VOA常速英语2017--美国为也门等国提供人道主义援助金

In early July, President Donald Trump¹ announced an additional nearly $639 million of humanitarian² aid for the estimated 20 million people affected³ by food insecurity and violence in Somalia, South Sudan, Nigeria, and Yemen.

7月初，美国总统宣布再捐助近6.39亿美元的人道主义援助金给近2000万人，这些人来自索马里、南苏丹、尼日利亚和也门，受粮食危机和暴力冲突的侵扰。

Tens of millions of people are in need of humanitarian assistance as a result of the man-made crises in South Sudan, Nigeria, and Yemen, all of which are driven by violent conflicts, and in Somalia, where ongoing⁴ conflict is exacerbating⁵ the effects of severe and prolonged drought, said Acting⁶ Assistant Administrator⁷ for the USAID's Bureau for Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance, Robert Jenkins.

上千万人需要人道主义援助，因为南苏丹、索马里和也门发生了人为的危机，这些人因暴力冲突而颠沛流离。此外，索马里正在发生的冲突让程度严重、旷日持久的旱灾进一步恶化，美国国际开发署(USAID)民主、冲突和人道主义援助事务局(Bureau for Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance)的代理助理署长罗伯特(Robert Jenkins)如是说道。

Despite the influx⁸ of aid that has helped to alleviate⁹ famine in some areas of South Sudan, and has so far prevented famine in Yemen and Somalia, the overall food security situation is worsening, and life-threatening hunger continues to spread in both scope and in scale.

虽然源源不断的援助帮助南苏丹的部分地区缓解了饥荒，目前为止也预防了也门和索马里的饥荒，但总体的粮食安全形势在不断恶化。威胁生命的饥荒无论在广度和规模上都大有蔓延之势。

In all four countries, conflict has been the primary driver of humanitarian need. In Somalia, conflict has made it difficult to reach some communities in dire¹⁰ need of food. In South Sudan and Yemen, civil wars have destabilized the economies, crippled agricultural production and trade, and sent the price of food skyrocketing. In Somalia and Nigeria, the regions that have been beset¹¹ by violent terrorist groups—al Shabaab and Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa respectively--are among those in the greatest need of humanitarian assistance.

这四个国家之所以需要人道主义援助，冲突是罪魁祸首。索马里发生的冲突让一些急需粮食救济的社群很难接收到援助。而南苏丹和也门发生的内战也让这两个国家深陷不稳定的境地，粮食颗粒无收，贸易一无进展，物价疯狂飙升。索马里和尼日利亚则是两个深受暴力恐怖组织（索马里青年党、博科圣地、西非地区的IS组织）困扰的国家，也在最需要人道主义援助的国家之列。

Through this additional funding, the United States can provide additional emergency food and nutrition assistance, life-saving medical care, improved sanitation¹², safe drinking water, emergency shelter, hygiene¹³ and health programs to treat and prevent disease outbreaks, and protection for civilians¹⁴ who've been affected by conflict, including both those displaced internally and as refugees. This additional funding brings the total U.S. contribution to over $1.8 billion in humanitarian assistance for the four famine crises since the beginning of fiscal¹⁵ year 2017, said Mr. Jenkins.

通过这种额外的资金支持，美国可以提供其他的应急粮食援助和营养支持、救死扶伤的医疗援助、改善卫生状况、提供安全饮用水、提供应急避难所、开展健康卫生项目以治疗疾病并预防疾病爆发、保护深受冲突影响的平民（包括国内流离失所的百姓和国外的难民）。把这种额外的援助加在一起，美国的总人道主义捐助资金达到18亿多美元。自2017年初以来，美国已经对四次饥荒危机进行了人道主义援助，罗伯特如是说道。

We will continue to work with our international and local partners to provide this life-saving aid needed to avert¹⁶ famine and to support communities impacted by these crises.

我们将继续与国际和地区的伙伴一道合作，提供这种救死扶伤的必要援助，缓解饥荒，对那些受这种危机影响的社群提供支持。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

3 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

4 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

5 exacerbating   

v.使恶化，使加重( exacerbate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• This pedagogical understretch is exacerbating social inequalities. 这种教学张力不足加重了社会不平等。 来自互联网
• High fertilizer prices are exacerbating the problem. 高涨的肥料价格更加加剧了问题的恶化。 来自互联网

6 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

7 administrator   

n.经营管理者，行政官员

参考例句：

• The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。
• He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。

8 influx   

n.流入，注入

参考例句：

• The country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
• Textile workers favoured protection because they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施，因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。

9 alleviate   

v.减轻，缓和，缓解(痛苦等)

参考例句：

• The doctor gave her an injection to alleviate the pain.医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。
• Nothing could alleviate his distress.什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。

10 dire   

adj.可怕的，悲惨的，阴惨的，极端的

参考例句：

• There were dire warnings about the dangers of watching too much TV.曾经有人就看电视太多的危害性提出严重警告。
• We were indeed in dire straits.But we pulled through.那时我们的困难真是大极了，但是我们渡过了困难。

11 beset   

v.镶嵌；困扰，包围

参考例句：

• She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。
• The plan was beset with difficulties from the beginning.这项计划自开始就困难重重。

12 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

13 hygiene   

n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic）

参考例句：

• Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
• He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。

14 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

15 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

16 avert   

v.防止，避免；转移(目光、注意力等)

参考例句：

• He managed to avert suspicion.他设法避嫌。
• I would do what I could to avert it.我会尽力去避免发生这种情况。