VOA新闻杂志2023 空气污染是南亚预期寿命缩短的罪魁祸首

 

空气污染是南亚预期寿命缩短的罪魁祸首

A new environmental report says rising air pollution across South Asia can cut life expectancy¹ rates by up to five years.

一份新的环境报告称，南亚地区日益严重的空气污染可能会使预期寿命缩短长达五年。

South Asia includes the world's most polluted countries, including India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan.

南亚包括世界上污染最严重的国家，包括印度、孟加拉国、尼泊尔和巴基斯坦。

The area accounts for more than half of the total lives lost worldwide to pollution, the Energy Policy Institute said in its latest Air Quality Life Index.

能源政策研究所在其最新发布的空气质量生命指数中表示，该地区占全球因污染而死亡总人数的一半以上。

The institute is part of the University of Chicago.

该研究所是芝加哥大学的一部分。

The report blames the air pollution dangers on fast industrialization and population growth across South Asia.

该报告将空气污染的危险归咎于南亚地区的快速工业化和人口的快速增长。

Researchers estimate the area currently² has particle pollution rates that are 50 percent higher than at the start of the century.

研究人员估计，该地区目前的颗粒物污染率比本世纪初高出50%。

Individuals living in Bangladesh, the world's most polluted country, stand to lose 6.8 years of life on average per person, the report found.

该报告发现，生活在世界上污染最严重的国家孟加拉国的人平均每人的寿命缩短6.8年。

This compares to 3.6 months in the United States.

相比之下，美国平均每人的寿命缩短3.6个月。

The information is based on satellite data used to estimate the effects of increased airborne fine particles on life expectancy.

这些信息基于卫星数据，研究人员利用这些数据估计空气中细颗粒物增加对预期寿命的影响。

The report said India has been responsible for about 59 percent of the world's increase in pollution since 2013.

该报告称，自2013年以来，印度造成的污染量占全球新增污染量的59%左右。

In densely³ populated New Delhi, the world's most polluted large city, the average life expectancy had dropped by more than 10 years.

在人口稠密的新德里，世界上污染最严重的大城市，平均预期寿命缩短了10多年。

The report called for cuts in worldwide levels of lung-harming airborne particles to levels sought by the World Health Organization (WHO).

该报告呼吁世界各国将对肺部有害的空气颗粒物水平降低到世界卫生组织要求的水平。

If these cuts were reached, it could raise average life expectancy rates by 2.3 years.

如果达到了这些目标，平均预期寿命将会提高2.3年。

A person living in Pakistan would gain 3.9 years from meeting WHO pollution guidelines⁴, the report added.

报告补充说，如果符合世界卫生组织的污染指南，生活在巴基斯坦的人将会多活3.9年。

And in Nepal, a person would live 4.6 years longer if the guidelines were met.

在尼泊尔，如果符合这个指南，人的寿命将会延长4.6年。

The report noted⁵ that China has worked to reduce pollution by 42.3 percent between 2013 and 2021.

该报告指出，从2013年到2021年，中国已经努力将污染减少了42.3%。

The researchers said this shows the need for governments to produce and share air quality data to help reduce inequalities in getting tools to fight pollution.

研究人员表示，这表明政府需要制作和共享空气质量数据，以帮助减少在获得抗击污染的工具方面的不平等。

1 expectancy   

n.期望，预期，（根据概率统计求得）预期数额

参考例句：

• Japanese people have a very high life expectancy.日本人的平均寿命非常长。
• The atomosphere of tense expectancy sobered everyone.这种期望的紧张气氛使每个人变得严肃起来。

2 currently   

adv.通常地，普遍地，当前

参考例句：

• Currently it is not possible to reconcile this conflicting evidence.当前还未有可能去解释这一矛盾的例证。
• Our contracts are currently under review.我们的合同正在复查。

3 densely   

ad.密集地；浓厚地

参考例句：

• A grove of trees shadowed the house densely. 树丛把这幢房子遮蔽得很密实。
• We passed through miles of densely wooded country. 我们穿过好几英里茂密的林地。

4 guidelines   

n.指导方针，准则

参考例句：

• The government has drawn up guidelines on the treatment of the mentally ill. 政府制订了对待精神病人的指导方针。
• Planners seem a little uncomfortable with the current government guidelines. 规划师似乎不太接受现行的政府指道方针。

5 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。