国家地理 牙买加黑人历史

During Jamaica's colonial era, the English capitalized on the island's mild weather and rich soil,

在牙买加殖民时期，英国人利用岛上温和的气候和肥沃的土壤，

planting sugarcane, making Jamaica England's largest supplier.

种植甘蔗，使牙买加成为英格兰最大的供应商。

But the riches of the sugarcane came with a price.

但是甘蔗的丰富是有代价的。

Thousands of Africans were enslaved to work the sugar plantations¹, but not for long.

成千上万的非洲人被奴役在甘蔗种植园工作，但时间并不长。

In fact one of the earliest slave revolts in New World took place here.

事实上，新大陆最早的一场奴隶起义就是在这里发生的。

The Maroons³, as the rebels were called, rose up, destroyed plantations, freed other slaves and then fled to the mountains for safety.

这些被称为“黑人”的人奋起反抗，摧毁了种植园，释放了其他奴隶，然后逃到山区寻求安全。

The Maroons ambushed⁴ the British military from their mountain hideaways.

牙买加黑人从山下的藏身之处伏击了英国军队。

Their leader was a fierce female warrior⁵ named Nanny, believed to possess supernatural powers.

他们的首领是一个凶猛的女战士，名叫南妮，被认为拥有超自然的力量。

And after decades of trying to control the Maroons, the British finally granted them land and freedom.

经过几十年控制这些黑人的尝试，英国人最终给了他们土地和自由。

Today they live in Jamaica's foothills.

今天他们住在牙买加的山麓。

As a communal⁶ society, they elect a colonel that presides over a tribal⁷ council.

作为一个集体社会，他们选举了一个上校，由他掌管部落议会。

They are free people in Jamaica, you know, they have their own laws, their own governor, everything, anything happening in their village.

他们是牙买加的自由人，你们知道，他们有自己的法律，他们自己的州长，他们村里发生的一切。

They deal with it from there.

他们从那里开始处理。

But the Maroon² way is slowly disappearing.

但是牙买加黑人的路正在慢慢消失。

Originally the Abeng horn was an alarm, a warning that enemy troops were coming up the mountains.

最初，阿朋角是一个警报，一个敌人的部队正在上山的警告。

A direct link between Maroon customs and their African roots can be traced to a few small tribes in Ghana.

牙买加黑人风俗与它们的非洲根源之间的直接联系可以追溯到加纳的几个小部落。

In Ghana, in their shindy when they're having their ceremony, they put a lot of herbs on, on their body.

在加纳，当他们举行仪式的时候，他们穿着鲜艳的衣服，在身上放了很多药草。

If you come to the Maroons in Jamaica, it is the same way.

如果你来到牙买加黑人中间，也是这样。

For Jamaican Maroons, life continues to be based on the land and their fierce attachment⁸ to their hard-won independence.

对于牙买加黑人来说，生活仍然以土地和他们对来之不易的独立的强烈依恋为基础。

1 plantations   

n.种植园，大农场( plantation的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Soon great plantations, supported by slave labor, made some families very wealthy. 不久之后出现了依靠奴隶劳动的大庄园，使一些家庭成了富豪。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• Winterborne's contract was completed, and the plantations were deserted. 维恩特波恩的合同完成后，那片林地变得荒废了。 来自辞典例句

2 maroon   

v.困住，使（人）处于孤独无助之境；n.逃亡黑奴；孤立的人；酱紫色，褐红色；adj.酱紫色的，褐红色的

参考例句：

• Five couples were marooned in their caravans when the River Avon broke its banks.埃文河决堤的时候，有5对夫妇被困在了他们的房车里。
• Robinson Crusoe has been marooned on a desert island for 26 years.鲁滨逊在荒岛上被困了26年。

3 maroons   

n.逃亡黑奴（maroon的复数形式）vt.把…放逐到孤岛（maroon的第三人称单数形式）

参考例句：

• Put 'em ashore like maroons? 将他们放逐到某个荒岛上去吗？ 来自英汉文学 - 金银岛
• A mix of maroons and peach, tangerine and coral are introduced by a gold-green hazel. 栗色和桃色的组合，橘和珊瑚色加上淡褐色。 来自互联网

4 ambushed   

v.埋伏( ambush的过去式和过去分词 )；埋伏着

参考例句：

• The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The military vehicles were ambushed. 军车遭到伏击。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 warrior   

n.勇士，武士，斗士

参考例句：

• The young man is a bold warrior.这个年轻人是个很英勇的武士。
• A true warrior values glory and honor above life.一个真正的勇士珍视荣誉胜过生命。

6 communal   

adj.公有的，公共的，公社的，公社制的

参考例句：

• There was a communal toilet on the landing for the four flats.在楼梯平台上有一处公共卫生间供4套公寓使用。
• The toilets and other communal facilities were in a shocking state.厕所及其他公共设施的状况极其糟糕。

7 tribal   

adj.部族的，种族的

参考例句：

• He became skilled in several tribal lingoes.他精通几种部族的语言。
• The country was torn apart by fierce tribal hostilities.那个国家被部落间的激烈冲突弄得四分五裂。

8 attachment   

n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附

参考例句：

• She has a great attachment to her sister.她十分依恋她的姐姐。
• She's on attachment to the Ministry of Defense.她现在隶属于国防部。