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VOA科学技术2023 研究发现YouTube系统向9岁儿童推荐枪支内容

时间:2023-05-25 01:24来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

A new study has found that YouTube's tool to suggest videos can direct young users to content about guns and violence.

一项新的研究发现,YouTube的视频推荐工具会引导年轻用户观看枪支和暴力的内容。

The study was based on an experiment carried out by the Tech Transparency Project. The nonprofit group studies social media services. Researchers from the group set up two YouTube accounts that simulated online activity that might be interesting to 9-year-old boys.

该研究是基于“技术透明度项目”所进行的实验。这家非营利组织研究社交网站。 该组织的研究人员设立了两个YouTube帐户,这些帐户模拟了9岁男孩可能很感兴趣的网络活动。

The two accounts contained the exact same information. The only difference was that one account chose only to watch videos suggested by YouTube. The other ignored the video service's suggested offerings.

这两个账号包含完全相同的信息。唯一的区别是,一个账户只观看YouTube推荐的视频。另一个账户无视该视频网站的推荐。

The organization found the account that chose to watch YouTube's suggestions was flooded with graphic1 videos. These included videos about school shootings and instructions for making guns fully2 automatic.

该组织发现,选择观看YouTube推荐视频的账户充斥了图文视频。其中包括有关学校枪支事件的视频,以及改造成全自动枪支的说明。

Many of the suggested videos violate YouTube's own policies against violent or graphic content.

许多推荐视频违反了YouTube暴力和图文内容的政策。

YouTube has technology tools that are meant to restrict some kinds of videos. But the study suggests that those tools are failing to block violent content from young users. The researchers involved in the study said the tools even may be sending children to videos that include extremist and violent material.

YouTube拥有旨在限制某类视频的技术工具。但是研究表明,这些工具无法屏蔽年轻用户的暴力内容。参与该研究的研究人员表示,这些工具甚至可能向儿童推送包括极端主义和暴力内容在内的视频。

Katie Paul leads the Tech Transparency Project. She said, "Video games are one of the most popular activities for kids. You can play a game like ‘Call of Duty' without ending up at a gun shop — but YouTube is taking them there."

凯蒂·保罗负责技术透明度项目。 她说:“视频游戏是儿童最受欢迎的活动之一。您可以玩诸如“使命召唤”之类的游戏而最终不会去枪店,但YouTube会把他们带去那里。”

Paul added, "It's not the video games, it's not the kids. It's the algorithms." An algorithm is a set of steps that are followed to complete a computing3 process or problem.

保罗补充说:“这不是电子游戏,不是孩子。这是算法(搞出的事情)。”算法是一组完成计算过程或解决问题的步骤。

Social media companies use algorithms to predict what content users might be interested in based on past watch history. Algorithm tools suggest that content to users.

社交媒体公司利用算法,基于历史观看视频来预测用户可能感兴趣的内容。算法工具给用户推荐这些内容。

The accounts that clicked on YouTube's suggested videos received 382 different gun-related videos in a single month. The accounts that ignored YouTube's suggestions still received some gun-related videos, but only 34 in total.

观看YouTube推荐视频的账户在一个月内收到了382个与枪支相关的内容。无视YouTube推荐视频的账户仍然收到了一些与枪支相关的视频,但是数量只有34个。

A spokeswoman for YouTube defended the platform's protections for children and noted4 that it requires users under age 17 to get a parent's permission before using their website.

YouTube网站的女发言人就该平台对儿童的保护措施进行辩解,指出它要求17岁以下用户在使用其网站之前,先获得父母的许可。

YouTube says accounts for users younger than 13 are linked to a parental5 account. The company noted that it offers several choices for younger viewers that are "designed to create a safer experience for tweens and teens."

YouTube网站表示,13岁以下用户的账号链接到了父母的账户。该公司指出,它为年轻用户提供了数种选项,旨在为青少年创造更安全的体验。

Activist6 groups for children have long criticized YouTube for making violent and troubling content easily available to young users. They say YouTube sometimes suggests videos that promote gun violence, eating disorders7 and self-harm.

儿童活动组织长期以来批评YouTube让年轻用户轻易接触到暴力和令人不安的内容。他们说YouTube有时会推荐促进枪支暴力,饮食失调和自我伤害的视频。

In some cases, YouTube has already removed some of the videos that the Tech Transparency Project identified. But others remain available.

在某些案例中,YouTube已经删除了“技术透明度项目”认定的一些视频。但是其它视频仍然可用。

Many technology companies depend on computer programs to identify and remove content that violates their rules. But Paul said findings from her organization's study show that greater investments and efforts are needed to block such material.

许多技术公司依靠计算机程序来识别和删除违反其规则的内容。但是保罗说,她所在组织的研究结果表明,屏蔽此类内容需要投入更大的资金和努力。

Justin Wagner is the director of investigations8 at Everytown for Gun Safety, a gun control activist group. He told the AP that without federal legislation, social media companies must do more to enforce their own rules.

贾斯汀·瓦格纳是枪支管制活动团体“为每个城镇带来枪支安全”的调查总监。他告诉美联社,如果没有联邦立法,社交媒体公司在执行自身规定方面还需做得更多。

He added, "Children who aren't old enough to buy a gun shouldn't be able to turn to YouTube to learn how to build a firearm, modify it to make it deadlier, or commit atrocities9."

他补充说:“那些年纪不足以购买枪支的孩子不应该能够转向YouTube来学习如何制造枪支,对其进行改造,以使其变得更致命,或犯下暴行。”


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 graphic Aedz7     
adj.生动的,形象的,绘画的,文字的,图表的
参考例句:
  • The book gave a graphic description of the war.这本书生动地描述了战争的情况。
  • Distinguish important text items in lists with graphic icons.用图标来区分重要的文本项。
2 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
3 computing tvBzxs     
n.计算
参考例句:
  • to work in computing 从事信息处理
  • Back in the dark ages of computing, in about 1980, they started a software company. 早在计算机尚未普及的时代(约1980年),他们就创办了软件公司。
4 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
5 parental FL2xv     
adj.父母的;父的;母的
参考例句:
  • He encourages parental involvement in the running of school.他鼓励学生家长参与学校的管理。
  • Children always revolt against parental disciplines.孩子们总是反抗父母的管束。
6 activist gyAzO     
n.活动分子,积极分子
参考例句:
  • He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
  • He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。
7 disorders 6e49dcafe3638183c823d3aa5b12b010     
n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 );凌乱;骚乱;(身心、机能)失调
参考例句:
  • Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告,厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 investigations 02de25420938593f7db7bd4052010b32     
(正式的)调查( investigation的名词复数 ); 侦查; 科学研究; 学术研究
参考例句:
  • His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查,但没有发现什么。
  • He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。
9 atrocities 11fd5f421aeca29a1915a498e3202218     
n.邪恶,暴行( atrocity的名词复数 );滔天大罪
参考例句:
  • They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
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