【英语时差8,16】食物是如何消化的？

 The human body is capable of digesting a very wide range of foods, including sugars, fats, and proteins. But the trick to such a varied¹ diet is in the body’s ability to stop digesting when the food’s all gone so that it doesn’t start in on itself. One of the ways the stomach avoids digesting itself involves the body’s careful handling of the strong chemical called protease. Protease is a group of enzymes³ that break down protein. But since the body itself is made of protein, it’s important that those enzymes don’t go to work on our own bodies. The body produces protease in the pancreas, but the pancreas doesn’t produce protease in a working condition. Instead, the protease produced in the pancreas has to be activated⁴ by another enzyme² found in the intestine⁵. Only after it is activated by the other enzyme, can the protease go to work breaking down protein. The second, activating⁶ enzyme, in turn only does its job when food enters the stomach.

1 varied   

adj.多样的，多变化的

参考例句：

• The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
• The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。

2 enzyme   

n.酵素，酶

参考例句：

• Above a certain temperature,the enzyme molecule will become unfolded.超过一定温度，酶分子将会展开。
• An enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots.能溶解血凝块中的纤维的酶。

3 enzymes   

n. 酶，酵素

参考例句：

• It was said that washing powders containing enzymes remove stains more efficiently. 据说加酶洗衣粉除污更有效。
• Among the enzymes which are particularly effective are pepsin, papain. 在酶当中特别有效的是胃朊酶、木瓜酶。

4 activated   

adj. 激活的 动词activate的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• The canister is filled with activated charcoal.蒸气回收罐中充满了活性炭。

5 intestine   

adj.内部的；国内的；n.肠

参考例句：

• This vitamin is absorbed through the walls of the small intestine.这种维生素通过小肠壁被吸收。
• The service productivity is the function,including external efficiency,intestine efficiency and capacity efficiency.服务业的生产率是一个包含有外部效率、内部效率和能力效率的函数。

6 activating   

活动的，活性的

参考例句：

• "I didn't say we'd got to stop activating the masses! “我并没说就此不发动！ 来自子夜部分
• Presumably both the very small size and activating influence of fluorine atoms contribute to this exception. 这大概是由于氟原子半径小和活性高这两个原因的影响，氟原子对这种例外做出了贡献。