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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
An interesting holiday in the United States is coming up soon. Halloween happens on the last day of October. If you have lived in the U.S., you have probably noticed many changes in the month or so before Halloween. Let's hear about some of them and explore the vocabulary and expressions you might hear this time of year.
'Trick-or-treat'
First, you should know about trick-or-treating. Children dress up in special clothes, or costumes, to look like frightening creatures. They might dress up as little vampires2, ghosts and witches or superheroes. Then their parents walk with them to the homes of neighbors, where the children knock at the door and call out, "Trick or treat!"Some people believe the custom goes back to an old Celtic celebration in which people went from door to door asking for firewood. The Celts believed that the spirits of the dead would return to their homes on October 31, the day of the autumn feast3. The Celts would build large fires to frighten away evil4 spirits on that night.
In modern-day Halloween, the children ask for candy. That's the "treat" part. The "trick" part is what happens if you do not give them something.
Before Halloween, communities might create a "haunted5 house" in an old house or an open field. Visitors can walk through the place and be frightened and surprised by unusual noises and people dressed up like ghosts or spirits.
Fear plays a big part in Halloween celebrations. The words we use to talk about fear include "scary," an adjective6 to show something causes fear and "afraid" an adjective that describes the person who feels fear. We might say, "I'm scared of ghosts," to say we are afraid of ghosts.
Another word we use to describe things that cause fear is "spooky." Little people trying to look like ghosts might say, "Boo!" to frighten others. Let's put some of these expressions together to see how they work.
Greg has a really scary costume this year. He said "Boo!" to me and I jumped!
Caty's house looks really spooky with all those skeletons7 and spider webs that she put out in her yard.
I'm not afraid of ghosts but seeing people dressed up as witches scares me!
You will see that stores begin offering many kinds of candies in small packages. We call these "individually wrapped" treats. They are meant for handing out to children as part of trick-or-treating. Some candy makers8 call these small packages "fun-sized" treats.
Halloween decorations
People put some strange things on and around their homes for Halloween. People hang toy spiders, skeletons and other scary decorations on trees and bushes. You will see pumpkins10 everywhere. People often empty the pumpkins and make scary faces on them. Then they place a candle inside so the pumpkin9 face shines in the night. We call these "jack11-o-lanterns."The custom of carving12 scary faces into vegetables is believed to come to us from the Irish. They had an old story about a wandering soul named Stingy Jack. They carved faces in turnips13 to frighten him away. When they came to America, they found the pumpkin was widely available. So, they carved faces into pumpkins, and made what we call the jack-o-lantern today. Now, children carry plastic buckets made to look like a carved pumpkin. They fill them with candy as they trick-or-treat around their neighborhood.
We close with a usual conversation around Halloween in the U.S. See how many traditions and customs you can spot.
A: Are you going to any Halloween parties this year?
B: No, I have to take my kids trick-or-treating. Then I'm too tired to dress up and go out to a party. Are you going?
A: Yes, I'm going to be a vampire1 this year. My block has a great party with a haunted house every year.
B: Oh, I wish I could go. Hey, will you help me carve these pumpkins? I want to put them out front.
B: Sure, I love carving jack-o-lanterns. Can I have some of that candy while I'm working?
A: Of course. Help yourself to those fun-sized Hershey bars. I only have a hundred of them.
Does your culture have any celebrations where you dress up or give out treats? Write to us in the comments to tell us about them!
And that's Everyday Grammar for Halloween. Boo!
I'm Jill Robbins.
Jill Robbins wrote this lesson for Learning14 English.
Words in This Story
dress up - v. to wear a special kind of clothing for a festival or event
vampire - n. a dead person who leaves the grave15 at night to bite and suck the blood of living people
ghost - n. the soul of a dead person thought of as living in an unseen world or as appearing to living people
witch - n. a woman who is thought to have magic powers
candy - n. a sweet food made with sugar or chocolate
收听单词发音 |
1
vampire
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| n.吸血鬼 | |
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vampires
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| n.吸血鬼( vampire的名词复数 )；吸血蝠；高利贷者；（舞台上的）活板门 | |
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feast
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| n.盛宴，筵席，节日 | |
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evil
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| n.邪恶，不幸，罪恶；adj.邪恶的，不幸的，有害的，诽谤的 | |
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haunted
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| adj.闹鬼的；受到折磨的；令人烦恼的v.“haunt”的过去式和过去分词 | |
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adjective
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| n.形容词；adj.形容词的，用作形容词的 | |
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7
skeletons
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| n.（建筑物等的）骨架( skeleton的名词复数 )；骨骼；梗概；骨瘦如柴的人（或动物） | |
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makers
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| n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式） | |
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pumpkin
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| n.南瓜 | |
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pumpkins
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| n.南瓜( pumpkin的名词复数 )；南瓜的果肉，南瓜囊 | |
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jack
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| n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克 | |
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12
carving
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| n.雕刻品，雕花 | |
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13
turnips
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| 芜青( turnip的名词复数 )； 芜菁块根； 芜菁甘蓝块根； 怀表 | |
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learning
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| n.学问，学识，学习；动词learn的现在分词 | |
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grave
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| n.墓穴，坟墓，雕刻工，抑音；adj.庄重的，严肃的，重大的，低沉的；vt.雕刻 | |
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