VOA标准英语2008年-More Displaced Returning to Homes They Fled in

By Lisa Schlein
Geneva
08 June 2008

The International Organization for Migration¹ reports more families displaced by sectarian violence and military operations in Iraq are returning to certain areas of the capital, Baghdad where security has improved over the past few months. But, IOM says these growing numbers still represent a small percentage of the nearly three million Iraqis who remain internally displaced. Lisa Schlein reports for VOA from IOM headquarters in Geneva.

The International Organization for Migration reports more than 4,000 families or some 24,000 people have returned to their former homes in Baghdad's eastern Sadr City in recent weeks. This, despite sporadic⁴ clashes between Iraqi Forces and insurgents⁵.
　

An Iraqi woman carries a crate6 in a market of the Shiite enclave of Sadr City, Baghdad, Iraq, 02 Jun 2008

IOM says most health facilities and schools, as well as some shops, have reopened in Sadr city. It says returns to Baghdad's Rasheed sub-district also are gathering⁷ momentum⁸.

IOM Spokesman, Jean-Philippe Chauzy tells VOA the main reasons families cite for returning home include improved security and reconciliation⁹ among various competing groups, particularly tribal¹⁰ leaders, the Iraq Multi-National Force and local authorities.

But, he warns these returns are very fragile and could be easily reversed.

"Anecdotal evidence shows that families who have returned to their areas of o rigin will only be able to sustain themselves if they get enough assistance," said Chauzy. "What we know from experience is that families who have returned will probably consider displacement¹¹ if they feel that security is not adequate in their area of origin or if they feel that they cannot sustain themselves in their home communities. So, there is a big need at the moment to make sure that those returns are sustainable."

Chauzy says access to basic services remains¹² very difficult for those who have returned home. He says many children cannot go to school because their parents have lost the ration² cards that are needed to enroll¹³ them.

He says many families cannot return to their former homes, either because they were destroyed or are currently occupied by squatters.

Five years after the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, the country continues to face a displacement crisis. More than 2.7 million Iraqis remain homeless.

IOM calls these people the poorest of the poor. It says they lack shelter, do not receive regular food rations³, and have limited access to drinkable water, medicine and education.

1 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。

2 ration   

n.定量(pl.)给养，口粮；vt.定量供应

参考例句：

• The country cut the bread ration last year.那个国家去年削减面包配给量。
• We have to ration the water.我们必须限量用水。

3 rations   

定量( ration的名词复数 )； 配给量； 正常量； 合理的量

参考例句：

• They are provisioned with seven days' rations. 他们得到了7天的给养。
• The soldiers complained that they were getting short rations. 士兵们抱怨他们得到的配给不够数。

4 sporadic   

adj.偶尔发生的 [反]regular；分散的

参考例句：

• The sound of sporadic shooting could still be heard.仍能听见零星的枪声。
• You know this better than I.I received only sporadic news about it.你们比我更清楚，而我听到的只是零星消息。

5 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

6 crate   

vt.(up)把…装入箱中；n.板条箱，装货箱

参考例句：

• We broke open the crate with a blow from the chopper.我们用斧头一敲就打开了板条箱。
• The workers tightly packed the goods in the crate.工人们把货物严紧地包装在箱子里。

7 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

8 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

9 reconciliation   

n.和解，和谐，一致

参考例句：

• He was taken up with the reconciliation of husband and wife.他忙于做夫妻间的调解工作。
• Their handshake appeared to be a gesture of reconciliation.他们的握手似乎是和解的表示。

10 tribal   

adj.部族的，种族的

参考例句：

• He became skilled in several tribal lingoes.他精通几种部族的语言。
• The country was torn apart by fierce tribal hostilities.那个国家被部落间的激烈冲突弄得四分五裂。

11 displacement   

n.移置，取代，位移，排水量

参考例句：

• They said that time is the feeling of spatial displacement.他们说时间是空间位移的感觉。
• The displacement of all my energy into caring for the baby.我所有精力都放在了照顾宝宝上。

12 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

13 enroll   

v.招收；登记；入学；参军；成为会员（英)enrol

参考例句：

• I should like to enroll all my children in the swimming class.我愿意让我的孩子们都参加游泳班。
• They enroll him as a member of the club.他们吸收他为俱乐部会员。