VOA常速英语2017--美国要求南苏丹停火

For much of its brief existence, South Sudan has been has been mired¹ in a civil war, a conflict that has killed tens of thousands of people and forced some 4 million to flee their homes, creating Africa's worst refugee crisis since the 1994 Rwandan genocide. A 2015 peace agreement and a transitional government formed in early 2016 failed to end the violence.

南苏丹立国时间不长，立国后的很长一段时间里都处于内战之中。内战冲突导致上万人死亡，并迫使近400万人逃离家乡，导致自1994年卢旺达大屠杀以来非洲最严重的一次难民危机。无论是2015年的和平协定还是2016年初成立的临时政府都没能结束暴乱。

In late May of this year, President Salva Kiir declared a unilateral, government cease-fire and promised a release of political prisoners. But no prisoners have been released, and despite the cease-fire, heavy fighting has been reported in parts of the country, according to the UN. This is particularly true of the opposition² stronghold near the town of Pagak in Upper Nile state.

今年5月末，总统萨尔瓦 基尔(Salva Kiir)宣布政府单边停火，并承诺会释放政治囚犯。但目前为止并未释放任何人，而且虽然宣布了停火，但有报道称，南苏丹的部分地区依然冲突严重，这是联合国方面公布的信息。这对上尼罗河州(Upper Nile state)Pagak镇附近的反对派据点来说尤为如此。

On July 24, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, or IGAD, an eight-country regional development organization in East Africa that has been trying to mediate³ the situation in South Sudan, announced that it will convene⁴ a forum⁵ to revitalize implementation⁷ of the 2015 peace agreement.

东非的政府间发展组织(IGAD)是一个由8个国家组成的地区发展组织，一直致力于调解南苏丹局势。7月24日，该组织宣布将召开一次论坛，重新启动实施2015年的和平协定。

In late July, Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States, known as the Troika in the context of the South Sudan peace effort, as well as the European Union, issued a statement condemning⁸ the continuing violence in South Sudan.

7月末，在实现南苏丹和平进程中有三驾马车之称的挪威、英国、美国与欧盟联手，发布了一份声明，谴责南苏丹尚未平息的暴乱。

The Pagak offensive is a clear violation⁹ of the unilateral ceasefire declared by President Salva Kiir...and calls into question the government's commitment to reach peace through the National Dialogue.

Pagak引发战乱的行为明显违背了总统萨尔瓦 基尔的单边停火声明，也让人怀疑南苏丹政府通过全国对话的方式来实现和平的承诺。

The statement welcomed the IGAD decision to revitalize the South Sudan peace process.

这份声明本是支持政府间发展组织关于恢复南苏丹和平进程的决定的。

The proliferation of violence, displacement¹⁰, and food insecurity renders any discussion of elections in the foreseeable future as an unnecessary diversion from the primary goals of achieving peace and reconciliation¹¹, said the Troika statement.

暴力、流离失所和粮食危机的扩散让可见未来中任何有关选举的讨论都与实现和平和解的主要目标毫无干系，三驾马车的声明中如是写道。

South Sudan's leaders, neighbors, and regional and international partners must first focus on achieving peace in order to create the conditions needed to hold credible¹² elections. To achieve these urgent goals, we look forward to the prompt revitalization of an inclusive and credible peace process by IGAD; such progress would be required in order for the Troika and EU to commit further resources to institutions designed to implement⁶ the agreement.

南苏丹的多位领导人、邻国以及地区和国际合作伙伴都必须首先关注实现和平的问题，这样才能创造可信选举所需的条件。为了实现这些紧迫的目标，我们希望能够即刻恢复政府间发展组织包容性强、可信度高的和平进程。三驾马车和欧盟都需要这样的进程来为履行该协议的各组织机构进一步提供资源。

1 mired   

abbr.microreciprocal degree 迈尔德（色温单位）v.深陷( mire的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The country was mired in recession. 这个国家陷入了经济衰退的困境。
• The most brilliant leadership can be mired in detail. 最有才干的领导也会陷于拘泥琐事的困境中。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

2 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

3 mediate   

vi.调解，斡旋；vt.经调解解决；经斡旋促成

参考例句：

• The state must mediate the struggle for water resources.政府必须通过调解来解决对水资源的争夺。
• They may be able to mediate between parties with different interests.他们也许能在不同利益政党之间进行斡旋。

4 convene   

v.集合，召集，召唤，聚集，集合

参考例句：

• The Diet will convene at 3p.m. tomorrow.国会将于明天下午三点钟开会。
• Senior officials convened in October 1991 in London.1991年10月，高级官员在伦敦会齐。

5 forum   

n.论坛，讨论会

参考例句：

• They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
• The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

6 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

7 implementation   

n.实施，贯彻

参考例句：

• Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

8 condemning   

v.（通常因道义上的原因而）谴责( condemn的现在分词 )；宣判；宣布…不能使用；迫使…陷于不幸的境地

参考例句：

• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。
• I concur with the speaker in condemning what has been done. 我同意发言者对所做的事加以谴责。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

9 violation   

n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯

参考例句：

• He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说，那是违反规则的。
• He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。

10 displacement   

n.移置，取代，位移，排水量

参考例句：

• They said that time is the feeling of spatial displacement.他们说时间是空间位移的感觉。
• The displacement of all my energy into caring for the baby.我所有精力都放在了照顾宝宝上。

11 reconciliation   

n.和解，和谐，一致

参考例句：

• He was taken up with the reconciliation of husband and wife.他忙于做夫妻间的调解工作。
• Their handshake appeared to be a gesture of reconciliation.他们的握手似乎是和解的表示。

12 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？