VOA标准英语2010-Large Amounts of Added Sugars Increase Ri

"The highest consuming group consumed an average of 46 teaspoons¹ of sugar of added sugars"

A new report by an industry analyst² says global sugar consumption will reach 176 million tons by 2015. That's about 20 percent more than the estimated sugar consumption for 2010. Given the link between sugar and heart disease, the increase is significant.

Studies show that global sugar consumption has risen dramatically from 11 million tons in 1900 to about 145 million tons today.

Analysts³ attribute the growth to population increases and greater wealth.

What used to be a rare food additive⁴ is now a staple⁵. High fructose corn syrup⁶ and other forms of sugar are routinely added to processed food and many beverages⁷.

The study included all added sugar, even the sugar people add to their coffee.

While this may be good for the sugar industry, it is not good for the heart.

Dr. Miriam Vos and public health nurse Jean Welsh at Emory University collaborated⁸ in a study that shows eating a lot of sugar can increase your cholesterol⁹ and triglycerides which make up body fat also known as lipids. And that increases the risk for heart disease. "Just like eating a high fat diet can increase your levels of triglycerides and cholesterol, eating sugar can also affect those same lipids," she said.

The researchers studied US government nutritional¹⁰ data and fat levels in the blood in more than 6,000 adults for at least six years.

The participants were divided into five groups according to the amount of sugar and sugar-based sweeteners they consumed daily. "The highest consuming group consumed an average of 46 teaspoons of sugar of added sugars. The lowest consuming group consumed only about on average three teaspoons," Welsh said.

"We found that people who consumed more added sugar are more likely to have high cardiovascular disease risk factors," said Dr. Vos.

Like declining HDL or "good" cholesterol. They found that high sugar consumption negatively affected¹¹ HDL. HDL improves heart health and doctors want to see high HDL numbers. 

"One of the things that this study was really helpful to show is that the amount of added sugar, as it increases, the triglycerides go up and the HDL goes down," said Dr. Vos.

The researchers found that HDL levels in those who consumed the most sugar were 20 percent lower than those who consumed the least amount.

The researchers say if people want to avoid heart disease, they should be more aware of how much sugar is in their food, and reduce it, if need be.

The American Heart Association says most American women should not consume more than 100 calories of added sugars per day; most men, no more than 150 calories.

It also warns that soft drinks and other sugar-sweetened beverages are the number one source of added sugars in the American diet.

The study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association
 

1 teaspoons   

n.茶匙( teaspoon的名词复数 )；一茶匙的量

参考例句：

• Add two teaspoons of salt. 加两小匙盐。
• Add 3 heaped teaspoons of sugar. 加满满的三匙糖。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

3 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

4 additive   

adj.附加的；n.添加剂

参考例句：

• Colour is often an additive in foods.颜料经常是各种食物中的添加物。
• Strict safety tests are carried out on food additives.对食品添加剂进行了严格的安全检测。

5 staple   

n.主要产物，常用品，主要要素，原料，订书钉，钩环；adj.主要的，重要的；vt.分类

参考例句：

• Tea is the staple crop here.本地产品以茶叶为大宗。
• Potatoes are the staple of their diet.土豆是他们的主要食品。

6 syrup   

n.糖浆，糖水

参考例句：

• I skimmed the foam from the boiling syrup.我撇去了煮沸糖浆上的泡沫。
• Tinned fruit usually has a lot of syrup with it.罐头水果通常都有许多糖浆。

7 beverages   

n.饮料( beverage的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• laws governing the sale of alcoholic beverages 控制酒类销售的法规
• regulations governing the sale of alcoholic beverages 含酒精饮料的销售管理条例

8 collaborated   

合作( collaborate的过去式和过去分词 )； 勾结叛国

参考例句：

• We have collaborated on many projects over the years. 这些年来我们合作搞了许多项目。
• We have collaborated closely with the university on this project. 我们与大学在这个专案上紧密合作。

9 cholesterol   

n.（U）胆固醇

参考例句：

• There is cholesterol in the cell of body.人体细胞里有胆固醇。
• They are determining the serum-protein and cholesterol levels.他们正在测定血清蛋白和胆固醇的浓度。

10 nutritional   

adj.营养的，滋养的

参考例句：

• A diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。
• The labels on food products give a lot of information about their nutritional content.食品上的标签提供很多关于营养成分的信息。

11 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。