华盛顿邮报 美国立法改革选举制度

So, each bill has a different set of parameters¹ -- a different set of things that it would address.

所以，每个法案都适应一组不同的范围——法案要解决的一组不同的问题。

But in layman's terms, or to put it as simply as possible, what they would do is really stop a lot of the raft of legislation that has come out by Republican-dominated legislatures across the country,

但用外行的话说，或者尽可能简单地说，他们要做的就是阻止全国范围内由共和党主导的立法机构提出的大量立法，

including in Georgia, that make it just harder for people to vote; that put additional restrictions² on registration³.

包括乔治亚州的立法机构，这些立法让人们更难投票; 给登记增加了额外的限制。

All of these things that were protected by the Voting Rights Act of 1965 would basically be codified⁴ into law and made so that states cannot have more onerous⁵ restrictions on the right to vote.

所有这些受到1965年《投票权法案》保护的东西基本上都将被编纂成法律，这样各州就不会对投票的权利有更繁琐的限制。

One of the things in the Freedom to Vote Act would be to expand the different types of IDs that would be required.

《投票自由法案》的内容之一是扩大所需的不同类型的身份证件。

I was talking with some advocates yesterday, and they're talking about just the difficulty that, you know -- If a student, say, lives in one state but attends school in another state, a certain ID is perfectly⁶ legitimate⁷ in their home state.

我昨天和一些支持者交谈过，他们谈到了一个困难，你知道，如果一个学生，住在一个州，但在另一个州上学，一个特定的身份证件在他们的家乡是完全合法的。

But in the state that their school is in, it's illegitimate and can't be used.

但在他们学校所在的州，这是不合法的，不能使用。

And so, a lot of, it is sort of codifying⁸ these rules and regulations and stopping insidious-minded people from imposing⁹ these really, really onerous restrictions.

因此，这是一种编纂这些规则和规定的工作，阻止那些阴险的人强加这些非常非常繁琐的限制。

So, then, why is there unified¹⁰ Republican opposition¹¹ to these changes?

那么，为什么共和党人会一致反对这些改革呢?

Both sides actually say the same thing -- that the other side is trying to sort of unfairly weight elections and the right to vote in their favor.

双方实际上都说了同样的话--对方试图不公平地权衡选举和对他们有利的投票权。

You know, democrats¹² are saying that Republicans are trying to stop people from voting and to take away this right to vote and to make it really, really hard to register.

民主党人表示，共和党人试图阻止人们投票，剥夺投票的权利，让登记变得非常非常困难。

While Republicans, meanwhile, say that Democrats are going willy-nilly and don't really care about election security, election integrity, if that means that they will win certain elections.

与此同时，共和党人则表示，民主党人在乱搞，并不真正关心选举安全、选举公正，如果这意味着他们将赢得某些选举的话。

There's a piece of voting reform that isn't in either of the bills we just talked about, but it has come up many times.

有一项投票改革并没有出现在我们刚才讨论的法案中，但它已经被提了很多次。

Some Democrats are pushing for it, and that's reforms to something called the Electoral Count Act.

一些民主党人正在推动这项改革，这就是所谓的《选举计票法案》的改革。

Can you explain what that is and why that hasn't been included in legislation thus far?

你能解释一下这是什么吗?为什么到目前为止还没有纳入立法吗?

So, the Electoral Count Act was put into place during Reconstruction¹³ to address a really, really specific problem with that year's election.

《选举计票法案》是在《重建》期间实施以解决那年选举中一个非常非常具体的问题。

But what Democrats and some Republicans are saying now is that that act has been abused -- was abused on January 6, 2021 -- to allow some people to insidiously¹⁴ object to the results of the election.

但民主党人和一些共和党人现在表示，这项法案被滥用——在2021年1月6日被滥用——允许一些人阴险地反对选举结果。

And so, what Democrats and some Republicans are clamoring to do now is to figure out how they make that acceptance or the Vice¹⁵ President's role in that more ceremonial than anything so that there is no sort of partisan¹⁶ bottleneck¹⁷ that exists to approve elections so that it's just ceremonial.

因此，民主党人和一些共和党人现在吵着要做的是弄清楚他们如何让选举变得可接受，让副总统在其中扮演的角色比任何事情都更具仪式性，这样就不会存在批准选举的党派瓶颈，这样选举只是仪式性的。

This is what the people want, and this is what's going to happen.

这是人民想要的，这是将要发生的。 

1 parameters   

因素，特征； 界限； （限定性的）因素( parameter的名词复数 )； 参量； 参项； 决定因素

参考例句：

• We have to work within the parameters of time. 我们的工作受时间所限。
• See parameters.cpp for a compilable example. This is part of the Spirit distribution. 可编译例子见parameters.cpp.这是Spirit分发包的组成部分。

2 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

3 registration   

n.登记，注册，挂号

参考例句：

• Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
• What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

4 codified   

v.把（法律）编成法典( codify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• In the meantime, however, Kennecott had been codified elsewhere in the Act. 然而，“肯尼考特”一案已被编人法案。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Congress has since codified this holding. 从那时以来，国会编纂整理了最高法院的这一裁定。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法

5 onerous   

adj.繁重的

参考例句：

• My household duties were not particularly onerous.我的家务活并不繁重。
• This obligation sometimes proves onerous.这一义务有时被证明是艰巨的。

6 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

7 legitimate   

adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法

参考例句：

• Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
• That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

8 codifying   

v.把（法律）编成法典( codify的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• For this reason, the disputations of codifying administrative procedures in domain are becoming more and more. 因此，有关行政程序法典化的各种争论在理论界也愈来愈多。 来自互联网

9 imposing   

adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的

参考例句：

• The fortress is an imposing building.这座城堡是一座宏伟的建筑。
• He has lost his imposing appearance.他已失去堂堂仪表。

10 unified   

(unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的

参考例句：

• The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
• The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。

11 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

12 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 reconstruction   

n.重建，再现，复原

参考例句：

• The country faces a huge task of national reconstruction following the war.战后，该国面临着重建家园的艰巨任务。
• In the period of reconstruction,technique decides everything.在重建时期，技术决定一切。

14 insidiously   

潜在地，隐伏地，阴险地

参考例句：

• This disease may develop insidiously, with fever as the only clinical manifestation. 这种病可能隐袭发生，仅有发热为其唯一的临床表现。
• Actinobacillosis develops insidiously in soft tissues. 放线杆菌病是在软组织中呈隐袭性发生的。

15 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

16 partisan   

adj.党派性的；游击队的；n.游击队员；党徒

参考例句：

• In their anger they forget all the partisan quarrels.愤怒之中，他们忘掉一切党派之争。
• The numerous newly created partisan detachments began working slowly towards that region.许多新建的游击队都开始慢慢地向那里移动。

17 bottleneck   

n.瓶颈口，交通易阻的狭口；妨生产流程的一环

参考例句：

• The transportation bottleneck has blocked the movement of the cargo.运输的困难阻塞了货物的流通。
• China's strained railroads already become a bottleneck for the economy.中国紧张的铁路运输已经成为经济增长的瓶颈。