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VOA常速英语2019--30年前,柏林墙倒塌了

时间:2019-11-12 23:58来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

Thirty years ago today, the Berlin Wall was torn down. For 28 years, this most visible manifestation1 of the Cold War and a symbol of the tug2 of war between Communism and Capitalism3, the two prevailing4 ideologies5 of the second half of the twentieth century, cut through the heart of one of Europe’s great cities.

30年前的今天,柏林墙被推倒。28年来,这一最明显的冷战表现,以及20世纪下半叶两种主流意识形态——共产主义和资本主义之间的拉锯战的象征,贯穿了欧洲一座大城市的中心地带。

But it was far more than just a symbol to the German people on both sides of the divide—it was physical proof that the country would never be whole again.

但对分裂双方的德国人来说,它远远不只是一个象征——它是德国永远不会再完整的物理证据。

After World War II ended in 1945, the four nations that were instrumental in defeating Nazi6 Germany: the United States, France, the United Kingdom and the Soviet7 Union, split the country into four administrative8 sectors10. In the 16 years after the Second World War, some 2.5 million of East Germany’s best educated people and skilled workers, most of them young, crossed permanently11 to the West.

1945年二战结束后,美国、法国、英国和苏联这四个国家在击败纳粹德国的过程中发挥了重要作用,它们将德国分裂成四个行政区。在二战结束后的16年里,大约250万东德受过最好教育的人和技术工人(其中大部分是年轻人)永久地移居到了西德。

So, to stop the brain drain, in the early hours of Sunday, August 13th, 1961, the East German police and units of the East German army closed the border separating the Russian sector9 from the other three. They tore up streets running along the eastern side of the border to make them impassable to vehicles, and installed barbed wire coils and fences around the three sectors that comprised West Berlin, as well as along the 43 kilometers which split the city and its population in half. Over time, they would replace the wire with a concrete wall 3.6 meters high and 1.2 meters wide.

因此,为了阻止人才外流,在1961年8月13日(星期日)的凌晨,东德警察和东德军队关闭了俄罗斯区与其他三个区之间的边界。他们拆除了沿国境线东侧的街道,使车辆无法通行,并在包括西柏林在内的三个区周围安装了带刺的铁丝网和栅栏,以及将城市和人口一分为二的43公里长地段。随着时间的推移,他们将用3.6米高、1.2米宽的混凝土墙取代铁丝。

Almost immediately, attempts to cross the wall to the West began. Some 5000 tried. Around 200 died in the attempt.

几乎就在同时,向西翻越墙的企图开始了。约5000人尝试。大约有200人在尝试中死亡。

Finally, in 1989, Communist governments collapsed12 across Eastern Europe, and on November 9, under pressure from its restive13 population, the East German government partially14 opened the border in Berlin. A flood of East Germans rushed to West Berlin, and following celebrations up and down its length, they began to tear down the Berlin Wall. At zero hour Central European Time, October 3rd, 1990, Germany once again became one country. The German family was reunited.

最终,在1989年,东欧各国的共产主义政府垮台,11月9日,在其不安的民众的压力下,东德政府部分开放了柏林边境。大批东德人涌入西柏林,庆祝活动在整个柏林进行,他们开始推倒柏林墙。1990年10月3日中欧时间零点,德国再次成为一个国家。德国家庭团聚了。

And the crumbling15 of the Berlin Wall started an avalanche16 that saw the liberation of millions of people across Eastern Europe.

柏林墙的倒塌引发了一场雪崩,东欧数百万人获得了解放。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 manifestation 0RCz6     
n.表现形式;表明;现象
参考例句:
  • Her smile is a manifestation of joy.她的微笑是她快乐的表现。
  • What we call mass is only another manifestation of energy.我们称之为质量的东西只是能量的另一种表现形态。
2 tug 5KBzo     
v.用力拖(或拉);苦干;n.拖;苦干;拖船
参考例句:
  • We need to tug the car round to the front.我们需要把那辆车拉到前面。
  • The tug is towing three barges.那只拖船正拖着三只驳船。
3 capitalism er4zy     
n.资本主义
参考例句:
  • The essence of his argument is that capitalism cannot succeed.他的论点的核心是资本主义不能成功。
  • Capitalism began to develop in Russia in the 19th century.十九世纪资本主义在俄国开始发展。
4 prevailing E1ozF     
adj.盛行的;占优势的;主要的
参考例句:
  • She wears a fashionable hair style prevailing in the city.她的发型是这个城市流行的款式。
  • This reflects attitudes and values prevailing in society.这反映了社会上盛行的态度和价值观。
5 ideologies 619df0528e07e84f318a32708414df52     
n.思想(体系)( ideology的名词复数 );思想意识;意识形态;观念形态
参考例句:
  • There is no fundamental diversity between the two ideologies. 这两种思想意识之间并没有根本的分歧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Radical ideologies require to contrast to their own goodness the wickedness of some other system. 凡是过激的意识形态,都需要有另外一个丑恶的制度作对比,才能衬托出自己的善良。 来自辞典例句
6 Nazi BjXyF     
n.纳粹分子,adj.纳粹党的,纳粹的
参考例句:
  • They declare the Nazi regime overthrown and sue for peace.他们宣布纳粹政权已被推翻,并出面求和。
  • Nazi closes those war criminals inside their concentration camp.纳粹把那些战犯关在他们的集中营里。
7 Soviet Sw9wR     
adj.苏联的,苏维埃的;n.苏维埃
参考例句:
  • Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
  • Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。
8 administrative fzDzkc     
adj.行政的,管理的
参考例句:
  • The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
  • He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。
9 sector yjczYn     
n.部门,部分;防御地段,防区;扇形
参考例句:
  • The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
  • The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。
10 sectors 218ffb34fa5fb6bc1691e90cd45ad627     
n.部门( sector的名词复数 );领域;防御地区;扇形
参考例句:
  • Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
11 permanently KluzuU     
adv.永恒地,永久地,固定不变地
参考例句:
  • The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
  • The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。
12 collapsed cwWzSG     
adj.倒塌的
参考例句:
  • Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
  • The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。
13 restive LWQx4     
adj.不安宁的,不安静的
参考例句:
  • The government has done nothing to ease restrictions and manufacturers are growing restive.政府未采取任何措施放松出口限制,因此国内制造商变得焦虑不安。
  • The audience grew restive.观众变得不耐烦了。
14 partially yL7xm     
adv.部分地,从某些方面讲
参考例句:
  • The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
  • The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静,宵禁部分解除。
15 crumbling Pyaxy     
adj.摇摇欲坠的
参考例句:
  • an old house with crumbling plaster and a leaking roof 一所灰泥剥落、屋顶漏水的老房子
  • The boat was tied up alongside a crumbling limestone jetty. 这条船停泊在一个摇摇欲坠的石灰岩码头边。
16 avalanche 8ujzl     
n.雪崩,大量涌来
参考例句:
  • They were killed by an avalanche in the Swiss Alps.他们在瑞士阿尔卑斯山的一次雪崩中罹难。
  • Higher still the snow was ready to avalanche.在更高处积雪随时都会崩塌。
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TAG标签:   VOA英语  常速英语
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