VOA常速英语2013--伊朗核协议下阶段谈判倍加艰巨

 

Iran Accord Was Hard, But Next Phase Will Be Harder 伊朗核协议下阶段谈判倍加艰巨

GENEVA — With the first stage agreement to limit Iran's nuclear program finally achieved after a decade of dispute, diplomats¹ will have little time to rest. They are on a six-month clock to reach a comprehensive agreement, a task they acknowledge will likely be even more difficult than reaching the interim² accord.

限制伊朗核计划的第一阶段协议历经十年争执之后终于达成，但外交官们几乎没有时间停歇。他们只有六个月时间来达成一项全面协议，他们承认这个任务可能会比达成一项临时协议更加困难。

It was a triumphant³ moment for the foreign ministers of Iran and the six-nation U.N. contact group, well after three in the morning on Sunday. But their hard-won moment of satisfaction won't last long. Even more difficult issues lie ahead, including permanent, verifiable limits on Iran's nuclear program and the potential lifting of all nuclear-related sanctions.

对于伊朗与联合国六国联络小组国家的外长们来说，这是一个胜利的时刻，此时早已过了星期日凌晨三点。不过，他们这来之不易的满意时刻不会持续很久。更棘手的问题摆在前面，其中包括对伊朗核计划永久、可验证的限制以及与核有关的所有制裁的可能解除。

In spite of the show of camaraderie⁴, there is still a serious shortage of trust, and skeptics in the West, the Gulf⁵, Israel and elsewhere worry that with some relief from the sanctions in hand, Iran won't go any further.

尽管这种友好气氛显示出来，而在西方仍然有严重的信任不足，波斯湾、以色列和其他地方的怀疑论者担心，那些制裁一旦缓解，伊朗就会丝毫不肯再往前走。

From the Maplecroft risk assessment⁶ firm in Britain, Torbjorn Soltvedt told VOA that with sanctions being slightly eased, some countries could try to get around what's left.

英国梅普尔克罗夫特风险评估公司的索尔特维特（Torbjorn Soltvedt）通过Skype告诉美国之音，随着制裁稍稍放缓，一些国家可能会试图绕过余下的制裁。

“It is then clearly quite possible that the sanctions regime will erode⁷ and that Iran will play a long game and essentially⁸ advance the nuclear program so as to close the gap between a latent capability⁹ and a full blown nuclear breakout,” said Soltvedt.

他说：“那么，显然很可能的是制裁制度将会削弱，伊朗将玩一个持久的游戏，实质上推进核计划，以便拉近潜在能力和完全成熟的核突破之间的差距。

But U.S. officials say that won't be so easy, with strong enforcement still in place, along with the most damaging of the sanctions.

不过，美国官员说，那不会这样容易，由于仍然存在强大的执行力，以及最具破坏性的制裁。

Iran analyst¹⁰ Ali Vaez of the International Crisis Group agrees.

国际危机研究组织的伊朗事务分析员阿里.瓦埃兹表示同意。

“The most important part of the sanctions regime, the crown jewels, which are the oil and financial sanctions, will remain in place. And therefore Iran will have the motivation to come back and negotiate the comprehensive agreement, which is much more difficult to negotiate and would require much more painful concessions,” said Vaez.

他说：“制裁制度的最重要部分，王牌制裁手段，也就是石油和金融制裁仍会照旧存在。因此，伊朗将会有回来洽谈全面合作协议的动机，那是更为困难的谈判，并需要更痛苦的让步。

Indeed, the impact of the sanctions on ordinary Iranians is believed to be what propelled the relatively¹¹ moderate candidate, Hassan Rouhani, to the presidency¹² in last May's election, making this accord possible.

事实上，制裁对普通伊朗人的影响被认为在今年5月大选中促使相对温和的候选人哈桑.鲁哈尼当选总统，从而使这个协议成为可能。

The former British ambassador to Iran, Richard Dalton, believes Iranian officials, including Supreme¹³ Leader Ayatollah Ali Khameini, have made a strategic decision to do what is necessary to put the nuclear dispute, and the economic sanctions, behind them.

前英国驻伊朗大使理查德.道尔顿认为伊朗官员，其中包括最高领袖阿亚图拉·阿里· 哈梅内伊，已经作出战略决策，采取必要行动摆脱核争端和经济制裁。

“They will not be saying to themselves, 'We just have to sit this one out and we will emerge with an economy that can trade with the rest of the world freely.' I believe they will go all out in this six-month period to achieve a comprehensive agreement,” said Dalton.

道尔顿通过Skype说：“他们不会对自己说，‘我们只需要坐下来完成这一轮谈判，我们就有了可以跟世界其他地区自由贸易的经济了。’ 我相信他们会在这六个月期间全力以赴达成一项全面协议。“

But that doesn't mean it will be easy. Iran will be asked to give up much of the nuclear fuel enrichment program it has built over many years at great expense, and to allow intrusive¹⁴ inspections¹⁵ to prove it is not secretly trying to build a nuclear bomb.

但是，这并不意味着事情会很容易。伊朗将被要求放弃很大一部分核燃料浓缩项目，这些项目已经兴建多年，代价巨大，并且要允许不宣而至的随时检查，以证明它没有试图秘密制造核弹。

There will likely be many more long days and nights of negotiations¹⁶ as the six-month deadline approaches.

在六个月期限临近的时候，很可能会有更多夜以继日的谈判。

1 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

3 triumphant   

adj.胜利的，成功的；狂欢的，喜悦的

参考例句：

• The army made a triumphant entry into the enemy's capital.部队胜利地进入了敌方首都。
• There was a positively triumphant note in her voice.她的声音里带有一种极为得意的语气。

4 camaraderie   

n.同志之爱，友情

参考例句：

• The camaraderie among fellow employees made the tedious work just bearable.同事之间的情谊使枯燥乏味的工作变得还能忍受。
• Some bosses are formal and have occasional interactions,while others prefer continual camaraderie.有些老板很刻板，偶尔才和下属互动一下；有些则喜欢和下属打成一片。

5 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

6 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

7 erode   

v.侵蚀，腐蚀，使...减少、减弱或消失

参考例句：

• Once exposed,soil is quickly eroded by wind and rain.一旦暴露在外，土壤很快就会被风雨侵蚀。
• Competition in the financial marketplace has eroded profits.金融市场的竞争降低了利润。

8 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

9 capability   

n.能力；才能；(pl)可发展的能力或特性等

参考例句：

• She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
• Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。

10 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

11 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

12 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

13 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

14 intrusive   

adj.打搅的；侵扰的

参考例句：

• The cameras were not an intrusive presence.那些摄像机的存在并不令人反感。
• Staffs are courteous but never intrusive.员工谦恭有礼却从不让人感到唐突。

15 inspections   

n.检查( inspection的名词复数 )；检验；视察；检阅

参考例句：

• Regular inspections are carried out at the prison. 经常有人来视察这座监狱。
• Government inspections ensure a high degree of uniformity in the standard of service. 政府检查确保了在服务标准方面的高度一致。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。