2006年VOA标准英语-Experts Urge Sanctions Against Khartoum Ov

By Dan Robinson
Capitol Hill
03 May 2006
 
Experts have told U.S. lawmakers the international community needs to act quickly to impose sanctions on Sudan's government in Khartoum in response to the situation in Darfur.

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The debate over Sudan sanctions comes as the United States works on the separate effort to gather enough support at the United Nations for a strong resolution on Iran.

At Tuesday's hearing of the House of Representatives Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats and International Relations,  Congressman¹ Christopher Shays asked:

"Do you believe that in order to achieve our objectives in both Iran and the Sudan that we will need to have a targeted embargo² program?"

"We're at a critical moment with regard to Sudanese sanctions and the ability to send a clear message to the government in Khartoum that the international community now means business, enough is enough," explained George Lopez, a professor at the Joan Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies.

Earlier discussions of Sudan sanctions, says Lopez, allowed the Khartoum government to use the new Comprehensive Peace Agreement for southern Sudan, signed in 2005, as a bargaining chip to avoid punitive³ measures.

Lopez says it should be clear to all that the situation in Darfur is separate from the one in the south, and that the world needs to impose sanctions on Khartoum now.

"Targeted sanctions on the leadership of the Khartoum government and others involved in the genocide are absolutely warranted, but they do not need to be calibrated⁴ contemporaneously with what is going on politically," said Carne Ross, a former British diplomat⁵. "You can't just punish, you also have to encourage a political solution to what is going on in Darfur, but I think they should be threatened with sanctions and if they don't comply those sanctions should be imposed."

Robert Zoellick   
  
The latest U.S. diplomatic efforts on Darfur sent Deputy Secretary of State Robert Zoellick to Abuja, Nigeria trying with British help to salvage⁶ talks involving three Darfur rebel factions⁷ and the Khartoum government on a settlement.

U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, John Bolton referred to these efforts Tuesday.

"There are three possible outcomes to Abuja," said Bolton. "One is a peace agreement that the parties comply with fully⁸. The second is a peace agreement that most comply with but some do not. And the third is either no agreement, or an agreement that everybody signs and nobody complies with."

John Bolton (file photo)  
  
Bolton says what the U.S. and others are able to do regarding the AU peacekeeping operation, its transition to U.N. supervision⁹, and the delivery of humanitarian¹⁰ aid, all depend critically on the outcome.

White House spokesman Scott McClellan told reporters Tuesday that President Bush phoned Sudan's President Omar Bashir, asking him to send Vice¹¹ President Taha, who left Abuja, back to help achieve a final agreement on Darfur.

1 Congressman   

n.（美）国会议员

参考例句：

• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
• The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。

2 embargo   

n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）

参考例句：

• This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
• During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。

3 punitive   

adj.惩罚的，刑罚的

参考例句：

• They took punitive measures against the whole gang.他们对整帮人采取惩罚性措施。
• The punitive tariff was imposed to discourage tire imports from China.该惩罚性关税的征收是用以限制中国轮胎进口的措施。

4 calibrated   

v.校准( calibrate的过去式和过去分词 )；使标准化；使合标准；测量（枪的）口径

参考例句：

• Power pesticide dusters can be calibrated and used to apply pertilizer. 动力杀虫剂可以调整用来施肥。 来自辞典例句
• The flexible diaphragm is connected to a plat cantilever-calibrated spring. 柔韧的膜片一扁平的悬臂校正弹簧相连。 来自辞典例句

5 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

6 salvage   

v.救助，营救，援救；n.救助，营救

参考例句：

• All attempts to salvage the wrecked ship failed.抢救失事船只的一切努力都失败了。
• The salvage was piled upon the pier.抢救出的财产被堆放在码头上。

7 factions   

组织中的小派别，派系( faction的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gens also lives on in the "factions." 氏族此外还继续存在于“factions〔“帮”〕中。 来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
• rival factions within the administration 政府中的对立派别

8 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

9 supervision   

n.监督，管理

参考例句：

• The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
• The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

10 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

11 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。