作家海明威的一生 (二)

                      07  作家海明威的一生 (二)

DATE=3-4-01
TITLE=PEOPLE IN AMERICA #1811 - Ernest Hemingway Pt. 2
BYLINE=RICHARD THORMAN

     VOICE ONE:
     I'M Shirley Griffith
     VOICE TWO:
     AND I'M Doug Johnson with people in America, a program about people who are important in the history of the United States. Today we (1) present the second part of the story of Ernest Hemingway's life and (2)writings.
     (Theme)
     voice one:
     At twenty-five, Hemingway was living in Paris. He was a famous writer. But the end of his first marriage made him want to leave the (3) place where he had first become famous
.     Years later he said, "the city was never to be the same again. When I returned to it, I found it had changed as I had changed. (4)Paris was never the same as when I was poor and very happy."
voice two:
     Hemingway and his new wife returned to the United States in nineteen-twenty-eight. They settled in Key West, an island with a fishing port near the southern coast of (5) Florida.
     Before leaving Paris, Hemingway sent a (6) collection of his (7)stories  to New York to be (8)published. The book of stories, called "men without women," was published soon after Hemingway arrived in Key west.
     One of the stories was called "the killers¹." in it, Hemingway used a (9) discussion² between two men to (10)create a feeling of (11)tension and coming violence. This was a new method of telling a story:
     storyteller:
     Nick opened the door and went into the room. Ole Andreson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. He had been a heavyweight (12) Prizefighter and he was too long for the bed. He lay with his head on two (13) Pillows. He did not look at (14)nick.
     "What was it?" he asked.
     "I was up at Henry's," nick said, "and two fellows came in and tied me up and the cook, and they said they were going to kill you."
     It sounded silly when he said it. Ole Andreson said nothing,
     "They put us out in the (15) kitchen," nick went on. "They were going to shoot you when you came in to supper."
     Ole Andreson looked at the wall and did not say anything.     "George thought i ought to come and tell you about  it."
     "There isn't anything i can do about it," ole Andreson said.
     Voice one:
     Any new book by Hemingway was an important event for readers. But stories like "the killers" shocked many people. Some thought there was too much violence in his stories. Others said he only wrote about Gunmen, Soldiers, Fighters, and (16) Drinkers.
     This kind of (17) criticism³ made Hemingway angry. He felt that writers should not be judged by those who could not (18) write a story.
     Voice two:
     Hemingway was happy in Key west. In the morning he wrote, in the afternoon he fished, and at night he went to a public house and drank. One old (19) fisherman said: "Hemingway was a man who talked slowly and very (20)carefully. He asked a lot of questions. And he always wanted to get his information exactly right."
     Hemingway and his wife Pauline had a child in Key west. Soon afterward⁴ he heard that his father had killed himself. Hemingway was shocked. He said, "my father taught me so much. He was the only one i really cared about."
     When Hemingway returned to work there was a (21) sadness about his writing that was not there before.
     His new book told about an American soldier who served with the italian army during world war one. He meets an English nurse, and they fall in love. They flee from the army, but she dies during (22) childbirth. Some of the events are taken from Hemingway's (23) service in Italy. The book is called a (24) Farewell to arms.
     Part of the book talks about the (25) defeat of the Italian army at a place called  Caporetto:
     (26)storyteller:
     "at noon we were stuck in a muddy road about as nearly as we could (27)figure, ten kilometres from udine. The rain had stopped during the (28) forenoon and three times we had heard planes coming, seen them pass (29)overhead, watched them go far to the left and heard them (30)bombing on the main (31)highroad....
     "later we were on a road that led to a river. There was a long line of (32) abandoned trucks and carts on a road leading up to a bridge. No one was in sight. The river was high and the bridge had been blown up in the center; the stone arch⁵ was fallen into the river and the brown water was going over it. We went up the bank looking for a place to cross. we did not see any (33)troops; only abandoned trucks and stores. Along the river bank was nothing and no one but the wet brush and muddy ground."
     voice one:
     A farewell to arms was very successful. It earned hemingway a great deal of money. And it permitted him to travel. One place he visited was (34)Spain, a country that he loved. He said, "I want to paint with words all the sights and sounds and smells of Spain. And if I can write any of it down truly, then it will (35) represent all of Spain."
     A book called death in the afternoon was the result. It describes the Spanish tradition of bull⁶ fighting. Hemingway believed that bull fighting was an art, just as much as writing was an art. And he believed it was a true test of a man's bravery, something that always (36)concerned him.
     Voice two:
     Hemingway also travelled to Africa. He had been asked to write a series of reports about African hunting. He said, "hunting in Africa is the kind of hunting i like. No riding in cars, just simple walking and feeling the grass under my feet."
     The trip to Africa resulted in a book called the green hills of Africa and a number of stories. One story is among Hemingway's best. He said a writer saves some stories to write when he knows enough to write them well.
     The story is called "the snows of Kilmanjaro." it tells of Hemingway's fears about himself. It is about a writer who (37) betrays⁷ his art for money and is unable to remain true to himself.
     Voice one:
     In  nineteen-thirty-six, the civil war in Spain gave him a chance to return to Spain and test his bravery again. He agreed to write about the war for an American news organization.
     It was a dangerous job. One day, Hemingway and two other reporters were driving a car near a battlefield. The car carried two white flags. But rebel⁸ gunners thought the car was carrying enemy officers. Hemingway was almost killed. He said, "Shells are all the same. If they do not hit you, there is no story. If they do hit you, then you do not have to write it."
     The trip to Spain resulted in two works⁹, a play called the fifth (38 )column, and the novel, for whom the bell tolls¹⁰. The novel tells the story of an American who has chosen to fight against the fascists¹¹. He realizes that there are lies and injustice¹² on his side, as well as the other. But he sees no hope except the victory of his side. During the fighting, he escapes his fear of death and of being alone. He finds that "he can live as full a life in seventy hours as in seventy years."
     The book was a great success. Hemingway enjoyed being famous. His second marriage was ending. He divorced¹³ Auline and married reporter Martha Gellhorn. He had met Martha while they were working in Spain. They decided¹⁴ to live in Cuba, near the city of Havana. Their house looked out over the Caribbean sea.     But this marriage did not last long. Hemingway was changing. He began to feel that whatever he said was right. Martha went on long trips to be away from him. He drank heavily to forget his (39) loneliness.
     Voice two:
     When America entered world war two, Hemingway went to Britain as a reporter. Later he took part in the invasion¹⁵ of Europe and the freeing of Paris.
     During the war Hemingway met another (40) reporter, Mary Walsh. In nineteen-forty-five, when his marriage to Martha was legally over, he (41) married Mary.
     After the war, Hemingway began work on his last important book, the old man and the sea. It is the story of a Cuban fisherman who refuses to be defeated by nature.
     Hemingway said, "I was trying to show the experience of the fisherman so exactly and directly that it became part of the reader's (42) experience."     In nineteen-fifty-four, Hemingway won the Nobel  prize for literature. But he was too sick to take part in the ceremony.
     Voice one:
     Ernest Hemingway was sixty years old, but he said he felt like he was eight-six. And, even worse, he felt that he no longer was able to write. He seemed to be living the story about the writer who had sold his writing skill in order to make money.
     In  nineteen-sixty-one Ernest Hemingway killed himself. Among the papers he left was one that described what he liked best:
     "to stay in places and to leave...to trust, to distrust...to no longer believe and believe again...to watch the (43) changes in the seasons...to be out in boats...to watch the snow come, to watch it go...to hear the rain...and to know where I can find what I want."
     (Theme)
     voice two:
     This program was written by Richard Thorman. I'm Doug Johnson.
     Voice one:
     And I'm Shirley Griffith. Join us again next week for another people in America program in special English on the voice of America.

(1) 　　present[ pri5zent ]n.赠品, 礼物, 现在, 瞄准adj.现在的, 出席的, vt.介绍, 引见, 给,
(2) 　　writing[ 5raitiN ]n.笔迹, 作品, 著述
(3) place[ pleis ]n.地方, 地点, 位置, 职位, 处境, 住所, 地位vt.放置, 寄予, 任命
(4) Paris[ 5pAris ]n.巴黎(法国首都)
(5) Florida[ 5flCridE ]n.佛罗里达(美国州名)
(6) collection[ kE5lekFEn ]n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品, 捐款
(7) storied[ 5stCrid ]adj.以历史画装饰的, 历史上有名的, 分层的
(8) publish[ 5pQbliF ]v.出版, 刊印vt.公布, 发表
(9) discussion[ dis5kQFEn ]n.讨论
(10) create[ kri5eit ]vt.创造, 创作, 引起, 造成
(11) tension[ 5tenFEn ]n.紧张(状态), 不安, 拉紧, 压力, 张力, 牵力, 电压vt.拉紧, 使紧张
(12) prizefighter[ `praIz9faItE(r) ]n.职业拳击手
(13) pillow[ 5pilEu ]n.枕头, 枕垫
(14) nick[ nik ]n.刻痕, 缺口vt.刻痕于, 挑毛病vi.阻击
(15) kitchen[ 5kitFin ]n.厨房, 炊具, 炊事人员
(16) drinker[ 5driNkE ]n.喝的人, 酒徒
(17) criticism[ 5kritisiz(E)m ]n.批评, 批判
(18) write[ rait ]vt.书写, 著述, 写, 写满, 写信给vi.写, 写字, 写信, 写作, 作曲
(19) fisherman[5fIFEmEn]n.渔民, 渔夫
(20) carefully[5keEfJlI]adv.小心地, 谨慎地
(21) sadness[ 5sAdnis ]n.悲哀, 悲伤
(22) childbirth[5tFaIldb:W]n.分娩
(23) service[ 5sE:vis ]n.服务, 服务性工作, 服役, 仪式vt.保养, 维修adj.(军队)服现役的,
(24) farewell[ 5fZE5wel ]n.辞别, 再见, 再会int.再会, 别了!(常含有永别或不容易再见面的意思)
(25) defeat[ di5fi:t ]n.击败, 战胜, 失败vt.击败, 战胜, 使失败, 挫折v.击败
(26) storyteller[ 5stC:ri7telE ]n.说故事的人, 作家
(27) figure[ 5fi^E ]n.外形, 轮廓, 体形, 图形, 画像, 数字, 形状, 身份vt.描绘, 塑造, 表示,
(28) forenoon[ 5fC:nu:n ]n.午前, 上午
(29) overhead[ 5EuvEhed ]adj.在头上的, 高架的n.企业一般管理费用, 天花板adv.在头顶　　　上, 在空中, 在高处
(30) bombing[ 5bCmiN ]轰炸, 投弹
(31) highroad[5haIrEJd]n.公路, 大道
(32) abandoned[ E5bAndEnd ]adj.被抛弃的, 自甘堕落的, 没有约束的, 放荡的
(33) troop[ tru:p ]n.群, 组, 多数, 军队vi.群集, 结队, 成群而行vt.把(骑兵)编成骑兵连
(34) Spain[ spein ]n.西班牙(欧洲南部国家)
(35) represent[ 7ri:pri5zent ]vt.表现, 描绘, 声称, 象征, 扮演, 回忆, 再赠送,
(36) concerned[ kEn5sE:nd ]adj.关心的, 有关的
(37) betray[ bi5trei ]vt.出卖, 背叛, 泄露(秘密), 露出...迹象
(38) column[5kRlEm]n.圆柱, 柱壮物, 专栏, 纵队
(39) loneliness[5lEJnlInIz]n.孤独, 寂寞
(40) reporter[ ri5pC:tE ]n.记者, 通讯员
(41) married[ 5mArid ]adj.已婚的, 婚姻的
(42) experience[ iks5piEriEns ]n.vt.经验, 体验, 经历, 阅历
(43) change[ tFeindV ]n.改变, 变化, 转变, 找回的零钱, 找头, 辅币vt.改变, 变革, 改造,

1 killers   

凶手( killer的名词复数 )； 消灭…者； 致命物； 极难的事

参考例句：

• He remained steadfast in his determination to bring the killers to justice. 他要将杀人凶手绳之以法的决心一直没有动摇。
• They were professional killers who did in John. 杀死约翰的这些人是职业杀手。

2 discussion   

n.讨论，谈论；论述

参考例句：

• It is certain he will come to the discussion.他肯定会来参加讨论。
• After months of discussion,a peace agreement is gradually taking shape.经过几个月的商讨，和平协议渐渐有了眉目。

3 criticism   

n.批评，批判，指责；评论，评论文章

参考例句：

• Some youth today do not allow any criticism at all.现在有些年轻人根本指责不得。
• It is wrong to turn a deaf ear to other's criticism.对别人的批评充耳不闻是错误的。

4 afterward   

adv.后来；以后

参考例句：

• Let's go to the theatre first and eat afterward. 让我们先去看戏，然后吃饭。
• Afterward,the boy became a very famous artist.后来，这男孩成为一个很有名的艺术家。

5 arch   

n.拱门，桥洞；v.拱起，成为弓形

参考例句：

• Dip your head under the low arch.在低矮的门拱下要低头。
• The trees arch overhead.树木在头顶上弯成拱形。

6 bull   

n.公牛，买进证券投机图利者，看涨的人

参考例句：

• It's only a hair off a bull's back to them.这对他们来说，不过九牛一毛。
• Many dogs closed around the bull.很多狗渐渐地把那只牛围了起来。

7 betrays   

对…不忠( betray的第三人称单数 )； 背叛； 出卖； 泄露

参考例句：

• Her accent betrays her a Londoner. 她的口音说明她是伦敦人。
• The smoke betrays where the dwelling lies. 炊烟起处有人家。

8 rebel   

n.叛徒，起义者；vi.造反，反抗，反感；adj.造反的，反抗的，反叛者的

参考例句：

• The rebel army is attempting to subvert the government.反叛军队企图颠覆政府统治。
• The rebel army has readjusted its strategy.叛军已经重新调整了策略。

9 works   

n.作品，著作；工厂，活动部件，机件

参考例句：

• We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
• The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。

10 tolls   

（缓慢而有规律的）钟声( toll的名词复数 )； 通行费； 损耗； （战争、灾难等造成的）毁坏

参考例句：

• A man collected tolls at the gateway. 一个人在大门口收通行费。
• The long-distance call tolls amount to quite a sum. 长途电话费数目相当可观。

11 fascists   

n.法西斯主义的支持者( fascist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The old man was seized with burning hatred for the fascists. 老人对法西斯主义者充满了仇恨。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her. 卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 injustice   

n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利

参考例句：

• They complained of injustice in the way they had been treated.他们抱怨受到不公平的对待。
• All his life he has been struggling against injustice.他一生都在与不公正现象作斗争。

13 divorced   

adj.离婚的；分开的；不相干的；脱离的v.与…离婚(divorce的过去式和过去分词)；分离；与某人离婚，判某人离婚

参考例句：

• Apparently they are getting divorced soon. 看样子，他们很快就要离婚。
• Many divorced men remarry and have second families. 许多离婚的男子再婚组成了新的家庭。

14 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

15 invasion   

n.入侵，侵略，侵犯

参考例句：

• They are ready against the possible invasion.他们防备可能的入侵。
• It is our duty to shield our country from invasion.保卫祖国不受侵犯是我们的责任。