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【英语时差8,16】青霉素的历史

时间:2015-11-06 06:26来源:互联网 提供网友:yajing   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

 Today, a fever is an uncomfortable nuisance, but a hundred-plus years ago, fevers were often fatal. The difference between then and now is the class of drugs known as antibiotics1. As the name implies, “anti-biotics” work “against life,” or, more specifically, against living cells. While other drugs, such as aspirin2, ease the symptoms of a disease, antibiotics attack the living bacteria that are causing the symptoms. The modern discovery of antibiotics is usually attributed to Alexander Fleming, who was the first to isolate3 and name “penicillin.” But the basis for Fleming’s work had begun over fifty years before. In 1874, another English scientist, William Roberts, noticed that some fungi4 were immune to bacteria. Later on, the French scientist Louis Pasteur noticed that bacteria stopped growing if they became infected with a microscopic5 fungus6 called “penicillium.”


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1 antibiotics LzgzQT     
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
2 aspirin 4yszpM     
n.阿司匹林
参考例句:
  • The aspirin seems to quiet the headache.阿司匹林似乎使头痛减轻了。
  • She went into a chemist's and bought some aspirin.她进了一家药店,买了些阿司匹林。
3 isolate G3Exu     
vt.使孤立,隔离
参考例句:
  • Do not isolate yourself from others.不要把自己孤立起来。
  • We should never isolate ourselves from the masses.我们永远不能脱离群众。
4 fungi 6hRx6     
n.真菌,霉菌
参考例句:
  • Students practice to apply the study of genetics to multicellular plants and fungi.学生们练习把基因学应用到多细胞植物和真菌中。
  • The lawn was covered with fungi.草地上到处都是蘑菇。
5 microscopic nDrxq     
adj.微小的,细微的,极小的,显微的
参考例句:
  • It's impossible to read his microscopic handwriting.不可能看清他那极小的书写字迹。
  • A plant's lungs are the microscopic pores in its leaves.植物的肺就是其叶片上微细的气孔。
6 fungus gzRyI     
n.真菌,真菌类植物
参考例句:
  • Mushrooms are a type of fungus.蘑菇是一种真菌。
  • This fungus can just be detected by the unaided eye.这种真菌只用肉眼就能检查出。
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