VOA名师答疑2023 mine和quarry的区别

Hello!

大家好!

This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question from Yusuf about the difference between "mine" and "quarry¹."

本周《名师答疑》，我们回答优素福提出的问题，即mine和quarry有什么区别。

Hi, VOA learning team, would you please help me to understand the difference between "quarry" and "mine?"

您好，美国之音学习团队，您能帮助我理解mine(矿井)和quarry(采石场)之间的区别吗？

Thanks, Yusuf.

谢谢，优素福。

Dear Yusuf, this is a great question!

亲爱的优素福，这是一个很好的问题！

Thank you for asking it!

谢谢你的提问！

Both "mine" and "quarry" can be used as nouns and verbs.

mine和quarry都可以用作名词和动词。

Their meanings are related but are different in important ways.

它们的含义有关联，但在一些重要方面也有区别。

Let us start with the word "mine."

首先讲mine这个词。

As a noun, a "mine" is a hole dug underground to recover minerals and other valuable substances from the earth.

作为名词，mine是指在地下挖的一个洞，用来从土地里开采矿物和其他有价值的物质。

For example, recently, a large pink diamond was found in a mine in the African country of Angola.

例如，最近，在非洲国家安哥拉的一个矿井中发现了一颗大粉钻。

"Mine" as a noun has another meaning.

mine作为名词还有另一个意思。

A mine is a bomb that is hidden underground as a defensive² weapon.

地雷是一种隐藏在地下，作为防御性武器的炸弹。

These land mines cause many deaths, even long after a war is over.

这些地雷造成许多人死亡，即使战争已经结束了很久。

Large pouch³ rats in Africa are trained to find land mines by using their sense of smell.

在非洲，人们训练巨鼠通过嗅觉寻找地雷。

A floating mine can also be put in the sea as a weapon against ships.

漂雷也可以放入海中，作为攻击船舰的武器。

A "mine" can also be any large supply of a resource.

"矿"也可以是任何能提供大量资源的东西。

For example: There is a mine of information on the internet.

例如：互联网上有大量信息。

"Mine" can also be a verb.

mine也可以是动词。

"To mine" means to dig useful or valuable substances out of the earth.

to mine的意思是从土地里挖出有用或有价值的物质。

Americans went west to California in the mid-1800s to mine for gold.

19世纪中期，美国人向西前往加利福尼亚州挖黄金。

This is called the California Gold Rush.

这被称为"加州淘金热"。

A "quarry," like a mine, is a place where valuable minerals or rocks are recovered, but it is open on the earth’s surface rather than underground.

quarry和矿井一样，是开采有价值的矿物或岩石的地方，但它是在地表露天的而不是在地下。

Rocks, sand and minerals are removed from quarries⁴.

岩石、沙子和矿物从采石场被移走。

Big pieces of stone like limestone⁵ and granite⁶ and some minerals are removed from quarries as building materials.

像石灰石和花岗岩这样的大石块和一些矿物被作为建筑材料从采石场中被搬走。

The Ancient Egyptians cut huge blocks of limestone and granite from quarries to build the Great Pyramids.

古埃及人从采石场中切割出巨大的石灰石和花岗岩石块来建造大金字塔。

The noun "quarry" has another meaning.

quarry还有另一个意思。

It can be an animal or even a person that is hunted.

它可以是被猎杀的动物或人。

The dogs chased their quarry through the field.

狗在田野里追逐猎物。

"Quarry" as a verb can mean to take or dig from.

作为动词，quarry可以表示从某物中取走或挖出。

There are many sites in the United States where you can quarry for fossils⁷.

在美国有很多地方可以挖掘化石。

The use of "quarry" and "mine" is sometimes linked to the kind of mineral being recovered.

quarry和mine的用法有时与所开采的矿物种类有关。

So, limestone is almost always quarried⁸ while diamonds are usually mined.

石灰石几乎都是用quarry，而钻石通常是用mine。

So, a "mine" is a hole underground that is used to remove minerals and valuable substances from the earth.

总之，mine指的是地下的洞，用于从土地里挖出矿物质和其他贵重物质。

A "quarry" is like a mine but is on the surface of the earth and usually is used to remove large pieces of stone, sand or minerals.

quarry类似mine，但它位于地表，通常用于搬走大块的石头、沙子或矿物。

It can also be something that is hunted or sought after.

也可以表示被猎杀或被追逐的东西。

Both "quarry" and "mine," as verbs, mean to dig something out of the earth.

作为动词，两个词的意思都是从土地里挖东西。

Please let us know if these examples and explanations have helped you, Yusuf!

请让我们知道这些例子和解释是否对你有帮助，优素福！

And that’s Ask a Teacher.

以上就是本期《名师答疑》。

I’m Faith Pirlo.

我是费思·皮尔洛。

1 quarry   

n.采石场；v.采石；费力地找

参考例句：

• Michelangelo obtained his marble from a quarry.米开朗基罗从采石场获得他的大理石。
• This mountain was the site for a quarry.这座山曾经有一个采石场。

2 defensive   

adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的

参考例句：

• Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题，使她警觉起来。
• The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。

3 pouch   

n.小袋，小包，囊状袋；vt.装...入袋中，用袋运输；vi.用袋送信件

参考例句：

• He was going to make a tobacco pouch out of them. 他要用它们缝制一个烟草袋。
• The old man is always carrying a tobacco pouch with him.这老汉总是随身带着烟袋。

4 quarries   

n.（采）石场( quarry的名词复数 )；猎物（指鸟，兽等）；方形石；（格窗等的）方形玻璃v.从采石场采得( quarry的第三人称单数 )；从（书本等中）努力发掘（资料等）；在采石场采石

参考例句：

• This window was filled with old painted glass in quarries. 这窗户是由旧日的彩色菱形玻璃装配的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They hewed out the stones for the building from nearby quarries. 他们从邻近的采石场开凿出石头供建造那栋房子用。 来自辞典例句

5 limestone   

n.石灰石

参考例句：

• Limestone is often used in building construction.石灰岩常用于建筑。
• Cement is made from limestone.水泥是由石灰石制成的。

6 granite   

adj.花岗岩，花岗石

参考例句：

• They squared a block of granite.他们把一块花岗岩加工成四方形。
• The granite overlies the older rocks.花岗岩躺在磨损的岩石上面。

7 fossils   

n.化石( fossil的名词复数 )；老顽固；食古不化的人；老古董（老人）

参考例句：

• fossils over two million years old 两百多万年的化石
• The geologist found many uncovered fossils in the valley. 在那山谷里，地质学家发现了许多裸露的化石。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 quarried   

v.从采石场采得( quarry的过去式和过去分词 )；从（书本等中）努力发掘（资料等）；在采石场采石

参考例句：

• The workmen quarried out a huge block of marble. 工人们从采石场采得一块很大的大理石。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The large limestone caves are also quarried for cement. 同时还在这些大石灰岩洞里开采水泥原料。 来自辞典例句