VOA健康报道2022 美国男子接受猪心脏移植手术

American doctors say they have successfully transplanted a pig heart into a human patient.

美国医生表示，他们已成功地将一颗猪的心脏移植到一名人类患者体内。

It is the first such operation of its kind.

这是第一例此类手术。

A medical team at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore performed the operation.

巴尔的摩马里兰大学医学院的一个医疗队实施了这项手术。

The team reported Monday that the 57-year-old patient, David Bennett, was recovering well three days after receiving the pig heart.

该医疗队周一报告称，57岁的患者戴维·贝内特在接受猪心脏移植手术三天后恢复良好。

Bennett's doctors said he was breathing on his own while still connected to a heart-lung machine to help his new heart.

贝内特的医生说，他可以自主呼吸，同时仍需连接着心肺机来帮助他的新心脏。

Doctors say the next few weeks will be a critical to see how Bennett does with the new organ and whether his body begins to reject it.

医生说，接下来的几周将是观察贝内特如何使用这个新器官以及他的身体是否开始排斥它的关键时期。

But the operation marks a new step in years of research to find ways to use animal organs for life-saving transplants for humans.

但这项手术标志着多年来就如何利用动物器官移植来拯救人类生命的研究迈出了新的一步。

Bennett's son said his father's heart was failing and he had not been able to get approved for a human heart transplant.

贝内特的儿子说，他父亲的心脏当时正在衰竭，他一直未能获得人类心脏移植的批准。

So, he agreed to the experimental operation even though he knew there was no guarantee that it would work.

因此，他同意了这项试验性手术，尽管他知道这不能保证手术一定会成功。

Bennett released a statement through the medical center the day before the operation.

贝内特在手术前一天通过医疗中心发表了一份声明。

In it, he said: "It was either die or do this transplant. I want to live. I know it's a shot in the dark, but it's my last choice."

在声明中，他说：“要么死，要么移植猪心脏。我想活下去。我知道这都是无根据的瞎猜，但这是我最后的机会。”

A shot in the dark is a guess that is based on little evidence or information.

A shot in the dark的意思是基于很少的证据或信息做出的猜测。

Past attempts at pig-to-human transplants have failed because of genetic² differences that caused organ rejection³.

过去把猪的器官移植到人身上的尝试都失败了，因为基因差异导致了器官排斥。

To reduce the risk of that happening in this case, scientists removed several genes⁴ from the donor⁵ pig that are linked with organ rejection.

为了降低这种情况发生的风险，科学家从供体猪身上移除了几个与器官排斥有关的基因。

They also removed another gene¹ from the animal in an effort to prevent too much growth of pig heart tissue.

他们还从猪身上移除了另一种基因，以防止猪心脏组织过度生长。

Bennett's genetically⁶ modified pig heart was provided by Revivicor, a regenerative medicine company based in Blacksburg, Virginia.

贝内特的转基因猪心脏是由弗吉尼亚州布莱克斯堡的再生医学公司Revivicor提供的。

On the morning of the surgery, the transplant team removed the pig's heart and placed it into a special device to keep it running until the operation.

手术当天上午，移植团队取出了这头猪的心脏，并将其放入一个特殊的设备中，使其直到手术结束一直保持跳动。

The transplant was permitted after the university received emergency approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on December 31.

12月31日，该大学获得了美国食品药品监督管理局的紧急批准，之后，这项移植手术才准许进行。

Such approvals are sometimes given when a patient with a life-threatening condition has no other treatment possibilities.

这样的批准有时是在患者患有危机生命的疾病且没有其他治疗方法的情况下才会被通过。

Dr. Bartley Griffith led the operation.

巴特利·格里菲斯医生领导了这项手术。

He called it a "breakthrough" that had brought research "one step closer to solving the organ shortage crisis."

他称这是一个“突破”，使研究“离解决器官短缺危机又近了一步”。

He added, "There are simply not enough donor human hearts available to meet the long list of potential recipients⁷."

他还说，“捐献的人体心脏根本不足以满足长长的潜在接受者名单。”

Organ donor organizations estimate there are about 110,000 Americans currently waiting for an organ transplant.

器官捐赠组织估计，目前约有11万美国人在等待器官移植。

More than 6,000 patients die each year before getting one, reports organdonor.gov.

据美国器官捐赠网站报道，每年有6000多名患者在获得捐献器官之前死亡。

Dr. Muhammad Mohiuddin is the scientific director at the Maryland university's animal-to-human transplant program.

穆罕默德·莫希丁博士是马里兰大学“动物到人类移植”项目的科学主任。

Mohiuddin said, "If this works, there will be an endless supply of these organs for patients who are suffering."

莫希丁说：“如果这奏效了，这些器官将会源源不断地供应给正在遭受痛苦的患者。”

1 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

2 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

3 rejection   

n.拒绝，被拒，抛弃，被弃

参考例句：

• He decided not to approach her for fear of rejection.他因怕遭拒绝决定不再去找她。
• The rejection plunged her into the dark depths of despair.遭到拒绝使她陷入了绝望的深渊。

4 genes   

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪

5 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

6 genetically   

adv.遗传上

参考例句：

• All the bees in the colony are genetically related. 同一群体的蜜蜂都有亲缘关系。
• Genetically modified foods have already arrived on American dinner tables. 经基因改造加工过的食物已端上了美国人的餐桌。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 基因与食物

7 recipients   

adj.接受的；受领的；容纳的；愿意接受的n.收件人；接受者；受领者；接受器

参考例句：

• The recipients of the prizes had their names printed in the paper. 获奖者的姓名登在报上。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The recipients of prizes had their names printed in the paper. 获奖者名单登在报上。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》