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7-12 美国航空航天局成功试飞超高音速喷气机

时间:2006-10-17 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:toad   字体: [ ]
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NASA Successfully Tests Hypersonic1 Jet

 

Three years after its first test flight ended in an explosion, NASA on March 27 successfully launched an experimental jet that the agency believes reached a record-setting speed of about 5,000 mph.

 

The unpiloted X-43A made an 11-second rocket boosted flight, then went through some twists and turns during a six-minute glide1 before plunging2 into the Pacific Ocean about 400 miles off the California coast.

 

Flight engineer Lawrence Huebner said preliminary data indicated the needle-nosed jet reached a maximum speed of slightly over seven times the speed of sound, or about 5,000 mph, after a rocket boosted it to about 3,500 mph. Huebner said it was the first time an “ air-breathing” jet had ever traveled so fast. The rocket powered X-15 reached Mach2 6.7 in 1967.

 

NASA built the X-43A under a 250 million program to develop and test an exotic type of engine called a supersonic-combustion33 ramjet4, or scramjet. In theory, the air-breathing engine could propel an airplane to speeds of Mach 7 or faster, enabling around-the-world flights that would take several hours. The Department of Defense4 also is working on the technology, which is eyeing for use in bombers5 that quickly could reach targets anywhere on the globe.

 

A third X-43A could fly as early as the fall.

 

注释:

1. hypersonic [7haipE(:)5sCnik] a.  超高音速的(指超过音速5倍以上的)

2. Mach [mB:k] (number) n.  马赫(),表示物体在介质(如空气)中的移动速度与音速之比,因此Mach6.7相当于音速的6.7

3. combustion [kEm5bQstFEn] n.  燃烧

4. ramjet [5rAmdVet] (engine) [] 冲压式喷气发动机

 

 

美国航空航天局成功试飞超高音速喷气机

 

3月27日,美国航空航天局成功发射了一架试验喷气机,该机构认为该机的时速达到了创纪录的5000英里左右。这是美国航空航天局在3年前首次试飞以爆炸结束后的再度尝试。

这一型号为X43A的无人驾驶飞机在11秒的火箭助推飞行之后,进行了6分钟的滑翔,并伴随着一些曲线前进和转弯动作,最后在距加利福尼亚海岸约400英里的太平洋海域溅落。

飞行工程师劳伦斯·许布纳说,初步数据显示,在火箭将其时速推进到大约3500英里之后,这一鼻端呈针状的喷气机的极速稍稍超过了7倍音速,或者说达到了5000英里/小时左右。许布纳说,这是采用喷气技术的喷气机首次达到如此高的速度。1967年,以火箭为推进动力的X15曾达到6.7马赫。

美国航空航天局为建造X43A耗资2.5亿美元,用于开发和测试一种新型的引擎,叫做超音速燃烧冲压式喷气引擎(简称scramjet)。从理论上讲,这种喷气引擎可以将飞机速度推进到7马赫甚至更快,使飞机能在数小时内完成环球飞行。目前,美国国防部也在研究这一技术,目的是研制出能迅速抵达全球任何地点的轰炸机。

第三架X43A最早可望在今年秋季试飞。

 


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 glide 2gExT     
n./v.溜,滑行;(时间)消逝
参考例句:
  • We stood in silence watching the snake glide effortlessly.我们噤若寒蝉地站着,眼看那条蛇逍遥自在地游来游去。
  • So graceful was the ballerina that she just seemed to glide.那芭蕾舞女演员翩跹起舞,宛如滑翔。
2 plunging 5fe12477bea00d74cd494313d62da074     
adj.跳进的,突进的v.颠簸( plunge的现在分词 );暴跌;骤降;突降
参考例句:
  • War broke out again, plunging the people into misery and suffering. 战祸复发,生灵涂炭。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • He is plunging into an abyss of despair. 他陷入了绝望的深渊。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 combustion 4qKzS     
n.燃烧;氧化;骚动
参考例句:
  • We might be tempted to think of combustion.我们也许会联想到氧化。
  • The smoke formed by their combustion is negligible.由它燃烧所生成的烟是可忽略的。
4 defense AxbxB     
n.防御,保卫;[pl.]防务工事;辩护,答辩
参考例句:
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
5 bombers 38202cf84a1722d1f7273ea32117f60d     
n.轰炸机( bomber的名词复数 );投弹手;安非他明胶囊;大麻叶香烟
参考例句:
  • Enemy bombers carried out a blitz on the city. 敌军轰炸机对这座城市进行了突袭。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The Royal Airforce sill remained dangerously short of bombers. 英国皇家空军仍未脱离极为缺乏轰炸机的危境。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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