VOA常速英语2014--缅甸外国投资区引燃对土地侵占的愤怒

 

Myanmar Foreign Investment Zone Sparks Land Grab Outrage¹ 缅甸外国投资区引燃对土地侵占的愤怒

YANGON, MYANMAR— 

As Myanmar’s real estate market booms, there are increasing complaints of land confiscation² from people who say they are being illegally evicted³ from their property and cut out of huge profits. An industrial development zone just outside of the city has become a flashpoint.

缅甸仰光— 随着缅甸房地产市场日渐繁荣，有关土地征用的控诉也越来越多。提出控诉的人们说，他们被非法夺走土地，巨大的利润和他们毫不沾边。美国之音记者桑福德从仰光报道说，仰光市附近的一个工业开发区也是争议的焦点。

Signs of development in Yangon affirm the government’s aim of opening the country to international business.

仰光的开发印证了政府将国家向国际企业开放的目标。

But around the Thilawa Special Economic zone, a joint⁴ Myanmar, also known as Burma, - Japan project for foreign manufacturers, there is controversy⁵.

但是在这个由缅甸和日本共同开发的面向外国制造商的迪拉瓦经济特区，存在着争议。

Thousands of locals say the military began illegally confiscating⁶ their land deeds more than 20 years ago, and now that it has become valuable they are being evicted.

数千名当地人说，军方在20多年前开始没收他们的地契，现在这些土地已经变得很有价值，而他们却被赶了出来。

Saw Min is among a group of villagers who say they had more than 320 hectares of farmland taken by the military.

一些村民说，他们有320多公顷农田被军队夺去。

Her family was forced to re-locate to a small hut opposite her property, which is now becoming a multi-million dollar condo complex.  With nowhere else to go, she is trying all legal options to try to get compensated⁷.

苏敏（Saw Min）一家她们家被强迫搬到她家农田对面的一个茅屋，而她们原本的土地上现在建起了一个价值几百万美元的公寓大楼。她没有别的地方可去，于是尝试所有的法律手段，以期获得补偿。

"They claimed that we didn't have a legal ownership of lands and they forced us to leave here by giving orders and warning notices," she explained. "I cannot move from here as I don't have an other place to move in. Now, we keep defending our lands by showing ownership documents and sending letter to U Shwe Mann [Chairman of Parliament]."

 她说， “他们声称我们没有这些土地的法定所有权，用下达命令和警告通知的方式来强迫我们离开这里。我不能从这里搬走，因为我没有别的地方可去。现在，我们通过出示所有权文件和向议长吴瑞曼（U Shwe Mann）写信的方式来坚持捍卫我们的土地。”

The story is the same with thousands of others.

 还有成千上万的人也面临着同苏敏一样的遭遇。

President Thein Sein has pledged investigations⁹ into all land grab accusations¹⁰, but many rights groups say the government efforts fall short. They are calling on foreign companies investing in developments in Myanmar to do a better job of determining the legal authority for land purchases.

 总统登盛承诺要针对所有的土地侵占投诉案进行调查。但是很多人权组织说，政府的努力是不够的。他们呼吁那些投资于缅甸开发项目的外国公司要搞清楚谁才是土地的所有者。

In the meantime, the property laws are in flux¹¹, and the future remains¹² uncertain for those like Tamya Tay who have been displaced by the building boom.

 与此同时，缅甸的物权法尚处在变化之中，对于那些像泰坦亚（Tamya Tay）一样被建设热潮弄得流离失所的人来说，未来依然存在很多不确定性。

 "If I don't get a compensation, I don't know how to claim for it. I don't have a husband, I also don't understand much about laws and my legal rights. I hope that I will get a compensation when other neighbors get it," she stated.

  泰坦亚说，“如果我得不到补偿，我也不知道该怎么去争取。我没有丈夫，对于法律和自己的合法权利懂的也不多。我希望，当其他邻居都得到补偿的时候我也能得到。”

Community leader Makon Suha, who says he lost nearly 20 hectares of land to the economic zone, is pushing to have a member of parliament take up their complaints with the Farmlands Investigation⁸ Committee.

 社区领导人玛昆苏哈（Makon Suha）说，他因为建设这个经济特区而损失了近20公顷土地，他正在争取一位议员使农田调查委员会受理他们的投诉。

But despite the president’s promises of compensation, locals say they are still pessimistic that they will be compensated for the land they farmed for decades.

 尽管总统承诺会给他们补偿，但是当地居民说，他们对于能否为失去耕种了几十年的土地而得到补偿感到悲观。

"I don't understand about laws, land rights and leasehold¹³ rights, that's why, they are cheating on us as they wish. We, all Myanmar ordinary people, are suffering a lot. Only cronies of military junta¹⁴ are having good opportunities here," Makon Suha said.

 玛昆苏哈说， “我不懂法律，也不懂土地所有权和租赁权，所以他们才能任意欺骗我们。我们所有的缅甸普通人都遭受了很大损失。只有和军政府关系密切的人才能获得好的机会。”

With development and foreign investment rapidly advancing in Myanmar, the land grab cases are a test for whether the country’s economic policies are lifting many people’s incomes, or just a few.

 在开发项目和外国投资迅速发展的步伐中，土地侵占案例是一块试金石，将测试出缅甸的经济政策到底是提升了多数民众的收入还是只有利于一小部分人。

1 outrage   

n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒

参考例句：

• When he heard the news he reacted with a sense of outrage.他得悉此事时义愤填膺。
• We should never forget the outrage committed by the Japanese invaders.我们永远都不应该忘记日本侵略者犯下的暴行。

2 confiscation   

n. 没收, 充公, 征收

参考例句：

• Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels. 没收一切流亡分子和叛乱分子的财产。 来自英汉非文学 - 共产党宣言
• Confiscation of smuggled property is part of the penalty for certain offences. 没收走私财产是对某些犯罪予以惩罚的一部分。

3 evicted   

v.（依法从房屋里或土地上）驱逐，赶出( evict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• A number of tenants have been evicted for not paying the rent. 许多房客因不付房租被赶了出来。
• They had evicted their tenants for non-payment of rent. 他们赶走了未交房租的房客。

4 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

5 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

6 confiscating   

没收（confiscate的现在分词形式）

参考例句：

• There was Mame by my side confiscating my intellects and attention. 有玛米坐在我身边，害得我心不在焉。
• Intimidate book sellers by confiscating books deemed unfavourable to the Barisan government. 充公被视为对国阵不利的书籍，威胁书商。

7 compensated   

补偿，报酬( compensate的过去式和过去分词 )； 给（某人）赔偿（或赔款）

参考例句：

• The marvelous acting compensated for the play's weak script. 本剧的精彩表演弥补了剧本的不足。
• I compensated his loss with money. 我赔偿他经济损失。

8 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

9 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

10 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

11 flux   

n.流动；不断的改变

参考例句：

• The market is in a constant state of flux.市场行情在不断变化。
• In most reactors,there is a significant flux of fast neutrons.在大部分反应堆中都有一定强度的快中子流。

12 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

13 leasehold   

n.租赁，租约，租赁权，租赁期，adj.租(来)的

参考例句：

• This paper discusses the land leasehold institution of China in four parts.本文论述了我国的土地批租制度及其改革。
• Absolute title also exists to leasehold land,giving the proprietor a guaranteed valid lease.租借土地也享有绝对所有权，它给予物主一个有担保的有效租借权。

14 junta   

n.团体；政务审议会

参考例句：

• The junta reacted violently to the perceived threat to its authority.军政府感到自身权力受威胁而进行了激烈反击。
• A military junta took control of the country.一个军政权控制了国家。