2007年VOA标准英语-Leaders Rush to Contain Violence in Chad, Sudan

By Phuong Tran
Dakar
14 April 2007

Tensions remain high after clashes between Chad and Sudan's forces earlier this week when dozens were killed on both sides of the border. Leaders from around the world are stepping forward as peace brokers¹. But analysts³ say politicking⁴ between heads of states will not bring peace as long as rebel groups are sidelined in the peace process.  Phuong Tran has this report from VOA's West and Central Africa bureau in Dakar.

South African President Thabo Mbeki and diplomats⁵ from Libya visited the region soon after Monday's border violence. U.S. diplomats are expected to visit in the coming days.

Dave Mozersky, director of the non-profit conflict resolution organization, International Crisis Group, says these and other peace brokers need to avoid mistakes from previous failed peace deals.

"In order to have a realistic peace process, a chance to really develop broad based support and deal with the root causes of conflict, it cannot be a short three-day or five-day summit," he said.  "The international community needs to undertake a serious long-term political process." 

Last February, Chad and Sudan's presidents signed a peace agreement in Libya promising⁶ not to fight on each other's soil, nor support each other's rebels, but that failed to stop the violence.

Mozersky says one reason is because the agreement was politically unrealistic.

"It is almost inconceivable that either president would be truly willing to do that, for one, and number two, would necessarily have the power to sway their own governments, their own institutions to cut off ties, to cut off support easily," he added.

Mozersky says another flaw is peace deals have not had the full participation⁷ of rebels from both countries. 

"To solve this problem, you do not need an agreement between the countries," he explained.  "You need an agreement between the rebel groups in their respective countries and their governments."

Rebel commander Jar al-Naby was a high school biology teacher until war in North Darfur turned his life upside down

But efforts to engage rebels have been difficult because the groups are fragmented, with multiple opposition⁸ groups, leaders and political agendas.

Analyst² Mozersky says peace brokers need to reach out to both countries' major armed groups in order to create a realistic and lasting⁹ peace deal.

"It would need to be inclusive to be successful," he said.  "It would include Darfur's Arab tribes that were excluded from previous peace agreements. On the other side in Chad, there needs to be a political dialogue between the Chadian rebels and the Chadian government."

Libyan and Eritrean military and security observers were deployed¹⁰ this week at the border between Sudan and Chad, joining African Union peacekeepers. 

Five African Union peacekeepers were killed in ambushes¹¹ at the end of last month near the Chad/Sudan border, strengthening calls for more peacekeepers.

Still under negotiation¹² is the deployment¹³ of U.N. peacekeepers along the border, which both Chad and Sudan have refused.

1 brokers   

n.（股票、外币等）经纪人( broker的名词复数 )；中间人；代理商；（订合同的）中人v.做掮客（或中人等）( broker的第三人称单数 )；作为权力经纪人进行谈判；以中间人等身份安排…

参考例句：

• The firm in question was Alsbery & Co., whiskey brokers. 那家公司叫阿尔斯伯里公司，经销威士忌。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
• From time to time a telephone would ring in the brokers' offices. 那两排经纪人房间里不时响着叮令的电话。 来自子夜部分

2 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

3 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

4 politicking   

n.政治活动，竞选活动v.从政( politic的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• A lot of politicking preceded the choice of the new director. 在选新领导人之前进行了大量的拉拢活动。 来自辞典例句
• This colleague is always politicking. 这位同僚总是忙于政治活动。 来自互联网

5 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

7 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

8 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

9 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。

10 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

11 ambushes   

n.埋伏( ambush的名词复数 )；伏击；埋伏着的人；设埋伏点v.埋伏( ambush的第三人称单数 )；埋伏着

参考例句：

• He was a specialist in ambushes, he said, and explained his tactics. 他说自己是埋伏战斗方面的专家，并讲述了他的战术。 来自互联网
• It makes ambushes rather fun. 它使得埋伏战术非常有趣。 来自互联网

12 negotiation   

n.谈判，协商

参考例句：

• They closed the deal in sugar after a week of negotiation.经过一星期的谈判，他们的食糖生意成交了。
• The negotiation dragged on until July.谈判一直拖到7月份。

13 deployment   

n. 部署,展开

参考例句：

• He has inquired out the deployment of the enemy troops. 他已查出敌军的兵力部署情况。
• Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely used customer-driven quality, design and manufacturing management tool. 质量功能展开(quality function deployment,QFD)是一个广泛应用的顾客需求驱动的设计、制造和质量管理工具。