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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
By Michael Bowman
Caracas
01 December 2006
Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez is running for reelection at a time of brisk economic growth driven by unprecedented1 oil revenues. But while many Venezuelans are happily spending money, some economists2 are warning that a painful day of reckoning lies ahead. VOA's Michael Bowman has details from Caracas.
A man walks by campaign mural for President Hugo Chavez in Maracaibo, in Venezuela's oil-rich Zulia state, 1 Dec 2006
In a country where the poor account for three-fourths of the population, Venezuela has become one of the world's hottest markets for luxury items.
Business is brisk at Caracas' Mercedes-Benz dealership3, where Alejandro Velazco is trading in his dilapidated pickup4 truck.
"My preferred car is the Mercedes 300. A classic car, like the 320 you see over there, that also suits my style," he says.
Velazco, a government-employed attorney and ardent5 supporter of Hugo Chavez, sees no contradiction between coveting6 a nice automobile7 while advocating his president's socialist8 ideals.
"Our economy is strong. Praise be to God, our country is moving forward," he says. "Economically we have evolved, thanks to President Chavez. He has transformed the nation."
Hugo Chavez speaks during news conference at Miraflores Palace in Caracas, 30 Nov 2006
Mr. Chavez was similarly upbeat at a recent news conference.
"How our country has changed economically! Today we have one of the most flourishing economies on the planet," he said. "Look at the figures: social investment has risen by more than 40 percent in recent years."
Yet even the president has expressed alarm over rampant9 consumerism in Venezuela, criticizing his country's new-found appetite for imported whiskey.
Noel Alvarez, who heads an association of Venezuelan retailers10, Consecomercio, says the problem is not so much that Venezuelans are spending too much, it is that the country is producing little other than oil.
"In Venezuela we have an economic boom driven by demand [for products], not supply," he says. "People are buying goods and services. The banks are lending money. There is a stimulation11 of consumption. But domestic production capacity has not risen, so there is an imbalance between supply and demand."
Alvarez says government expropriations of privately-held lands and assets, coupled with strong anti-capitalist rhetoric12, have discouraged investment to boost the country's production capacity. As a result, Venezuela is importing vast amounts of goods to satisfy consumer demand, causing oil revenue to flow out of the country almost as fast as it comes in.
Alvaro Brito, former head of Venezuela's largest business association, Fedecamaras, says the trend is not sustainable.
"Looking to the future, we will be in trouble unless the price of oil remains13 eternally high and we increase petroleum14 production each year," he says. "But the next time there is a global recession, demand for oil will fall - and so will prices. That will be catastrophic for Venezuela, because we are overly dependent on oil revenues."
Some economists have warned that Venezuela's consumer over-indulgence will inevitably15 be followed by a national economic hangover.
If a painful adjustment lies ahead, Caracas resident Sergio Schile says the Chavez administration's massive social spending will be to blame.
"If you give money away, it will go toward ends that are not productive," he says. "That is what populism is all about, and it does not bring progress."
Another Caracas resident, Chavez supporter Alberto Izaguirre, sees things differently.
"Our main problem has been that, for 40 years, previous governments did not distribute the wealth," he says. "It has always stayed in the hands of the elite16. Chavez has broken this cycle, and has given everyone a slice of the oil revenue."
Opposition candidate Manuel Rosales with his security walks through supporters after speaking at campaign rally in Caracas, 25 Nov 2006
Sunday, Venezuelans cast ballots17 for president. Challenging Mr. Chavez is Zulia State Governor Manuel Rosales. Rosales has criticized the president's economic policies. But he has not refrained from injecting his own populist proposals, including the direct distribution of Venezuela's oil wealth to the people through government-issued debit18 cards.
"With all our oil wealth, what have the people been given? Bread crumbs19 and table scraps," he said. "But that is going to change. We will distribute oil revenue to its rightful owners: the Venezuelan people."
1 unprecedented | |
adj.无前例的,新奇的 | |
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2 economists | |
n.经济学家,经济专家( economist的名词复数 ) | |
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3 dealership | |
n.商品特许经销处 | |
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4 pickup | |
n.拾起,获得 | |
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5 ardent | |
adj.热情的,热烈的,强烈的,烈性的 | |
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6 coveting | |
v.贪求,觊觎( covet的现在分词 ) | |
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7 automobile | |
n.汽车,机动车 | |
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8 socialist | |
n.社会主义者;adj.社会主义的 | |
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9 rampant | |
adj.(植物)蔓生的;狂暴的,无约束的 | |
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10 retailers | |
零售商,零售店( retailer的名词复数 ) | |
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11 stimulation | |
n.刺激,激励,鼓舞 | |
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12 rhetoric | |
n.修辞学,浮夸之言语 | |
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13 remains | |
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹 | |
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14 petroleum | |
n.原油,石油 | |
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15 inevitably | |
adv.不可避免地;必然发生地 | |
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16 elite | |
n.精英阶层;实力集团;adj.杰出的,卓越的 | |
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17 ballots | |
n.投票表决( ballot的名词复数 );选举;选票;投票总数v.(使)投票表决( ballot的第三人称单数 ) | |
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18 debit | |
n.借方,借项,记人借方的款项 | |
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19 crumbs | |
int. (表示惊讶)哎呀 n. 碎屑 名词crumb的复数形式 | |
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