【英语时差8,16】德莱尼条款

Food Safety and The Delaney Clause — on today's Congressional Moment The Delaney Clause was named after its sponsor, New York Congressman¹ Jim Delaney, and was an addition to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic² Act of 1958. Worried that pesticides³ and other harmful chemicals were finding their way into the nation's food supply, Congressman Delaney proposed a "zero risk" standard... one that prohibited any amount of food additive⁵ or pesticide⁴ found to cause cancer from being added to processed food. At the time there were virtually no legal limits, and little scientific understanding of the effect of pesticides and additives⁶ on human health. Also at that time, 1958, chemical residues⁷ could only be measured in parts per thousand. Today they can be measured in parts per trillion — sometimes even parts per quintillion. Such residues may represent negligible cancer risks. Critics argued that the "zero–risk" standard would also discourage the development of safer pesticides, since even the safer ones would not be allowed under Delaney. Congress repeatedly amended⁸ the Delaney Clause to allow for more and more exceptions, and in 1996 it was ultimately repealed⁹. The "zero–risk" standard, which made no allowances at all, was changed to one of "reasonable certainty." The Delaney Clause may seem like a policy mistake because it was so often amended, but that's not so. It officially established the link between cancer and chemicals used to produce and preserve our food supply. STANDARD CLOSE: This is Lee Hamilton. Congressional decisions impact all our lives. To find out more about how Congress works or to get involved in your government, visit the Center on Congress website at congress.indiana.edu.

1 Congressman   

n.（美）国会议员

参考例句：

• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
• The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。

2 cosmetic   

n.化妆品；adj.化妆用的；装门面的；装饰性的

参考例句：

• These changes are purely cosmetic.这些改变纯粹是装饰门面。
• Laughter is the best cosmetic,so grin and wear it!微笑是最好的化妆品，所以请尽情微笑吧！

3 pesticides   

n.杀虫剂( pesticide的名词复数 )；除害药物

参考例句：

• vegetables grown without the use of pesticides 未用杀虫剂种植的蔬菜
• There is a lot of concern over the amount of herbicides and pesticides used in farming. 人们对农业上灭草剂和杀虫剂的用量非常担忧。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 pesticide   

n.杀虫剂，农药

参考例句：

• The pesticide was spread over the vegetable plot.菜田里撒上了农药。
• This pesticide is diluted with water and applied directly to the fields.这种杀虫剂用水稀释后直接施用在田里。

5 additive   

adj.附加的；n.添加剂

参考例句：

• Colour is often an additive in foods.颜料经常是各种食物中的添加物。
• Strict safety tests are carried out on food additives.对食品添加剂进行了严格的安全检测。

6 additives   

n.添加剂( additive的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• chemical additives in petrol 汽油中的化学添加剂
• It'says on the packet that these crisps contain no additives. 包装上说这些炸薯片不含添加剂。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 residues   

n.剩余，余渣( residue的名词复数 )；剩余财产；剩数

参考例句：

• pesticide residues in fruit and vegetables 残留在水果和蔬菜中的杀虫剂
• All organic and metallic residues on the wafers must be removed. 片子上所有的有机和金属残留物均必须清除。 来自辞典例句

8 Amended   

adj. 修正的 动词amend的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He asked to see the amended version. 他要求看修订本。
• He amended his speech by making some additions and deletions. 他对讲稿作了些增删修改。

9 repealed   

撤销，废除( repeal的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The Labour Party repealed the Act. 工党废除了那项法令。
• The legislature repealed the unpopular Rent Act. 立法机关废除了不得人心的租借法案。