2006年VOA标准英语-Experts Criticize Indonesian Bird Flu Strategie

By Chad Bouchard
Jakarta
19 June 2006

Indonesian health officials say the country must cull¹ more poultry² to curb³ growing numbers of avian influenza⁴ infections. Indonesia has confirmed its 39th human death from bird flu, and outbreaks continue.

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Government agricultural officer gives vaccinates⁵ a chicken in Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia  
  

Health experts at a news briefing in Jakarta Monday criticized Indonesia's strategy of containing avian influenza by vaccinating⁶ poultry.

Since 2003, the H5N1 virus has killed 39 people in Indonesia, one of the highest death tolls⁷ in the world for avian influenza. The number continues to rise, with the country recording⁸ one death every two and half days last month.

Trisatya Naipospos, vice⁹ chair of the National Committee on Bird Flu Control says, with an estimated 300 million backyard chickens in Indonesia, vaccination¹⁰ is too expensive and too slow. She says infected and exposed birds have to be taken out of circulation.

"We have to stop this transmission chain from poultry to human, and there's no other alternative way to do it, unless you kill the chickens," she said.

Stephen Bjorge, a medical officer for the Communicable Disease Section of the World Health Organization, says the culture of keeping backyard birds needs to change, and public education is a key strategy. But he admits it is difficult to convince people that dead and dying chickens are dangerous.

"All their lives, all of their ancestors lives, they have lived with the reality of chickens dying. But the fact is that this virus is something new and different," explained Bjorge. "I'm telling people all the time we're in the 21st century, there are too many humans on earth to live the way our ancestors lived. There has to be some changes."

Bjorge says, in Indonesia, the disease has not only affected¹¹ farming communities and poultry workers as it has elsewhere. He says a quarter of Indonesia's cases have occurred in urban settings.

Indonesia has appealed for $900 million over three years to fight the disease, but donor¹² nations and development organizations have asked for a detailed¹³ plan on how the money will be used.

In response to international pressure and criticism of the country's failure to stop the spread of the virus, the Indonesian government will convene¹⁴ a meeting of more than 40 international avian flu experts on Wednesday.

1 cull   

v.拣选；剔除；n.拣出的东西；剔除

参考例句：

• It is usually good practice to cull the poorest prior to field planting.通常在实践上的好方法是在出圃栽植前挑出最弱的苗木。
• Laura was passing around photographs she'd culled from the albums at home.劳拉正在分发她从家里相册中挑选出的相片。

2 poultry   

n.家禽，禽肉

参考例句：

• There is not much poultry in the shops. 商店里禽肉不太多。
• What do you feed the poultry on? 你们用什么饲料喂养家禽?

3 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

4 influenza   

n.流行性感冒，流感

参考例句：

• They took steps to prevent the spread of influenza.他们采取措施
• Influenza is an infectious disease.流感是一种传染病。

5 vaccinates   

给…接种疫苗( vaccinate的第三人称单数 )； 注射疫苗，接种疫苗

参考例句：

• The coverage rates of BCG,DPT,measles and polio vaccinates are 99 42%,99 79%,99 26%,99 21%,respectively. 1995 年“四苗”单项接种率分别为BCG99.42% 、TOPV99.21% 、DPT99.79% 、MV99.26% , “四苗”全程率98.84% 。

6 vaccinating   

给…接种疫苗( vaccinate的现在分词 )； 注射疫苗，接种疫苗

参考例句：

• At first blush, vaccinating the wolves against rabies seems a simple solution. 乍一看来，为狼群注射防狂犬病疫苗是一种简单的办法。
• Also vaccinating children against misers (measles) has saved many lives. 还有，给儿童进行疫苗接种防止麻疹也挽救了许多生命。

7 tolls   

（缓慢而有规律的）钟声( toll的名词复数 )； 通行费； 损耗； （战争、灾难等造成的）毁坏

参考例句：

• A man collected tolls at the gateway. 一个人在大门口收通行费。
• The long-distance call tolls amount to quite a sum. 长途电话费数目相当可观。

8 recording   

n.录音，记录

参考例句：

• How long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间？
• I want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。

9 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

10 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

11 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

12 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

13 detailed   

adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

14 convene   

v.集合，召集，召唤，聚集，集合

参考例句：

• The Diet will convene at 3p.m. tomorrow.国会将于明天下午三点钟开会。
• Senior officials convened in October 1991 in London.1991年10月，高级官员在伦敦会齐。