VOA标准英语2011--Europe Re-Examines Extreme Right Groups

Europe Re-Examines Extreme Right Groups After Norway Massacre¹

A terror attack in Norway last week, which was carried out by an extreme right-wing Norwegian man, has raised questions about security threats in Europe. Is the perceived threat from Islamic extremism has overshadowed security threats from the extreme left and right?
Non-Islamist threats
After last week's attack in Norway, the European Union's criminal intelligence agency Europol said it would set up a team of experts to investigate non-Islamist threats in Scandinavian countries. It said that task force may in the future stretch to a larger range of European nations.
Blanka Kolenikova, a Europe analyst² at IHS Global Insight in London, says expanding the focus of security reviews may be useful.
"It can be said that maybe that there is a feel that the threat of Islamic extremism was recently in the center of the attention and maybe other forms of extremism, like this far right extremism, has slipped from the radar³ of the security agencies," Kolenikova said.
In a report this year Europol said there were no European right-wing terror attacks in 2010. It said extreme left wing groups carried out 45 attacks.
The overall view was that right-wing groups didn't have cohesion⁴ or public support. But it did say those on the right were increasingly active on the web.
Kolenikova says right-wing groups are becoming more professional.
"There will always be sympathizers of this ideology⁵ and some recent reports also say these far right groups are getting more sophisticated," Kolenikova added. "So yes indeed there is a level of threat that these groups could pose."
Manifesto⁶ posted online
Anders Behring Breivik has admitted to carrying out a deadly bomb attack in downtown Oslo and shooting dead dozens more on a nearby island.
Before carrying out the attack on July 22, Breivik appears to have posted a 1500-page 'manifesto' online. Political experts say that the views expressed are consistent with many on the extreme right. One of his main grievances⁷ appears to be against Muslim immigration to Europe.
Police in Norway say they believe he acted alone although they are investigating his claim to have links with other cells.
Security threat
Nigel Inkster is Director of Transnational Threats and Political Risk at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in Britain.
He says Islamic terrorism is the most serious threat to European security and is more difficult to trace. However, he notes that right wing extremists are relatively⁸ easy to track. For that reason, he says, at least in Britain, it's a job for the police rather than the security forces.
"These groups are not that difficult a security challenge, they are relatively easy to infiltrate⁹ and do not require the sophisticated, high end techniques that the security service would typically deploy¹⁰ so I think that's fair enough," Inkster said.
He says in Britain the threat posed by the extreme right normally does not come in the form of a major terror attack.
"I think most of the violence that we have seen from extreme right wing groups has been of a more, if you will, casual, street variety targeted against demonstrations¹¹ by immigrant groups or simple attacks on immigrants," Inkster added.
Some British mosques¹² say they are boosting their security following the attack in Norway.

1 massacre   

n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀

参考例句：

• There was a terrible massacre of villagers here during the war.在战争中，这里的村民惨遭屠杀。
• If we forget the massacre,the massacre will happen again!忘记了大屠杀，大屠杀就有可能再次发生！

2 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

3 radar   

n.雷达，无线电探测器

参考例句：

• They are following the flight of an aircraft by radar.他们正在用雷达追踪一架飞机的飞行。
• Enemy ships were detected on the radar.敌舰的影像已显现在雷达上。

4 cohesion   

n.团结，凝结力

参考例句：

• I had to bring some cohesion into the company.我得使整个公司恢复凝聚力。
• The power of culture is deeply rooted in the vitality,creativity and cohesion of a nation. 文化的力量，深深熔铸在民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力之中。

5 ideology   

n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识

参考例句：

• The ideology has great influence in the world.这种思想体系在世界上有很大的影响。
• The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration.我的理想是在意识思想和灵感鼓动之间找到一个折衷。

6 manifesto   

n.宣言，声明

参考例句：

• I was involved in the preparation of Labour's manifesto.我参与了工党宣言的起草工作。
• His manifesto promised measures to protect them.他在宣言里保证要为他们采取保护措施。

7 grievances   

n.委屈( grievance的名词复数 )；苦衷；不满；牢骚

参考例句：

• The trade union leader spoke about the grievances of the workers. 工会领袖述说工人们的苦情。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• He gave air to his grievances. 他申诉了他的冤情。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

9 infiltrate   

vt./vi.渗入，透过；浸润

参考例句：

• The teacher tried to infiltrate her ideas into the children's minds.老师设法把她的思想渗透到孩子们的心中。
• It can infiltrate as much as 100 kilometers into enemy territory at night.可以在夜间深入敌领土100千米。

10 deploy   

v.（军）散开成战斗队形，布置，展开

参考例句：

• The infantry began to deploy at dawn.步兵黎明时开始进入战斗位置。
• The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops.总统称并不打算部署地面部队。

11 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

12 mosques   

清真寺； 伊斯兰教寺院，清真寺； 清真寺，伊斯兰教寺院( mosque的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Why make us believe that this tunnel runs underneath the mosques? 为什么要让我们相信这条隧洞是在清真寺下？
• The city's three biggest mosques, long fallen into disrepair, have been renovated. 城里最大的三座清真寺，过去年久失修，现在已经修复。