VOA科学技术2023 南极洲冬季海冰创下历史新低

Winter Sea Ice in Antarctica Reaches Record Low

南极洲冬季海冰创下历史新低

The U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) reported Monday that winter sea ice hit record lows in Antarctica this year.

美国国家冰雪数据中心周一报告称，今年南极洲冬季海冰创下历史新低。

Scientists say the lack of sea ice is evidence of serious climate change at the South Pole.

科学家表示，海冰的缺乏是南极气候变化严重的证据。

Researchers say the lack of sea ice will affect penguins², who mate¹ and raise their young on the ice. In addition, a lack of ice speeds Earth's rising temperatures. A large amount of sea ice keeps the planet³ cool because it reflects sunlight back into space.

研究人员表示，海冰的缺乏将影响企鹅在冰上交配和养育幼崽。此外，海冰的缺乏会加速地球温度上升。大量的海冰使地球保持凉爽，因为它将阳光反射回太空。

The amount of sea ice was at its highest level on September 10, towards the end of the southern hemisphere⁴'s winter. However, it only covered 16.96 million square kilometers. That was the lowest coverage⁵ since satellite records began in 1979. The latest measurement⁶ breaks a low ice record from 1986 by about one million square kilometers.

9月10日，南半球冬季即将结束，海冰数量达到最高水平。然而，它只覆盖了1696万平方公里。这是自1979年有卫星记录以来的最低覆盖率。这次最新测量结果以大约为100万平方公里的差值打破了1986年以来的低冰记录。

Walt Meier is a top NSIDC scientist. "It's not just a record-breaking year," he said. "It's an extreme record-breaking year."

沃尔特·梅尔是美国国家冰雪数据中心的顶尖科学家。他说：“这不仅仅是破纪录的一年，这是严重破纪录的一年。”

The group said the ice measurement findings⁷ are not complete. It said a full report would come out in October.

该组织表示，这次海冰测量结果并不完整。它表示，一份完整的报告将于10月发布。

Sea ice reaches its peak, or highest level, in late September in the southern hemisphere. The ice melts to its lowest point during the hemisphere's summer in February or March.

南半球的海冰在9月下旬达到峰值或最高水平。这些海冰于2月或3月的南半球夏季融化到最低点。

The last summer measurement came about six months ago, which also set a new record for melting ice.

上一次夏季测量是在大约六个月前进行的，它也创下了融冰的新纪录。

1 mate   

n.伙伴，同事；配偶；大副；v.(使)交配

参考例句：

• Where is the mate to this glove?这副手套的另一只在哪儿？
• She has been a faithful mate to him.她一直是他忠实的配偶。

2 penguins   

n.企鹅( penguin的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Why can penguins live in cold environment? 为什么企鹅能生活在寒冷的环境中？ 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Whales, seals, penguins, and turtles have flippers. 鲸、海豹，企鹅和海龟均有鳍形肢。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

3 planet   

n.行星

参考例句：

• Neptune is the furthest planet from the sun. 海王星是离太阳最远的行星。
• Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. 然而, 垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。

4 hemisphere   

n.半球，半球地图

参考例句：

• This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.这种动物只有在南半球才能找到。
• In most people,the left hemisphere is bigger than the right.多数人的左脑比右脑大。

5 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

6 measurement   

n.测量，衡量；(量得的)尺寸，大小

参考例句：

• I can find the size of something by means of measurement.我可以用测量法求得某物的体积。
• He has made an accurate measurement of my garden.他准确地丈量了我的花园。

7 findings   

n.发现物( finding的名词复数 )；调查（或研究）的结果；（陪审团的）裁决

参考例句：

• It behoves us to study these findings carefully. 我们理应认真研究这些发现。
• Their findings have been widely disseminated . 他们的研究成果已经广为传播。