VOA常速英语2014--美国军事顾问准备好开始帮助伊拉克扭转局势

 

US Military Advisers² Ready to Start Helping³ Iraq 美国军事顾问准备好开始帮助伊拉克扭转局势

PENTAGON — The United States is pledging “intense" and "sustained” support for Iraq as it battles Sunni militants⁴.  And now a major component⁵ of that help - teams of military advisers - can move into action thanks to an agreement between the U.S. and Iraqi governments granting legal protections to U.S. forces.  But there are growing concerns about how much that support can do amid signs the Iraqi military is withering⁶ under pressure.

It has become a familiar scene in Iraq-militants with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant-ISIL-celebrating another victory.

ISIL，即伊拉克与黎凡特伊斯兰国欢庆另一场胜利在伊拉克已经变得习以为常。

Those fleeing tell stories of horror.

那些逃忘告诉人们的是恐怖的故事。

"I wish I had camera with me to film what happened with us, so that you could see it with your own eyes.Clashes all around. Children, women, old men all running.

“要是我有相机,就会动动快门拍下发生在我们身上的事,这样你们就可以亲眼目睹。到处都是冲突。儿童、妇女、老人，所有人都在逃命。

In the U.S., more calls for airstrikes from lawmakers like Illinois Congressman⁷ Adam Kinzinger, a veteran of several Iraq combat deployments -at an event honoring fallen soldiers.

在美国,来自议员们更多的呼声是空中打击，比如这位正在纪念阵亡将士的伊利诺斯州议员，曾经投身于几次伊拉克作战的老兵亚当·基辛格。

“You'll pin ISIS down in the villages they're in, the town's they're in, restrict their freedom of movement and give the space to the Iraqi military to take their land back.”

“你们要在ISIS所处的村庄,镇上采取行动,限制他们的行动自由,给伊拉克军队空间夺回自己的失地。”

The Pentagon is already rushing ammunition⁸, tank shells and other equipment to Iraq's security forces.

五角大楼已经做好准备为伊拉克安全部队提供弹药,坦克炮弹及其他装备。

伊拉克扭转局势.jpg

Monday, Iraq's Defense⁹ Ministry¹⁰ released video it says shows Iraqi helicopters firing missiles on ISIL forces, repelling¹¹ an attack near a key oil refinery¹².

伊拉克国防部于星期一公布的一段视频显示伊拉克直升机对ISIL武装部队发射导弹,排除主要炼油厂附近的攻击。

But there were also reports of new setbacks along the border with Jordan.

但也有报道称沿边境一带与约旦遇到了新的难题。

"The army is retreating from the border.The border point is not stable. The situation is unstable¹³.”

“军队正从边境撤退。边界点十分不稳定。局势很不稳定。”

U.S. defense officials say Iraq security forces face a litany of problems, including a serious lack of leadership in some areas.But just how deep those problems run, remains¹⁴ a question.

美国国防官员表示伊拉克安全部队面临一系列的问题,包括在一些地区领导能力的严重缺乏。但就这些问题的严重程度,仍然是一个问题。

Some former U.S. officials say to pin any hopes on Iraqi security forces at this point would be misguided.

一些前美国官员称此时对伊拉克安全部队存有任何希望都会被误导。

Sarah Chayes was special adviser¹ to former chairman of the Joint¹⁵ Chiefs of Staff,Admiral Mike Mullen.“If the government is either acutely sectarian or acutely corrupt¹⁶ or both, so that large swaths of the population feel disenfranchised and in fact humiliated¹⁷ by their own government, no amount of local security forces are really going to make up for that deficit¹⁸.”

前参谋长联席会议主席麦克·马伦的特别顾问莎拉·柴叶斯说道:“如果政府宗派主义强烈或严重腐败,抑或是两者都是，这样很大一部分人会觉得被剥夺了公民权,事实上是政府羞辱了自己的人民,就算再多的当地安全部队弥补这方面的不足也是无济于事。

And while Iraqi security forces, especially in the north, appear to melt away, ISIL's strategy seems to be working, says Former Army Ranger¹⁹ and Strat for military analyst²⁰, Paul Floyd,via Skype.

而特别是在北方的伊拉克安全部队似乎正在逐渐消失,ISIL的策略似乎是正在起到作用,前陆军突击队员及军事分析家保罗·弗洛伊德通过Skype这样说道。

“They've been most effective by being this mobile over a large geographic²¹ area and basically dispersing²² conventional militaries to the point where they can't be effective any more.”

“在一个面积非常大的区域他们一直非常有效率而将常规军队分散到点对点上,他们就不可能大展拳脚。”

Now, it will be up to U.S. military advisers to see if they can help Iraq begin to turn that around.

现在要取决于美国军事顾问们，看看他们是否可以帮助伊拉克扭转乾坤。

1 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

2 advisers   

顾问，劝告者( adviser的名词复数 )； （指导大学新生学科问题等的）指导教授

参考例句：

• a member of the President's favoured circle of advisers 总统宠爱的顾问班子中的一员
• She withdrew to confer with her advisers before announcing a decision. 她先去请教顾问然后再宣布决定。

3 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

4 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

5 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

6 withering   

使人畏缩的，使人害羞的，使人难堪的

参考例句：

• She gave him a withering look. 她极其蔑视地看了他一眼。
• The grass is gradually dried-up and withering and pallen leaves. 草渐渐干枯、枯萎并落叶。

7 Congressman   

n.（美）国会议员

参考例句：

• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
• The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。

8 ammunition   

n.军火，弹药

参考例句：

• A few of the jeeps had run out of ammunition.几辆吉普车上的弹药已经用光了。
• They have expended all their ammunition.他们把弹药用光。

9 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

10 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

11 repelling   

v.击退( repel的现在分词 )；使厌恶；排斥；推开

参考例句：

• He saw himself standing up and repelling a charge. 他仿佛看见自己挺身而起，打退了敌人的进攻。 来自辞典例句
• Promote the healthy entertainment styles. Repelling the superstition, gambling, drugs and obscenity. 提倡健康娱乐。抵制封建迷信活动，拒绝黄、赌、毒。 来自互联网

12 refinery   

n.精炼厂，提炼厂

参考例句：

• They built a sugar refinery.他们建起了一座榨糖厂。
• The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。

13 unstable   

adj.不稳定的，易变的

参考例句：

• This bookcase is too unstable to hold so many books.这书橱很不结实，装不了这么多书。
• The patient's condition was unstable.那患者的病情不稳定。

14 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

15 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

16 corrupt   

v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的

参考例句：

• The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
• This judge is corrupt.这个法官贪污。

17 humiliated   

感到羞愧的

参考例句：

• Parents are humiliated if their children behave badly when guests are present. 子女在客人面前举止失当，父母也失体面。
• He was ashamed and bitterly humiliated. 他感到羞耻，丢尽了面子。

18 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

19 ranger   

n.国家公园管理员，护林员；骑兵巡逻队员

参考例句：

• He was the head ranger of the national park.他曾是国家公园的首席看守员。
• He loved working as a ranger.他喜欢做护林人。

20 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

21 geographic   

adj.地理学的，地理的

参考例句：

• The city's success owes much to its geographic position. 这座城市的成功很大程度上归功于它的地理位置。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Environmental problems pay no heed to these geographic lines. 环境问题并不理会这些地理界限。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

22 dispersing   

adj. 分散的 动词disperse的现在分词形式

参考例句：

• Whereas gasoline fumes linger close to the ground before dispersing. 而汽油烟气却靠近地面迟迟不散。
• Earthworms may be instrumental in dispersing fungi or bacteria. 蚯蚓可能是散布真菌及细菌的工具。