阿司匹林治疗应根据性别差异采用不同方法

 

Aspirin¹ Therapy Found to Treat the Sexes Differently

阿司匹林治疗应根据性别差异采用不同方法

 

For years, doctors have been advising many patients to take a daily, low-dose aspirin to protect against heart attack and stroke. The advice was based on extensive studies. But although doctors were suggesting the aspirin regimen to both men and women, the aspirin research had been done mainly on men.

 

That changed this month with the release of a 10-year study of 40,000 women and how they respond to aspirin therapy.

 

The new research, led by Dr. Julie Buring, found that women do benefit from aspirin, but in different ways than men.

 

Dr. Julie Buring: For example, aspirin in what's called 'primary prevention among apparently² healthy people' does work on cardiovascular disease for both men and women. But for men it reduces the risk of a heart attack, and for women it appears to reduce the risk of stroke.

 

In a VOA interview, Dr. Buring, who is an epidemiologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, explained that these differences in aspirin's effectiveness reflect the fact that heart disease itself affects men and women differently.

 

Dr. Julie Buring: We know that men and women do differ. A man gets heart disease about 15 years earlier than a woman does. So it should be of no surprise that an agent such as aspirin might really have a different effect or a different risk-to-benefit ratio.

 

And there are risks involved in using aspirin, even a dose as small as 100 milligrams every other day, as in this study. Aspirin is a powerful drug, which helps prevent blood clots³ from forming. That's why it can help prevent or even treat some cardiovascular events. But there is a downside, too. Aspirin increases the risk of bleeding in the stomach or brain, and it may interact with other medicines.

 

Dr. Buring points out that although there are differences between men and women, there are also similarities in how the two sexes respond to aspirin. Take the group known as "survivors⁴ of a prior event."

 

Dr. Julie Buring: They've had a heart attack or a stroke. For those people, whether you are a man or a woman, aspirin has been clearly shown to reduce the risk of dying of that event or having another event.

 

Commenting on the findings, cardiologist and women's health advocate Nieca Goldberg stressed the importance of aspirin for women who have certain risk factors.

 

Nieca Goldberg: For instance, women who have diabetes⁵ or a family history of heart disease. Women who have already had a heart attack or heart surgery should be on an aspirin a day, and we know from other studies [that] these women who are at high risk for heart disease aren't getting the aspirin.

 

Dr. Goldberg who appeared on NBC Television’s Today Show, is head of cardiac rehabilitation⁶ at New York's Lenox Hill Hospital.

 

There are several reasons why previous studies on heart disease focused on men - bias⁷ in the male-dominated research community may have been a factor. But study author Julie Buring allowed that it's also true that, at a given age, men are more likely to have a heart attack.

 

Julie Buring: The studies that were done first were among men, because at any given age men have a higher risk of having a heart attack than women do. But that also meant that the recommendations that were made for women were made on the basis primarily of data in men.

 

As the massive Women's Health Study indicates, that is finally changing.

 

The head of the U.S. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Dr. Elizabeth Nabel, said in a written statement that many women, especially those over age 65, will benefit from taking a low-dose aspirin every other day. But she stressed the importance of checking with your doctor first.

 

The study on women and aspirin is being published in the New England Journal of Medicine. Dr. Buring announced the findings this week at the American College of Cardiology.

 

I am Art Chimes in Washington.

 

注释：

low-dose 低计量的

heart attack 心脏病发作

regimen [5redVimen] n. 规律用药

cardiovascular [7kB:diEu5vAskjulE] adj. 心脏血管的

epidemiologist [5epi9di:mi5ClEdVist] n. 流行病学家

effectiveness [i5fektivnis] n. 效力

milligram [5mili^rAm] n. 毫克

downside [5daun7said] n. 下降趋势

cardiologist [7kB:di5ClEdVist] n. 心脏病专家

cardiac [5kB:diAk] adj. 心脏的

rehabilitation [5ri:(h)E7bili5teiFEn] n. 复原

recommendation [7rekEmen5deiFEn] n. 介绍，建议

1 aspirin   

n.阿司匹林

参考例句：

• The aspirin seems to quiet the headache.阿司匹林似乎使头痛减轻了。
• She went into a chemist's and bought some aspirin.她进了一家药店，买了些阿司匹林。

2 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

3 clots   

n.凝块( clot的名词复数 )；血块；蠢人；傻瓜v.凝固( clot的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• When you cut yourself, blood clots and forms a scab. 你割破了，血会凝固、结痂。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Milk clots when it turns sour. 奶变酸就凝块。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

4 survivors   

幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The survivors were adrift in a lifeboat for six days. 幸存者在救生艇上漂流了六天。
• survivors clinging to a raft 紧紧抓住救生筏的幸存者

5 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

6 rehabilitation   

n.康复，悔过自新，修复，复兴，复职，复位

参考例句：

• He's booked himself into a rehabilitation clinic.他自己联系了一家康复诊所。
• No one can really make me rehabilitation of injuries.已经没有人可以真正令我的伤康复了。

7 bias   

n.偏见，偏心，偏袒；vt.使有偏见

参考例句：

• They are accusing the teacher of political bias in his marking.他们在指控那名教师打分数有政治偏见。
• He had a bias toward the plan.他对这项计划有偏见。