2006年VOA标准英语-New Study Says Two Related Viruses May be

By Pat Harris
Washington, DC
09 May 2006
 
watch Virus report

 
Marburg Ebola Virus  
  
The Marburg and Ebola viruses have caused fatal outbreaks in Africa for the past four years.  A recent study shows a vaccine¹ from a harmless virus called Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, or VSV, which has been effective against Marburg in animal testing, may be used  to treat Ebola.  VOA's Melinda Smith narrates².

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Marburg and Ebola are related diseases caused by a family of viruses called filoviruses, which trigger hemmorrhagic fever, organ failure and shock.

Fifty to 90 percent of Africans infected with either of these viruses have died.

A study by a group of researchers from the U.S., Canada, and developing countries indicates the vaccine from the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus -- VSV --  may be used to treat a relative of the Marburg virus called Ebola.

 
Peter Jahrling 
  
Dr. Peter Jahrling, Chief Scientist at the National Institute of Allergy³ and Infectious Diseases in Bethesda, Maryland said he was surprised at the results.

"One aspect of this study that we were surprised at was that the vaccine was protective even after exposure to the disease.  Most vaccines⁴ have to be administered weeks to months before exposure as in the childhood vaccines that we all receive.  But this vaccine actually protected after the animals had been exposed to Marburg." 

Both viruses can be transmitted by close contact through sex. People working with corpses⁵ can be infected through abrasions⁶.  There are also other ways the viruses are transmitted. 

 
Brigitte Vasset
  
Dr. Brigitte Vasset, from the organization Doctors Without Borders based in Paris, explains the transmission. "So it's not jumping on you, if I am here I will not get it from you.  But if I'm starting to touch any kind of your body fluids and I have a cut, I can get it."

Dr. Jahrling says VSV isn't the only vaccine that might work against Marburg and Ebola. "There are other vaccines besides the VSV platform, probably the most promising⁷ is the one that's based on Adenovirospectors that were developed here at NIH at the vaccine research center.  Adenoviruses are used for other viral diseases including AIDS and are in an advanced clinical trial, so there's reason to believe that the adenovirospector is as perhaps promising as the VSV."

Researchers say there is no cure for either disease and more safety tests are needed before a human vaccine can be developed. 

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 narrates   

v.故事( narrate的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• It narrates the unconstitutional acts of James II. 它历数了詹姆斯二世的违法行为。 来自辞典例句
• Chapter three narrates the economy activity which Jew return the Occident. 第三章讲述了犹太人重返西欧后的经济活动。 来自互联网

3 allergy   

n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症

参考例句：

• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
• The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。

4 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

5 corpses   

n.死尸，尸体( corpse的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The living soldiers put corpses together and burned them. 活着的战士把尸体放在一起烧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Overhead, grayish-white clouds covered the sky, piling up heavily like decaying corpses. 天上罩满了灰白的薄云，同腐烂的尸体似的沉沉的盖在那里。 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说

6 abrasions   

n.磨损( abrasion的名词复数 )；擦伤处；摩擦；磨蚀（作用）

参考例句：

• He suffered cuts and abrasions to the face. 他的脸上有许多划伤和擦伤。
• The bacteria get into humans through abrasions in the skin. 细菌可以通过擦伤处进入人体。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。