2007年VOA标准英语-US Officials Say Sudan Sanctions Will Have Seri

By David Gollust
Washington
29 May 2007

Top Bush administration officials said Tuesday President Bush decided¹ to seek new sanctions against Sudan in the face of continued stalling by Khartoum on an upgraded peacekeeping force for Darfur. They say the effect on Sudan's economy of the new U.S. financial penalties will be very serious. VOA's David Gollust reports from the State Department.

John Negroponte

Officials here say the administration was ready to move on the sanctions six weeks ago, but deferred² to U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon who wanted more time for diplomacy³. In a talk with reporters, Deputy Secretary of State John Negroponte said the Sudanese government responded to the opportunity presented by the U.N. chief by stoking more Darfur violence:

"The Sudanese government has shown what it does with more time. According to a United Nations report on May 3, for example, the government of Sudan used Antonov bombers⁴ to attack the village of al-Hash for four hours. This credible⁵ report and many others demonstrates that giving Khartoum more time is not the answer," he said.

The new U.S. economic sanctions target two senior Sudanese government officials, a Darfur rebel leader, 30 companies owned or controlled by the Khartoum government, and one company that violated the U.N. arms embargo⁶ in Darfur by shipping⁷ weapons to the region. Of the 30 companies, five are key players in the country's growing oil and gas industry.

The director of the U.S. Treasury⁸ Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control, Adam Szubin, said it is unclear how many, if any, assets of those companies are held by U.S. banks and are now frozen. But he said, given the United States' pivotal role in the oil and gas industry world-wide, effectively barring those firms from the U.S. financial system will have a severe impact on their operations.

"The impact is not just in terms of what may be in the United States today or what may be sitting in a bank account, but also on transactions that could be coming in tomorrow or the weeks to come. The U.S. financial system is obviously a key node in the international financial system, both in terms of trade and financials transfers. And that fact, that these companies are basically excommunicated from the U.S. financial system, is very serious," he said.

Though it nominally⁹ accepted a new peacekeeping presence for Darfur at an international conference in Addis Ababa last November, officials here say Sudan has used delaying tactics at every turn to block the envisaged¹⁰ "hybrid¹¹" force of United Nations and African Union troops.

The hybrid force of about 23,000 troops is to replace the 7,000 member African Union observer mission in Darfur, which has been in place since late 2004 but has been financially strapped¹² and unable to deter¹³ violence in the vast region.

U.S. special envoy¹⁴ for Sudan Andrew Natsios says that by resisting the two phases of logistical preparations for the new force, Sudan has effectively been blocking U.N. troop recruitment efforts.

Natsios says governments are understandably reluctant to commit forces against the will of the host country. "No country is going to agree to anything under phase three until there is some agreement by the Sudanese government that they're going to allow them in. Once that happens, once the Sudanese government has agreed to the U.N.-AU operational plan under phase three, the hybrid as it's called, then an appeal will go out from the Secretary-General to nations, potential troop contributing countries," he said.

Natsios said President Bush and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice have been canvassing¹⁵ world leaders on contributing forces and that Pakistan, Nigeria, Egypt, Norway and Sweden have expressed a willingness to be part of the "phase-two" deployment¹⁶ of about 3,000 combat engineers, airlift, and other logistical forces.

He said several countries have informally offered to be part of the "phase-three" main deployment including Rwanda which is offering two combat battalions¹⁷. But he said there will be no formal offers until the Khartoum government gives its assent¹⁸ to the entire plan.

Natsios said a U.S. role in the Darfur force, even if U.S. troops were not already committed in Iraq and Afghanistan, would be inadvisable since Sudanese President Omar el-Bashir has used the prospect¹⁹ of western troops in Darfur as a rallying cry against the U.N. plan.

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 deferred   

adj.延期的，缓召的v.拖延，延缓，推迟( defer的过去式和过去分词 )；服从某人的意愿，遵从

参考例句：

• The department deferred the decision for six months. 这个部门推迟了六个月才作决定。
• a tax-deferred savings plan 延税储蓄计划

3 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

4 bombers   

n.轰炸机( bomber的名词复数 )；投弹手；安非他明胶囊；大麻叶香烟

参考例句：

• Enemy bombers carried out a blitz on the city. 敌军轰炸机对这座城市进行了突袭。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The Royal Airforce sill remained dangerously short of bombers. 英国皇家空军仍未脱离极为缺乏轰炸机的危境。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

6 embargo   

n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）

参考例句：

• This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
• During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。

7 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

8 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

9 nominally   

在名义上，表面地； 应名儿

参考例句：

• Dad, nominally a Methodist, entered Churches only for weddings and funerals. 爸名义上是卫理公会教徒，可只去教堂参加婚礼和葬礼。
• The company could not indicate a person even nominally responsible for staff training. 该公司甚至不能指出一个名义上负责职员培训的人。

10 envisaged   

想像，设想( envisage的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He envisaged an old age of loneliness and poverty. 他面对着一个孤独而贫困的晚年。
• Henry Ford envisaged an important future for the motor car. 亨利·福特为汽车设想了一个远大前程。

11 hybrid   

n.(动，植）杂种，混合物

参考例句：

• That is a hybrid perpetual rose.那是一株杂交的四季开花的蔷薇。
• The hybrid was tall,handsome,and intelligent.那混血儿高大、英俊、又聪明。

12 strapped   

adj.用皮带捆住的，用皮带装饰的；身无分文的；缺钱；手头紧v.用皮带捆扎(strap的过去式和过去分词)；用皮带抽打；包扎；给…打绷带

参考例句：

• Make sure that the child is strapped tightly into the buggy. 一定要把孩子牢牢地拴在婴儿车上。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The soldiers' great coats were strapped on their packs. 战士们的厚大衣扎捆在背包上。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

14 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。

15 canvassing   

v.（在政治方面）游说( canvass的现在分词 )；调查（如选举前选民的）意见；为讨论而提出（意见等）；详细检查

参考例句：

• He spent the whole month canvassing for votes. 他花了整整一个月四处游说拉选票。
• I'm canvassing for the Conservative Party. 我在为保守党拉选票。 来自辞典例句

16 deployment   

n. 部署,展开

参考例句：

• He has inquired out the deployment of the enemy troops. 他已查出敌军的兵力部署情况。
• Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely used customer-driven quality, design and manufacturing management tool. 质量功能展开(quality function deployment,QFD)是一个广泛应用的顾客需求驱动的设计、制造和质量管理工具。

17 battalions   

n.（陆军的）一营（大约有一千兵士）( battalion的名词复数 )；协同作战的部队；军队；（组织在一起工作的）队伍

参考例句：

• God is always on the side of the strongest battalions. 上帝总是帮助强者。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Two battalions were disposed for an attack on the air base. 配置两个营的兵力进攻空军基地。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

18 assent   

v.批准，认可；n.批准，认可

参考例句：

• I cannot assent to what you ask.我不能应允你的要求。
• The new bill passed by Parliament has received Royal Assent.议会所通过的新方案已获国王批准。

19 prospect   

n.前景，前途；景色，视野

参考例句：

• This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
• The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。