VOA常速英语2015--斯雷布雷尼察大屠杀的教训

斯雷布雷尼察大屠杀的教训

WASHINGTON— On July 11, Bosnia will mark the 20th anniversary of the worst mass killing¹ in Europe since World War II: the massacre² at Srebrenica. During an 11-day period in July 1995, an estimated 8,000 Muslim men and boys were slaughtered³ during the Bosnian war. Experts say the events of 20 years ago should motivate nations to work harder at preventing future conflicts.

For those who lost husbands and sons 20 years ago during the Srebrenica massacre, the wounds are still fresh.

对于20年前在斯雷布雷尼察大屠杀中失去丈夫和儿子的人来说，其伤痛依然存在。

During ceremonies Saturday marking the anniversary, recently-identified remains⁴ of 136 victims will be interred⁵.

在周六纪念大屠杀的仪式上，最近找到的136名遇难者的遗体将被埋葬。

One woman lost her husband and both sons, "We have been sentenced without a trial. Our children were sentenced to death and expulsion and we survivors⁶ were sentenced to stay living in hell."

一位妇女失去了丈夫和两个儿子，“我们不经审判就被判刑，我的孩子们被判死刑并被驱逐，我们活着的人被判生活在地狱中。”

Thousands were murdered when troops commanded by Serbian General Ratko Mladic overran a U.N. enclave protected by Dutch troops.

当塞尔维亚将军拉特科·穆拉迪克攻下一个被荷兰军队保护的联合国飞地时，有数千人被杀。

U.S. Ambassador Stephen Rapp said the international community must take greater steps to intervene to help dissipate ethnic⁷ tensions in Bosnia and elsewhere. He spoke⁸ at a panel discussion in Washington hosted by VOA.

联合国大使史蒂芬·拉普称国际社会必须做出更多努力来帮助化解波斯尼亚等地的种族紧张，他在华盛顿美国之音举行的专题讨论会上做讲话。

"I think part of what we need to work for is for greater integration⁹ within the region, both within Europe and internally, recognizing the common interests of people in Bosnia for a prosperous future and a future where people can live together whatever their ethnicity, whatever religion they follow," said Rapp.

“我想我们需要做的部分工作就是促进地区内的融合，无论是在欧洲内部还是各国内部，承认波斯尼亚人民的共同利益，即追求未来的繁荣，让人们未来可以不分种族和宗教信仰和平共处。”

A lasting¹⁰ impact of the war in Bosnia is its troubled economy, according to Tanya Domi of Columbia University, speaking via Skype.

哥伦比亚大学的塔尼娅·多米通过Skype接受了采访，她说波斯尼亚战争的持续影响就是其糟糕的经济。

"Formal unemployment is 40 percent, and with [Bosnia's] youth, it is approaching 60 percent, according to the World Bank. This is simply unsustainable and people are leaving. And I think what you are seeing is a second 'brain drain' leaving Bosnia, and in fact, the future is leaving Bosnia," said Domi.

“世界银行称该国的失业率为40%，年轻人的失业率接近60%，这是不可持续的，人们正在离开这里。我想你看到的是第二次人才外流，事实上，波斯尼亚正在失去未来。”

Ratko Mladic was indicted¹¹ for war crimes at The Hague, along with former Bosnian Serb President Radovan Karadzic and former Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic.

拉特科·穆拉迪克和波黑塞族总统拉多万·卡拉季奇及塞尔维亚前总统斯洛博丹·米洛舍维奇在海牙一起被判以战争罪。

Milosevic died in prison in 2006. Mladic and Karadzic are still facing the war crimes tribunal. Three others, including two senior Bosnian Serbs, have been convicted of genocide.

米洛舍维奇2006年在监狱中死去，穆拉迪克和卡拉季奇将继续接受战争罪法庭的审判，包括两名波黑塞族人在内的另外三人已被判处大屠杀罪。

Ambassador Rapp said that even if justice is slow in coming for the crimes of Srebrenica, it will come.

拉普大使说，对于斯雷布雷尼察大屠杀来说，尽管正义来得很慢，但终究会来的。

"The day will come when persons who target the innocent, who attempt to destroy whole groups, on whatever motivation, that those people will face justice. And I think that out of Srebrenica the world has gained powerful lessons that all of us need to implement¹² every day,” he said.

“这一天终究会老来的，那时，那些侵害无辜者、试图毁灭整个族群者，无论处于何种动机，这些人都将面临正义的审判。我想从斯雷布雷尼察大屠杀一事中，全世界已经吸取了我们所有人都应该吸取的有力教训。”

Even in the face of those lessons, there are those who still deny the atrocity¹³.

即使有了这些教训，仍有一些人继续否认其暴行。

 

Wednesday, Russia vetoed a draft U.N. resolution condemning¹⁴ the massacre as an act of genocide, despite two international courts having declared it so.

周三，俄罗斯否决了联合国一项决议草案，该草案将这次大屠杀定为大屠杀，已有两个国际法庭宣布这一结论。

1 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

2 massacre   

n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀

参考例句：

• There was a terrible massacre of villagers here during the war.在战争中，这里的村民惨遭屠杀。
• If we forget the massacre,the massacre will happen again!忘记了大屠杀，大屠杀就有可能再次发生！

3 slaughtered   

v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The invading army slaughtered a lot of people. 侵略军杀了许多人。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Hundreds of innocent civilians were cruelly slaughtered. 数百名无辜平民遭残杀。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

5 interred   

v.埋，葬( inter的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Marie Curie's remains were exhumed and interred in the Pantheon. 玛丽·居里的遗体被移出葬在先贤祠中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The body was interred at the cemetery. 遗体埋葬在公墓里。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 survivors   

幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The survivors were adrift in a lifeboat for six days. 幸存者在救生艇上漂流了六天。
• survivors clinging to a raft 紧紧抓住救生筏的幸存者

7 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

8 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

9 integration   

n.一体化，联合，结合

参考例句：

• We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
• This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。

10 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。

11 indicted   

控告，起诉( indict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The senator was indicted for murder. 那位参议员被控犯谋杀罪。
• He was indicted by a grand jury on two counts of murder. 他被大陪审团以两项谋杀罪名起诉。

12 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

13 atrocity   

n.残暴，暴行

参考例句：

• These people are guilty of acts of great atrocity.这些人犯有令人发指的暴行。
• I am shocked by the atrocity of this man's crimes.这个人行凶手段残忍狠毒使我震惊。

14 condemning   

v.（通常因道义上的原因而）谴责( condemn的现在分词 )；宣判；宣布…不能使用；迫使…陷于不幸的境地

参考例句：

• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。
• I concur with the speaker in condemning what has been done. 我同意发言者对所做的事加以谴责。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》