attending middle and high school.

The Associated Press reported the decision was communicated in documents written by Afghanistan's Ministry¹ of Education.

Two documents seen by the AP suggested the exams would be given in 31 of the country's 34 provinces, where the winter school break starts in late December. The three excluded provinces – Kandahar, Helmand and Nimroz – have a different plan for the school year and graduation exams there usually take place later.

Ehsanullah Kitab is head of the education department in the capital, Kabul. He told the AP the exams would take place on Wednesday. But he provided no additional details and it was not clear how many teenage girls would be able to take the exam.

One document, from Kabul's education department, said the exams would last from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m.

One 18-year-old girl criticized the Taliban's offering. The girl, who only identified her first name, Najela, told the AP she would now be in 12th grade and eligible² for the exam. But, she said she had spent the whole year out of school facing "tension and stress."

"How can we possibly take an exam after a year and a half that the Taliban have kept school doors closed," she added.

The Taliban took over Afghanistan in August 2021 as American and NATO forces were in the final weeks of their pullout from the country after 20 years of war. At first, Taliban leaders promised a moderate form of government rule and to respect women's and minority rights. But since taking over the country, the Taliban has widely restricted rights and freedoms and put in place their extreme version of Islamic law, known as Sharia law.

The Taliban has banned girls from middle school and high school and restricted women from most employment. It has also ordered women to wear clothing that fully³ covers their bodies in public. Women have also been banned from parks, exercise places called gyms, and some public events.

However, women have not been restricted from attending universities. The latest decision is believed to be a way for Afghan girls, who receive a high school diploma after Wednesday's exam, to be able to register to attend universities.

A Kabul high school official told the AP she was informed that 12th grade girls will have just one day to take exams in 14 subjects, with 10 questions from each subject. The official did not provide her name because of a fear of possible government reprisals⁵.

She said most girl students lacked textbooks. "Giving an exam is meaningless," she added.

Students and their female teachers will all have to wear the hijab, the traditional Islamic head covering, under existing Taliban rules for women. Smartphones will be banned during the exam. Girls who cannot attend or who fail Wednesday's exam would be permitted to retake it in mid-March, after the winter break.

The Taliban treatment of women and girls in Afghanistan has come under heavy criticism. Earlier this month, a team of United Nations experts said it may amount to a crime against humanity. The U.N. has called for the issue to be investigated and prosecuted⁷ under international law.

Words in This Story

eligible – adj. able to do something because you have met the necessary requirements

stress – n. feelings of worry caused by difficult situations such as problems at work

diploma – n. an official document showing that someone has completed a course of study

reprisal⁴ – n. something violent or unpleasant done to punish an enemy for something they have done

prosecute⁶ – v. to officially accuse someone of a crime in a court of law

1 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

2 eligible   

adj.有条件被选中的；(尤指婚姻等)合适(意)的

参考例句：

• He is an eligible young man.他是一个合格的年轻人。
• Helen married an eligible bachelor.海伦嫁给了一个中意的单身汉。

3 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

4 reprisal   

n.报复，报仇，报复性劫掠

参考例句：

• There is no political alternative but a big reprisal.政治上没有旁的选择只能是大规模报复。
• They bombed civilian targets in reprisal.他们炮轰平民目标作为报复。

5 reprisals   

n.报复（行为）( reprisal的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They did not want to give evidence for fear of reprisals. 他们因为害怕报复而不想作证。
• They took bloody reprisals against the leaders. 他们对领导进行了血腥的报复。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 prosecute   

vt.告发；进行；vi.告发，起诉，作检察官

参考例句：

• I am trying my best to prosecute my duties.我正在尽力履行我的职责。
• Is there enough evidence to prosecute?有没有起诉的足够证据？

7 prosecuted   

a.被起诉的

参考例句：

• The editors are being prosecuted for obscenity. 编辑因刊载污秽文字而被起诉。
• The company was prosecuted for breaching the Health and Safety Act. 这家公司被控违反《卫生安全条例》。