VOA常速英语2018--美国民众厌恶媒体

Thursday at the Newseum of Washington museum, dedicated¹ to defending freedom of the press, visitors get a glimpse of what some see as a mass pushback against accusations² of fake news. Over 300 news outlets³ are participating in an effort, organized by the Boston Globe to run coordinated⁴ editorials denouncing what the paper called ‘a dirty war’ against the free press.

周四，在华盛顿的新闻博物馆里，在致力于捍卫媒体自由的氛围下，参观者们见识了大规模抵制的浪潮，这是对指控新闻虚假的抵制。有300多家媒体参与其中，这次活动是《波士顿环球报》组织的，目的是发表联合社论，抨击以自由媒体为讨伐对象的文章《肮脏战争》。

The reason they’re doing these editorials is because the criticism of the press has been so blatant⁵. It’s been so constant that this is sort of a push back on their part to educate the American public about the importance of a free press.

他们之所以撰写这样的社论是因为对媒体的苛责愈发猖獗。媒体一直备受苛责，所以这次是媒体的一次回击，他们要让美国公众明白自由媒体的重要性。

Fake, fake, disgusting news. Donald Trump⁶’s attacks on the press have been a regular theme of his presidency⁷, labeling the media ‘the enemy of the people’. The president’s remarks have led to criticism that he does not value the media’s independent role in a democracy. White House press secretary Sarah Sanders rejects that and continues to blame the media. Frankly⁸, if we want to look at who’s creating divisions in the country, I think the media has done more to divide this country certainly far more than this president ever has. Trump often refers to negative coverage⁹ as fake news. Republicans were more likely to take on a negative view of the press.

虚假新闻，令人作呕。攻击媒体是特朗普担任总统期间的家常便饭，他给媒体贴上了“人民的敌人”这样的标签。特朗普的言论招致了批评之声，有人认为特朗普不重视媒体在民主国家所发挥的独立作用。白宫新闻秘书萨拉 桑德斯(Sarah Sanders)否认了这种说法，依然继续谴责媒体。实话实说，要想看是谁给国家制造分裂，那我认为媒体的“贡献”远大于特朗普总统。特朗普经常将负面报道称作虚假新闻。共和党更容易对媒体产生消极看法。

A recent EPSA survey shows that four out of five Republicans feel that the mainstream¹⁰ media treats President Trump unfairly. But according to a recent Gallup poll, Americans’ negative attitude towards the media has not necessarily been created by Trump. When you look at the overall numbers, we don’t see huge changes in the Americans perceptions of the media, maybe ticking up a little, up not down, because Democrats¹¹ have become a little more defensive¹² about the media. But I have to reinforce that we’ve seen very negative attitudes towards the news media for a number of years, long before Donald Trump thought about running for president.

最近EPSA做了一项调查，该调查表明4/5的共和党认为主流媒体对特朗普刻意抹黑报道。但最近的一项盖洛普民意调查显示，美国对媒体的消极看法并不是特朗普造成的。看一下整体数据，就会发现美国人对媒体的看法并没有很大变化，满意度有上升一些，虽然没有下降，这是因为民主党对媒体的观点更为保守了。但我必须要强调的是：我们对媒体的负面看法积怨已久，特朗普上任的很久之前就有了。

But activists¹³ are still concerned about the impact of Trump’s fake news accusations towards the public discourse¹⁴. The aggregate¹⁵ of factors to make it difficult to have serious policy discussions in the United States, because people who are fans of President Trump, who actually takes seriously what he says, even though such a high proportion of it is false, can’t engage in a real conversation with the rest of the public who had was operating on a different set of understandings of what reality is. Animosity towards the press has also promoted safety concerns, according to the US press freedom tracker .31 American journalists have been attacked in 2018.

但有活动家依然很担心特朗普指责虚假新闻的行为会对舆论造成怎样的影响。各种因素加在一起，让美国很难实现严肃的政策讨论，因为支持特朗普的人会相信他所说的话，就算特朗普言论中很大一部分都是假的，但还是会导致公众很难促成真实的讨论，就算特朗普的非支持者对于事实的理解是另一番样子。公众对媒体的敌意让人们更加担心安全问题，这是美国新闻自由追踪机构的数据。2018年，曾有31名美国记者遭受过攻击。

1 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

2 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

3 outlets   

n.出口( outlet的名词复数 )；经销店；插座；廉价经销店

参考例句：

• The dumping of foreign cotton blocked outlets for locally grown cotton. 外国棉花的倾销阻滞了当地生产的棉花的销路。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They must find outlets for their products. 他们必须为自己的产品寻找出路。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 coordinated   

adj.协调的

参考例句：

• The sound has to be coordinated with the picture. 声音必须和画面协调一致。
• The numerous existing statutes are complicated and poorly coordinated. 目前繁多的法令既十分复杂又缺乏快调。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

5 blatant   

adj.厚颜无耻的；显眼的；炫耀的

参考例句：

• I cannot believe that so blatant a comedy can hoodwink anybody.我无法相信这么显眼的一出喜剧能够欺骗谁。
• His treatment of his secretary was a blatant example of managerial arrogance.他管理的傲慢作风在他对待秘书的态度上表露无遗。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

8 frankly   

adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说

参考例句：

• To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。
• Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。

9 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

10 mainstream   

n.（思想或行为的）主流；adj.主流的

参考例句：

• Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
• Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。

11 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 defensive   

adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的

参考例句：

• Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题，使她警觉起来。
• The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。

13 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 discourse   

n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述

参考例句：

• We'll discourse on the subject tonight.我们今晚要谈论这个问题。
• He fell into discourse with the customers who were drinking at the counter.他和站在柜台旁的酒客谈了起来。

15 aggregate   

adj.总计的，集合的；n.总数；v.合计；集合

参考例句：

• The football team had a low goal aggregate last season.这支足球队上个赛季的进球总数很少。
• The money collected will aggregate a thousand dollars.进帐总额将达一千美元。