VOA常速英语2014--新疟疾疫苗挽救肯尼亚人民性命

 

New Malaria¹ Vaccine² Shows Promise in Kenya 新疟疾疫苗挽救肯尼亚人民性命

NAIROBI— 

Malaria control efforts currently depend mostly on things like chemically-treated mosquito nets and spraying against the disease-carrying insects.  But scientists in Kenya say that next year, a new malaria vaccine will be available that could add an important component³ to malaria control and potentially eradicate⁴ the disease. 

Malaria kills more than 500,000 people a year worldwide, and causes illness in millions more, most of them children living in sub-Saharan Africa.

疟疾每年造成全球超过500000人死亡,并导致数百万人身染疾病,其中大部分是生活在非洲地区撒哈拉以南的儿童。

A third of all patients in Kenya's third-largest city, Kisumu, and its environs suffer from malaria.

而其中三分之一的病人都是在肯尼亚第三大城市克斯姆地区及周边地区饱受疟疾困扰。

Although existing interventions⁵ have helped to reduce the disease over the past decade, scientists in this lab in western Kenya are working on a vaccine-with the help of Britain's GlaxoSmithKline and other partners-that could add an important component to malaria control.

虽然现有的干预措施已经使得过去的10年中疟疾发病减少,但肯尼亚西部这个实验室的科学家们正致力于一种疫苗的研究，在英国葛兰素史克公司和其他合作伙伴的帮助下，这种疫苗对于疟疾控制方面起着不可或缺的作用。

Scientist say vaccinating⁶ people, especially young children, is the key to eradicating⁷ the disease.

科学家们表示人们接种疫苗,尤其是年幼的孩子，是根除该疾病的关键。

Dr. Martina Oneko helped to carry out the vaccination⁸ process in rural western Kenya.

玛蒂娜·奥内克博士帮助在肯尼亚西部农村开展疫苗接种过程。

"We saw a very good success of the vaccine resulting in health improvements in these children. They were just not sick as their counterparts in the community who were not vaccinated⁹. The overall vaccine efficacy in the older age group for all the sites was 47 percent and in the younger age it was 27 percent."

“我们看到了疫苗在改善这些孩子健康方面非常成功的效果。相比社区没接种的孩子，他们没有病发情况。在老年人群中整体疫苗功效为47%,年轻人则是27%。”

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The RTS vaccine prevents the malaria parasite¹⁰ from infecting, maturing and multiplying in the liver, from which it normally re-enters the blood and infects red blood cells, leading to the disease.

这种RTS疫苗能够防止肝脏内的疟原虫感染,变成熟及增加,它通常会再次进入血液及感染红细胞,导致疾病。

Some residents have welcomed the initiative.

一些居民对此表示欢迎。

"Pregnant mothers and even children, unborn babies, they've been dying because of malaria, so I think with the introduction of that vaccine will save many young lives."

“孕妇,甚至孩子,还有未出生的婴儿,他们已经因疟疾而死亡,所以我认为接种疫苗能够挽救许多年轻的生命。”

Mercy Adhiambo added, "Even me, I will use it, even my family will use it and we accept it."

莫西·阿德姆博补充道:“甚至是我也得进行接种,我的家人也会接种,我们要接受它。”

According to researchers, the vaccine may not be the final answer to malaria, but along with other measures like mosquito nets, spraying drainage systems and clearing bushes, it may make a big difference to millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa.

据研究者称疫苗可能并非对抗疟疾的最终解决办法,但同蚊帐,喷洒排水系统和清理灌木丛等的其他措施相比,对撒哈拉以南非洲地区数以百万计的人产生了很大影响。

1 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

2 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

3 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

4 eradicate   

v.根除，消灭，杜绝

参考例句：

• These insects are very difficult to eradicate.这些昆虫很难根除。
• They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus.他们已经在努力消灭疟疾、破伤风等疾病。

5 interventions   

n.介入，干涉，干预( intervention的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Economic analysis of government interventions deserves detailed discussion. 政府对经济的干预应该给予充分的论述。 来自辞典例句
• The judge's frequent interventions made a mockery of justice. 法官的屡屡干预是对正义的践踏。 来自互联网

6 vaccinating   

给…接种疫苗( vaccinate的现在分词 )； 注射疫苗，接种疫苗

参考例句：

• At first blush, vaccinating the wolves against rabies seems a simple solution. 乍一看来，为狼群注射防狂犬病疫苗是一种简单的办法。
• Also vaccinating children against misers (measles) has saved many lives. 还有，给儿童进行疫苗接种防止麻疹也挽救了许多生命。

7 eradicating   

摧毁，完全根除( eradicate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Objective: To study the acute and chronic toxicity of Ten-flavor-acne eradicating-capsule. 目的：探讨复方中药合剂十味平痤胶囊的急性及慢性毒性。
• We are on the verge of eradicating polio in the world. 我们已在世界消除小儿？痹症的边缘了。

8 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

9 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

10 parasite   

n.寄生虫；寄生菌；食客

参考例句：

• The lazy man was a parasite on his family.那懒汉是家里的寄生虫。
• I don't want to be a parasite.I must earn my own way in life.我不想做寄生虫，我要自己养活自己。