VOA新闻杂志2024 美国最高法院裁定川普可参加大选

 

US Supreme¹ Court Rules Trump² Can Stay on Ballots⁴

美国最高法院裁定川普可参加大选

　　The United States Supreme Court ruled on Monday that former President Donald Trump can stay on 2024 presidential primary ballots.

　　美国最高法院周一裁定，前总统川普可以继续参加2024年的总统初选。

　　All nine justices ruled that individual states cannot use the 14th Amendment⁵ to prevent presidential candidates from appearing on ballots. They said that power "rests with Congress and not the states."所有九名大法官都裁定，个别州不能利用第十四修正案阻止总统候选人出现在选票上。他们说，这项权力“归于国会而非各州”。

　　The ruling ended efforts in several states, including Colorado, Maine and Illinois, to remove Trump from ballots for presidential primary elections run by state governments.

　　这项裁决终止了几个州将川普从州政府举行的总统初选选票中除名的努力，这些州包括科罗拉多州、缅因州和伊利诺伊州。

　　Those state governments wanted to remove Trump, the leading candidate for the Republican Party nomination⁶, from ballots because of his activities related to the 2020 presidential election. Trump is accused of trying to overturn his loss to Democrat⁷ Joe Biden. He is also accused of involvement in activities that led to the January 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol.

　　这些州政府希望将共和党提名的主要候选人川普从选票中除名，原因是他在2020年总统大选中的相关举动。川普被指控试图推翻他输给民主党人拜登的事实。他还被指控参与了导致1月6日美国国会大厦骚乱的活动。

　　Colorado's highest state court decided⁸ that Trump incited⁹ the January 6 attack. It also ruled that Section 3 of the 14th Amendment, which was passed shortly after the American Civil War, could be applied¹⁰ to Trump. The amendment aimed to prevent former officeholders of the U.S. who "have engaged in insurrection" or "given aid or comfort" to such activity from holding such office again.

　　科罗拉多州最高法院裁定川普煽动了1月6日的袭击。它还裁定，美国内战后不久通过的第14修正案第3条可以适用于川普。该修正案旨在防止“参与叛乱”或“为此类活动提供帮助或配合”的前美国官员再次担任此类职务。

　　In Monday's ruling, the U.S. Supreme Court did not deal with the issue of insurrection. All nine justices agreed that Trump should be on the ballot³. But they offered different opinions on the ruling.

　　在周一的裁决中，美国最高法院没有处置暴动问题。所有九位大法官都同意川普应该被名列选票上。但他们对裁决提出了不同意见。

　　A five-justice conservative majority wrote, "The Constitution makes Congress, rather than the states, responsible for enforcing Section 3 against federal officeholders and candidates."五名占多数优势的保守派法官写道：“宪法规定由国会，而不是由各州负责对联邦官员和候选人执行第3条。”

　　Three liberal justices, Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, and Ketanji Brown Jackson, jointly¹¹ wrote, "Today, the majority goes beyond the necessities of this case to limit how Section 3 can bar an oathbreaking insurrectionist from becoming President."三位自由派大法官索尼娅·索托马约尔、埃琳娜·卡根和凯坦吉·布朗·杰克逊共同写道：“今天，多数派超越了本案的必要性，限制了第3条如何禁止一名宣誓叛乱者成为总统。”

　　And Justice Amy Coney Barrett added that the majority should not have dealt with the "question whether federal legislation is the exclusive vehicle through which Section 3 can be enforced."大法官艾米·科尼·巴雷特补充道，多数派不应该处理“联邦立法是否是执行第3条的唯一途径的问题”。

　　Trump posted on his social media network shortly after the decision was released: "BIG WIN FOR AMERICA!!!"裁决发布后不久，川普在其社交媒体网络上发帖称：“美国的重大胜利！！！”

　　The case is the Supreme Court's latest direct involvement in a presidential election since Bush v. Gore¹². In that case, the court stopped the recount of votes in the state of Florida that effectively handed the 2000 election to Republican George W. Bush.

　　这是自小布什诉戈尔案以来，最高法院最新一次直接卷入总统选举。在那起案件中，最高法院阻止了佛罗里达州重新计票，这实际上将2000年的选举胜利交给了共和党人小布什。

　　The Supreme Court has an even more important case ahead that involves Trump directly on the week of April 22.

　　最高法院还有一起更重要的案件，将于4月22日这一周直接涉及川普。

　　A three-judge federal appeals court had ruled earlier that Trump could be put on trial for trying to undo¹³ the 2020 elections and actions leading to the January 6 attack. But the nation's highest court agreed last week to hear whether Trump could face criminal prosecution¹⁴ for actions taken while in office as president.

　　一家由三名法官组成的联邦上诉法院早些时候裁定，川普可能因试图撤销2020年的选举和导致1月6日国会袭击的行为而受审。但美国最高法院上周同意审理川普是否会因担任总统期间的行为而面临刑事起诉。

　　The decision effectively put on hold several federal cases against Trump and raised questions about whether Trump will be tried before the November election.

　　这一决定实际上搁置了几起针对川普的联邦案件，并引发了人们对川普是否会在11月大选前受审的质疑。

　　Recently, a jury in New York City found Trump guilty of defaming writer E. Jean Carroll. It ordered him to pay her $83 million. Last month, a New York judge presiding over Trump's civil fraud trial set a penalty and interest of $450 million and barred Trump from running a business in the state for three years. Later in March, Trump will face a trial for charges related to payments made to adult movie performer Stormy Daniels.

　　最近，纽约市的一个陪审团裁定川普诽谤作家简·卡罗尔罪名成立。陪审团命令川普赔付给她8300万美元。上个月，主持川普民事欺诈案审判的纽约法官设定了4.5亿美元的罚款和利息，并禁止川普在三年内在该州经营企业。3月晚些时候，川普将因向成人电影演员斯托米·丹尼尔斯付款而面临审判。

　　In addition to those ongoing¹⁵ cases, the former president is facing charges brought by the state of Georgia over his actions related to the 2020 presidential election. And the federal government has brought a case against Trump in the state of Florida for holding classified documents after leaving office.

　　除了这些正在进行的案件外，这位前总统还因其与2020年总统选举有关的行为而面临佐治亚州的指控。同时联邦政府已在佛罗里达州对川普提起诉讼，指控他在离任后持有机密文件。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

4 ballots   

n.投票表决( ballot的名词复数 )；选举；选票；投票总数v.（使）投票表决( ballot的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• They're counting the ballots. 他们正在计算选票。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The news of rigged ballots has rubbed off much of the shine of their election victory. 他们操纵选票的消息使他们在选举中获得的胜利大为减色。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

6 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

7 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

8 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

9 incited   

刺激，激励，煽动( incite的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He incited people to rise up against the government. 他煽动人们起来反对政府。
• The captain's example incited the men to bravery. 船长的榜样激发了水手们的勇敢精神。

10 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

11 jointly   

ad.联合地，共同地

参考例句：

• Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。
• She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。

12 gore   

n.凝血，血污；v.（动物）用角撞伤，用牙刺破；缝以补裆；顶

参考例句：

• The fox lay dying in a pool of gore.狐狸倒在血泊中奄奄一息。
• Carruthers had been gored by a rhinoceros.卡拉瑟斯被犀牛顶伤了。

13 undo   

vt.解开，松开；取消，撤销

参考例句：

• His pride will undo him some day.他的傲慢总有一天会毁了他。
• I managed secretly to undo a corner of the parcel.我悄悄地设法解开了包裹的一角。

14 prosecution   

n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营

参考例句：

• The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。
• He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。

15 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。