世卫组织称仍未实现全球免疫目标

世卫组织称仍未实现全球免疫目标

Wars, disease, even personal choice have left children around the world, in rich countries and in poor, underimmunized. The World Health Organization says progress toward global vaccination¹ targets for this year are far off track.

战争、疾病甚至是个人选择都可能使全世界无论穷国还是富国的孩子们无法得到充分的免疫，世卫组织称今年远未实现全球免疫目标。

"One out of five children is missed out of routine immunization."

“每五个孩子中就有一个未能实现常规免疫。”

In practical terms, this means that 1.5 million children will most likely die from preventable diseases, diseases such as polio, measles² and tetanus.

实际上，这意味着有150万儿童将死于可预防的疾病，比如脊髓灰质炎、麻疹和破伤风。

It wasn't until mid-April that immunization programs started up again in the Ebola-stricken countries of West Africa. The WHO said most of the children who are missing their immunizations live in the world's poorest countries.

直到4月中旬，西非遭受埃博拉国家才建立起免疫系统，世卫组织称大多数未能免疫的孩子生活在全世界最贫困国家。

But some live in rich countries like the United States. The U.S. weathered a measles outbreak that started at the Disneyland amusement park in California last December and lasted until mid-April. Measles can kill. It can also cause blindness, hearing loss and permanent brain damage.

但也有些孩子生活在美国等发达国家，美国发生过麻疹疫情，是去年12月从迪士尼乐园开始的，持续到4月中旬。麻疹能致人死亡，还能导致失明、听力损失和永久性大脑损伤。

Some parents are lobbying for the right to decide whether to vaccinate³ or not. Many such parents are concerned that vaccines⁵ can cause autism, despite several studies that show it does not.

一些父母为决定是否免疫的权利进行游说，很多这样的父母担心疫苗会导致孤独症，尽管有几项研究表明并非如此。

Yet another study disproving any connection between autism and a vaccine⁴ against measles and mumps⁶ has been published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. This study followed nearly 100,000 children who had been vaccinated⁷ up until the age of 5.

另一项认为孤独症和针对麻疹、腮腺炎的疫苗之间没有任何联系，该研究发表在《美国医学协会》杂志上，该研究对10万名年龄在5岁以下的接种儿童进行了跟踪。

Dr. Anjali Jain led the study, "we found no evidence of a harmful association between the MMR vaccine and autism spectrum⁸ disorders⁹."

Anjali Jain博士是该研究的负责人，“我们没有发现有证据表明麻疹疫苗和孤独症谱系障碍之间有什么有害的关联。”

On a positive note, the Americas are now free of rubella, a viral disease similar to measles. That's according to the Pan American Health Organization, which is part of the WHO.

积极的一面是，美国人现在已经摆脱了风疹，这是一种与麻疹类似的病毒性疾病，这是隶属于世卫组织的泛美健康组织透露的。

The WHO aims to eliminate rubella from another region by the end of this year and redouble its efforts to make sure more children get the vaccinations¹⁰ they need to stay healthy and lead productive lives.

世卫组织希望能在年底之前将风疹从其他地区消灭，并加大努力确保更多儿童获得所需的接种，从而保持健康并过上丰富多彩的生活。

1 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

2 measles   

n.麻疹，风疹，包虫病，痧子

参考例句：

• The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
• The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。

3 vaccinate   

vt.给…接种疫苗；种牛痘

参考例句：

• Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样，当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
• Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。

4 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

5 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

6 mumps   

n.腮腺炎

参考例句：

• Sarah got mumps from her brother.萨拉的弟弟患腮腺炎，传染给她了。
• I was told not go near Charles. He is sickening for mumps.别人告诉我不要走近查尔斯， 他染上了流行性腮腺炎。

7 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

8 spectrum   

n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列

参考例句：

• This is a kind of atomic spectrum.这是一种原子光谱。
• We have known much of the constitution of the solar spectrum.关于太阳光谱的构成，我们已了解不少。

9 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》