VOA常速英语2013--肯尼亚医生希望到2020年消除沙眼

 

Kenyan Doctors Work to Eliminate Trachoma by 2020 肯尼亚医生希望到2020年消除沙眼

KAJIADO, KENYA — Health workers in Kenya say more than 60,000 people are living with trachoma, an infectious eye disease that causes blindness if not treated early.  Medical professionals are working in a remote village to bring an outbreak of the disease under control.

In this remote rural district in southern Kenya, a local trachoma monitor teaches a group of women how to prevent the eye disease and also how and where to get treatment.

在肯尼亚南部的这个偏远农村地区,一位当地沙眼检测者正在教一群妇女如何预防眼部疾病以及如何以及在哪里能够接受治疗。

Lester Mortai is well known in this area for his work fighting trachoma.

莱斯特·莫塔里因为在该地区专门从事防治沙眼工作而被众人皆知。

He frequently travels through villages, advising people on the best ways to avoid getting the painful disease.

他经常来往于各个村庄,给人们提供建议避免患上这种痛苦疾病的最好方法。

“I do visit homesteads and tell people to how to prevent diseases by having their own initiative, to have that facial cleanliness those without trachoma and even those with trachoma," said Mortai.

“我走访农舍,告诉人们如何通过自己主动预防疾病,让无沙眼或甚至那些有沙眼的病人保持面部清洁。”莫塔里说道。

Trachoma is caused by bacteria and is transmitted by contact with eye or nose discharged of an infected person.

沙眼是由细菌引起,受感染的人通过眼部接触或鼻子排放传播。

In developing countries, flies are a major source of transmission.

在发展中国家,苍蝇是传播的主要来源。

The African Medical and Research Foundation (AMREF) says more than 7,000 people in Kajiado suffer from trachoma-which is typical in this type of poor pastoral community.

非洲医学和研究基金会(AMREF)表示卡贾多有超过7000人患有沙眼—在这样的贫困田园社区是非常典型的。

It characterized by painful eyelid¹ swelling² and scarring of the outer surface of the eye, the cornea.

这种疾病的明显特征是痛苦的眼睑肿胀和角膜外的疤痕。

Ngeyan Nge is a trachoma sufferer with an advanced stage of the disease.

纳格燕·纳格是沙眼晚期的疾病患者。

To avoid blindness, Nge will undergo surgery.

为了避免失明,纳格将接受手术。

“I am hopeful about the future, even though in the beginning I was opposed to the surgery.

“我对未来充满希望,虽然一开始我是反对手术。

I have changed my mind, after continuous advice from people," said Nge.

但在人们连续不断的建议后我终于改变了注意。”纳格说道。

John Soine, with AMREF, travels to remote areas of Kenya to operate on those with serious cases of trachoma like Nge's.

而AMREF的约翰·索尼前往肯尼亚偏远地区为像纳格这样严重的沙眼患者实施手术。

“If these people with active infections are not treated, they end up developing complications whereby the eyelashes start facing inwards and start rubbing on the eye ball.

“如果这些主动感染的患者没有得到治疗,他们最终会发展成并发症,睫毛开始向内并摩擦眼球。

And at this stage one may lose vision.

而到达这一阶段可能会失去视力。

And the loss of vision in trachoma is irreversible," said Soine.

沙眼中的的视力丧失是不可逆转的。”索尼说道。

Kadogo Salaash had almost lost her vision to the disease more than five years ago.

卡多格·萨拉什五年多前因为沙眼几乎失去了她的视力。

She too was initially³ doubtful surgery could help her.

她最初怀疑手术是否可以帮助到自己。

“When I decided⁴ to go for the eye surgery, I was worried and uncomfortable, I thought after the surgery I would not see again.

“当我决定进行眼部手术,我很担心并且感到不舒服,我想手术后自己再也看不见了。

But now it's the opposite; I am confident, happy and I can do my work well," said Salaash.

但现在恰恰相反;我很自信而且快乐，我可以做好我的工作,”萨拉什说道。

With this kind of medical assistance and campaigns at educate schools and poorer communities, Kenyan medical officials hope to reduce trachoma prevalence to under 10 percent and eventually eliminate it entirely⁵ by 2020.

有了这种医疗援助，教育学校及贫困社区的活动,肯尼亚医学官员希望沙眼感染率降低到10%以下,最终在2020年完全消除这种疾病。

1 eyelid   

n.眼睑，眼皮

参考例句：

• She lifted one eyelid to see what he was doing.她抬起一只眼皮看看他在做什么。
• My eyelid has been tumid since yesterday.从昨天起，我的眼皮就肿了。

2 swelling   

n.肿胀

参考例句：

• Use ice to reduce the swelling. 用冰敷消肿。
• There is a marked swelling of the lymph nodes. 淋巴结处有明显的肿块。

3 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

4 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

5 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。