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教你发美音:The Sound and Style of American English-tap

时间:2005-12-11 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:jedanly   字体: [ ]
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  Course #1
LESSON 1: THE MUSIC OF AMERICAN SPEECH
Dr.David Alan Stern1
IN THIS LESSON THE TAPE TEACHES YOU THE INTONATION2 (PITCH CHANGE) PATHERN WHICH IS CHARACTERISTIC OF WELL SPOKEN, STANDARD AMERICAN ENGLISH
When it is spoken well, American speech has what I call a JUMP UP and STEP DOWN pattern of pitch change. that means that, inside each phrase or unit of thought, the pitch jumps up to a higher note on an early, important word. Then, it steps down a little bit on each syllable3 that follows within that unit. Most speakers of English as a second language do not use this JUMP UP and STEP DOWN pattern. People from some languages use little or no pitch change. In other languages, speakers use upward4 glides5 in pitch to emphasize6 ideas. With its JUMP UP / STEP DOWN pattern, American English does neither of these things.
Listen to the instructions and examples on the tape. They show you exactly how to do the simplest form of the JUMP UP and STEP DOWN pattern. After the first few demonstrations7, the tape asks you to listen to the samples and apply the pattern yourself to sentence Group I. The first time through, try using the pattern only once in each sentence by jumping in pitch on the words that I've underlined.
INTRODUCTION
1. GOOD MORNING.
2. GOOD MORNING.
3. I'M VERY HAPPY TO SEE YOU TODAY.
4. CALL HIM ON THE OFFICE TELEPHONE.
5. GOOD MORNING I'M VERY HAPPY TO MEET YOU.
6. I'M VERY HAPPY TO SEE YOU.
7. I'M VERY HAPPY TO SEE YOU TODAY.
SENTENCE GROUP I
1. I'M VERY PLEASED TO MEET YOU.
2. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR CALLING.
3. I'D LIKE TO MAKE AN APPOINTMENT FOR NEXT THURSDAY.
4. I'M GOING OUT OF TOWN AT THE END OF NEXT WEEK.
5. I WON'T BE BACK IN THE OFFICE TILL THE FOLLOWING MONDAY.
6. THERE'S TOO MUCH NOISE ON THE STREET WHERE WE LIVE.
7. I DON'T WANT TO GO THERE ANYMORE.
8. MY CAR BROKE DOWN ON THE FREEWAY THIS AFTERNOON.
9. MY OFFICE IS ON THE THIRD FLOOR, RIGHT ACROSS FROM THE ELEVATOR.
10. I'LL NEVER BE HOME ON TIME IF I KEEP GETTING TELEPHONE CALLS.
Of course, there aren't any totally right or totally wrong places for beginning these JUMP UP and STEP DOWN units. In many phrases and sentences, you have a choice of more than one place where you can begin the pattern by jumping up in pitch. Similarly8, there are many atatements in which you can use a JUMP UP and STEP DOWN pattern two, or three, or perhaps even four times. Of course. the longer the sentence, the more often you'd be able to begin a new pattern by jumping up and stressing a new idea. The tape will give you several examples of this principle using the last sentence from Group I.
10A. I'LL NEVER GET HOME ON TIME IF I KEEP GETTING TELEPHONE CALLS.
Next, the tape shows you how you can use more than one JUMP UP and STEP DOWN pattern in the first five sentences from the group. Try those sentences again, this time jumping up in pitch twice during each sentence.
1. I'M VERY PLEASED TO MEET YOU.
2. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR CALLING.
3. I'D LIKE TO MAKE AN APPOINTMENT FOR NEXT THURSDAY.
4. I'M GOING OUT OF TOWN AT THE END OF NEXT WEEK.
5. I WON'T BE BACK IN THE OFFICE TILL THE FOLLOWING MONDAY.
The tape now asks you to try an experiment. Read Sentence Group II very expressively9, but with your current accent. While you're speaking, pay attention to exactly what you are doing to stress important ideas. Now, translate the sentences in your first language; speak them enthusiastically, and see what you do to stress ideas. I hope that these exercises show most of you that you already know when to stress important words. But, in your old language or accent, you usedifferent tools of pitch or loudness to create the same effect. The tape then asks you to go back to the English sentences and try stressing the same important ideas you just discovered. This time, however, try using the new JUMP UP and STEP DOWN pattern instead of the tools from your old language. Listen carefullyto those instructions on the tape, and then try that experiment with the sentences in Group Two. For the first time, you will be trying to apply the JUMP UP and STEP DOWN pattern by yourself, without imitating a model on the tape.
SENTENCE GROUP II
1. I'D LIKE TO WELCOME ALL OF YOU TO THIS MEETING.
2. I'LL BEGIN BY INTRODUCING MYSELF TO YOU.
3. MY NAME IS _____________________ , AND I'VE BEEN PRESIDENT OF THIS COMPANY FOR THE LAST TEN YEARS.
4. I'VE SEEN A LOT OF CHANGES IN THAT TIME.
5. YES, WE'VE CERTAINLY MADE A GREAT DEAL OF PROGRESS.
6. BUT THERE IS STILL A LOT MORE TO DO IF WE'RE GOING TO CONTINUE TO GROW.
7. STARTING NEXT WEEK, WE WILL BEGIN A BRAND NEW PROJECT.
8. ALTHOUGH OUR GOALS ARE NEW, WE STILL NEED THE SAME DEDICATION10 AND THE SAME HARD WORK YOU HAVE ALREADY SHOWN US.
9. I HOPE THAT THE NEXT TEN YEARS OF PROGRESS WILL MAKE THE LAST TEN SEEM SMALL BY COMPARISON11.
At the end of Lesson #1, the tape tells you to try using the JUMP UP and STEP DOWN pattern in the little speech which results when you put SENTENCE GROUP II together into a single paragraph. The under lined words are just suggestions for pitch jumps.
SENTENCE GROUP II (as a complete speech)
"I'd like to welcome all of you to this meeting. I'll begin by introducing myself to you. My name is David Alan Stern, and I've been president of this company for the last ten years. I've seen a lot of changes in that time. Yes, we've certainly made a great deal of progress. But there is still a lot more to do if we're going to continue to grow, Starting next week, we will begin a brand new project. Although our goals are new, we still need the same dedication and the same hard work you have already shown us. I hope that the next ten years of progress make the last ten seem small by comparison."
STEP DOWN pattern in the little speech which results when you put SENTENCE GROUP II together into a single paragraph. The under lined words are just suggestions for pitch jumps.
SENTENCE GROUP II (as a complete speech)
"I'd like to welcome all of you to this meeting. I'll begin by introducing myself to you. My name is David Alan Stern, and I've been president of this company for the last ten years. I've seen a lot of changes in that time. Yes, we've certainly made a great deal of progress. But there is still a lot more to do if we're going to continue to grow, Starting next week, we will begin a brand new project. Although our goals are new, we still need the same dedication and the same hard work you have already shown us. I hope that the next ten years of progress make the last ten seem small by comparison."


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 stern 4GUz6     
adj.严厉的,严格的,严峻的;n.船尾
参考例句:
  • The ship was in a blaze from stem to stern.整艘船从头到尾都着火了。
  • The headmaster ruled the school with a stern discipline.校长治校严谨。
2 intonation ubazZ     
n.语调,声调;发声
参考例句:
  • The teacher checks for pronunciation and intonation.老师在检查发音和语调。
  • Questions are spoken with a rising intonation.疑问句是以升调说出来的。
3 syllable QHezJ     
n.音节;vt.分音节
参考例句:
  • You put too much emphasis on the last syllable.你把最后一个音节读得太重。
  • The stress on the last syllable is light.最后一个音节是轻音节。
4 upward Sj7wQ     
adj.向上的,上升的;adv.向上,上升
参考例句:
  • The birds flew upward.鸟儿向上飞去。
  • Prices have an upward tendency.价格有上升的趋势。
5 glides 31de940e5df0febeda159e69e005a0c9     
n.滑行( glide的名词复数 );滑音;音渡;过渡音v.滑动( glide的第三人称单数 );掠过;(鸟或飞机 ) 滑翔
参考例句:
  • The new dance consists of a series of glides. 这种新舞蹈中有一连串的滑步。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The stately swan glides gracefully on the pond. 天鹅在池面上优美地游动。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 emphasize YPez0     
vt.加强…的语气,强调,着重
参考例句:
  • I must emphasize the fact that she is only a little girl. 我必须强调这样一个事实,这就是她只不过是个小女孩。
  • I must emphasize the fact that they are only children. 我必须强调这一事实,即他们只不过是孩子。
7 demonstrations 0922be6a2a3be4bdbebd28c620ab8f2d     
证明( demonstration的名词复数 ); 表明; 表达; 游行示威
参考例句:
  • Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
  • The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。
8 similarly eiAz2V     
adv.类似地,相似地
参考例句:
  • He was late and I similarly was delayed.他迟到了,我也晚了。
  • These two pages are similarly glued together.这两页好像粘在一起了。
9 expressively 7tGz1k     
ad.表示(某事物)地;表达地
参考例句:
  • She gave the order to the waiter, using her hands very expressively. 她意味深长地用双手把订单递给了服务员。
  • Corleone gestured expressively, submissively, with his hands. "That is all I want." 说到这里,考利昂老头子激动而谦恭地表示:“这就是我的全部要求。” 来自教父部分
10 dedication pxMx9     
n.奉献,献身,致力,题献,献辞
参考例句:
  • We admire her courage,compassion and dedication.我们钦佩她的勇气、爱心和奉献精神。
  • Her dedication to her work was admirable.她对工作的奉献精神可钦可佩。
11 comparison TqEzY     
n.比较,对照;比拟,比喻
参考例句:
  • They make a comparison of New York to a beehive.他们把纽约比作一个蜂巢。
  • This dress is really cheaper by comparison.比较起来,这件衣服确实便宜。
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TAG标签:   美音  sound  style  american  美音  sound  style  american
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