VOA标准英语2010年-WHO: Risk of Epidemics in Haiti Increa

World Health Organization says people are at great risk of getting diarrhea, cholera¹ and other water borne diseases because of the bad sanitary² conditions and contaminated water.

Lisa Schlein | Geneva 30 January 2010 
 A camp of makeshift tents sprawls³ at Port-au-Prince's golf course, where many Haitians displaced by the earthquake have set up shelter, 25 Jan 2010

The World Health Organization says the risk of epidemics⁴ breaking out in earthquake-devastated Haiti is increasing as the rainy season approaches.  WHO says it already is receiving reports of a growing number of cases of diarrhea, measles⁵ and tetanus. 

The World Health Organization says it is worried about an explosion of diseases in Haiti.  It says people are at great risk of getting diarrhea, cholera and other water borne diseases because of the bad sanitary conditions and contaminated water. 

It says contagious⁶ diseases such as measles can spread like wildfire in the overcrowded, squalid resettlement camps. 

WHO spokesman Paul Garwood says U.N. agencies and the Haitian government will conduct a campaign next week to immunize hundreds of thousands of children under age five against measles, tetanus and diphtheria.

He says WHO and other aid agencies will be taking additional measures to try to prevent epidemics from breaking out.

"We are very focused on the fact that the rainy and hurricane seasons are on their way," said Garwood. "In response to that, measures that we can take include working with partners such as UNICEF." 

"The distribution of clean drinking water to as many people as possible, ensuring that sanitation⁷ and hygiene⁸ standards are high, particularly in areas where people are living temporarily, establishing early warning systems for disease outbreaks and reports of suspected diseases.  This enables up to quickly respond to pockets of suspected cases and to try and bring them under control," he added. 

Garwood says there is a critical need for surgeons.  He says there are more than 2,000 amputee cases in Haiti as a result of the injuries sustained in the earthquake. 

At present, he says an estimated 30 to 100 amputations are being carried out every day.  And, it is likely that number will grow.

"Crutches⁹ are in very high demand," said the spokesman. "Other critical needs are specialists in orthopedic and internal medicine and X-ray equipment.  We also see that post-operation medical supplies and antibiotics¹⁰ remain a key need." 

Garwood says the number of trauma¹¹ cases is declining, but there has been an increase in mental health needs.  Unsurprisingly, he says many people are traumatized by the horrible events they've experienced.

He says two WHO mental health specialists will be arriving in Haiti in the coming days to begin an assessment¹².

 

1 cholera   

n.霍乱

参考例句：

• The cholera outbreak has been contained.霍乱的发生已被控制住了。
• Cholera spread like wildfire through the camps.霍乱在营地里迅速传播。

2 sanitary   

adj.卫生方面的，卫生的，清洁的，卫生的

参考例句：

• It's not sanitary to let flies come near food.让苍蝇接近食物是不卫生的。
• The sanitary conditions in this restaurant are abominable.这家饭馆的卫生状况糟透了。

3 sprawls   

n.（城市）杂乱无序拓展的地区( sprawl的名词复数 )；随意扩展；蔓延物v.伸开四肢坐[躺]( sprawl的第三人称单数 )；蔓延；杂乱无序地拓展；四肢伸展坐着（或躺着）

参考例句：

• The city sprawls out to the west, north and south. 该市向西、北、南方不规则地扩张[延伸]。 来自互联网
• Explanation: Our magnificent Milky Way Galaxy sprawls across this ambitious all-sky panorama. 说明：我们宏伟的银河系蜿蜒穿过这幅高企图心之全天影像。 来自互联网

4 epidemics   

n．流行病

参考例句：

• Reliance upon natural epidemics may be both time-consuming and misleading. 依靠天然的流行既浪费时间，又会引入歧途。
• The antibiotic epidemics usually start stop when the summer rainy season begins. 传染病通常会在夏天的雨季停止传播。

5 measles   

n.麻疹，风疹，包虫病，痧子

参考例句：

• The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
• The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。

6 contagious   

adj.传染性的，有感染力的

参考例句：

• It's a highly contagious infection.这种病极易传染。
• He's got a contagious laugh.他的笑富有感染力。

7 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

8 hygiene   

n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic）

参考例句：

• Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
• He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。

9 crutches   

n.拐杖, 支柱 v.支撑

参考例句：

• After the accident I spent six months on crutches . 事故后我用了六个月的腋杖。
• When he broke his leg he had to walk on crutches. 他腿摔断了以后，不得不靠拐杖走路。

10 antibiotics   

n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
• The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。

11 trauma   

n.外伤，精神创伤

参考例句：

• Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。
• The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。

12 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？