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经济学人464:波兰政府 能力的体现

时间:2014-11-10 05:35来源:互联网 提供网友:mapleleaf   字体: [ ]
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   Poland's government

  波兰政府
  Flashes of competence1
  能力的体现
  Poland's new prime minister is matter-of-fact to a fault
  波兰新总理坦然面对困难
  Ewa Kopacz
  埃娃·科帕奇
  AS A chain-smoking doctor, Ewa Kopacz clearly has a certain appetite for personal risk. In her case, it also seems to exhaust any appetite for risk. But as she prepares to take over as prime minister of Poland, following Donald Tusk2's elevation3 to the presidency4 of the European Council, her central message is one of safety. Her main promise to voters is that she will not make any radical5 changes before next year's parliamentary elections.
  作为一个嗜烟的医生,埃娃·科帕奇对个人风险有某种嗜好。对她来说,风险似乎会让她筋疲力竭。在唐纳德·图斯克接任了在欧盟委员会的主席之后,科帕奇准备接任波兰总理,其思想核心之一是安全。她对支持者的主要承诺是,在明年议会大选到来之前不做任何根本性的改变。
  In foreign policy that means dropping the confrontational6 approach to Russia favoured by Mr Tusk and Radek Sikorski, his foreign minister. In domestic policy Ms Kopacz promises more nursery schools, more old-people's homes, help for students wanting to study abroad and measures to reduce youth unemployment.
  波兰外交政策上,图斯克和前外交部长拉德克·斯考斯基更赞成减少与俄罗斯的对抗。在国内政策上,科帕奇允诺建立更多的幼儿学校,更多的养老院,帮助那些想要出国学习的孩子并且调控降低青年失业率。
  波兰政府.jpg
  “I don't suspect she has any vision,” says Jacek Zakowski, a Polish journalist. Ms Kopacz is a pragmatic centrist, he says, with perhaps a bit more of a natural sensitivity than Mr Tusk.
  “我从不怀疑她是个有眼力的人”,波兰记者亚瑟·扎克沃斯基说,“科帕奇是一个很实际的中立派议员,同时还比图斯克多了一些天然的敏感性。”
  Although she sets out to present a motherly public persona, Ms Kopacz occasionally displays flashes of Thatcherite steel. When she was health minister in 2009, she refused to be browbeaten7 into mandating8 an untested swine-flu vaccine9, despite fears of a global epidemic10. After the crash of a government plane in 2010 in Russia, which killed 96 people, including Poland's president, Ms Kopacz went to Moscow to take part in the stomach-churning work of identifying the dead.
  即使她展现出一种慈母般的公众形象,科帕奇偶尔会展示出撒切尔光环一般的闪光点。当她在2009年担任卫生部大臣的时候,尽管当时是全球恐慌状态,她也拒绝被迫批准未经检疫的流感疫苗。2010年政府飞机在俄罗斯坠毁,包括当时的波兰总统在内共有96人丧生,科帕奇前往莫斯科去参加那令人反胃的辨认尸体工作。
  Ms Kopacz has promised similar toughness during this week's European Union talks on the reduction of carbon emissions11, resisted by Poland, which relies heavily on coal for its power. She has promised her public cheap electricity prices and even threatened to veto the climate negotiations12 if they do not go her way.
  在这周关于减少二氧化碳排放量的欧盟会议上,科帕奇表现出了相同的韧性,因为波兰的传统用煤来获取能量。她也承诺了廉价的公共电力价格,如果不按照她的思路,她甚至威胁否决能源谈判。
  The new prime minister has done a good job of seizing control of the ruling Civic13 Platform party (PO). Some feared the party was about to destroy itself. But Ms Kopacz has carried along her biggest rivals, including Grzegorz Schetyna, who is now foreign minister, and Cezary Grabarczyk, who took the justice portfolio14. As a result, PO is firmly under her control.
  新总理在掌握对公民纲领党的规划控制方面已经做得很好了。一些人依然担心这个党派会自毁前程。但科帕奇已经说服了她最大的对手,新的外交大臣格热戈日·谢蒂纳,以及公平证券投资的赛扎里·格拉巴尔奇克。因此,公民纲领当最终落入她的掌控之中。
  Jacek Rostowski, the former finance minister, on the other hand, has been sidelined by Ms Kopacz, who refused to make him chief of her team of economic advisers15. Mr Sikorski was kicked upstairs to be speaker of parliament, but he is already in trouble with the new prime minister. She berated16 him this week after he was forced to make a humiliating retreat, first telling an American political-news website that Vladimir Putin had suggested to Mr Tusk that Poland and Russia carve up Ukraine between them. He later admitted that Mr Tusk had not met one-on-one with Mr Putin during his trip in February 2008 to Moscow. “My memory failed me,” he said.
  另一方面,前任财长亚瑟·罗斯托斯基一直被科帕奇边缘化,科帕奇拒绝让他担任她的经纪团队顾问。斯考斯基被“踢”上了议会发言人的位置,但他也与新总统产生了隔阂。这周,在斯考斯基被迫做出的羞耻的退避,并首次向一家美国政治新闻网站透露,普京曾建议图斯克,让波兰与俄罗斯一起瓜分乌克兰位于他们中间的部分之后,遭到了科帕奇的严厉指责。他晚些时候承认,在2008年2月访问莫斯科市没有与普京进行单独会面,“我的记忆害了我”,他说。
  Poles seem to be taking to Ms Kopacz. They had grown tired of Mr Tusk who came to power in 2007. Ms Kopacz's early flashes of competence have easily surpassed the low bar set for her. A new poll shows PO at 34% compared with 30% for its main rival, the right-wing Law and Justice party (PiS). (PO was trailing PiS in polls in the last year of the Tusk government.)
  波兰人似乎接受了科帕奇,自2007年图斯克执政以来他们已经渐感疲惫。科帕奇早期能力的体现已经远远超过了对她设立的最低标准。一项新的民意调查显示,公民纲领党拥有34%的支持率,而它的主要对手右翼法律公正党只有30%。(在去年图斯克政府的民调中公民纲领党的支持率位居法律公正党之后)
  Ms Kopacz will lead her party into local elections in November before the national elections next year. Party activists17 have become more optimistic about PO's chances of winning both. If Ms Kopacz is still prime minister in 2016, she will need to define some form of a vision for Poland. “Will it be a deregulation agenda or a lightly social one? I don't know,” says Ryszard Petru, president of the Association of Polish Economists18; “there are a lot of questions and not many answers.”
  科帕奇将会在明年的国家大选之前的11月份当地选举中领导她的政党。入党积极分子更加看好公民纲领党这个双赢的机会。如果科帕奇在2016年继任总理,她将要为波兰确定未来发展形势。“这将会变成违规议程还是轻松地社会问题,我不得而知。”波兰经济学家联合会的理夏德·彼特鲁说,“这里有许多问题,但是却没有许多答案。”

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 competence NXGzV     
n.能力,胜任,称职
参考例句:
  • This mess is a poor reflection on his competence.这种混乱情况说明他难当此任。
  • These are matters within the competence of the court.这些是法院权限以内的事。
2 tusk KlRww     
n.獠牙,长牙,象牙
参考例句:
  • The wild boar had its tusk sunk deeply into a tree and howled desperately.野猪的獠牙陷在了树里,绝望地嗥叫着。
  • A huge tusk decorated the wall of his study.他书房的墙上装饰着一支巨大的象牙。
3 elevation bqsxH     
n.高度;海拔;高地;上升;提高
参考例句:
  • The house is at an elevation of 2,000 metres.那幢房子位于海拔两千米的高处。
  • His elevation to the position of General Manager was announced yesterday.昨天宣布他晋升总经理职位。
4 presidency J1HzD     
n.总统(校长,总经理)的职位(任期)
参考例句:
  • Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
  • Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。
5 radical hA8zu     
n.激进份子,原子团,根号;adj.根本的,激进的,彻底的
参考例句:
  • The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
  • She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。
6 confrontational confrontational     
adj.挑衅的;对抗的
参考例句:
  • Fans love rappers partly because they strike such a confrontational pose. 乐迷热爱这些饶舌艺人一定程度上是因为他们所采取的那种战斗姿态。 来自互联网
  • You prefer a non confrontational approach when it comes to resolving disputes. 面对争端,你不喜欢采用对抗性的手段来解决。 来自互联网
7 browbeaten ad02df117b280d44bcbbec7179435d03     
v.(以言辞或表情)威逼,恫吓( browbeat的过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • They were browbeaten into accepting the offer. 他们被威逼接受了提议。
  • Why was I always suffering, always browbeaten, always accused, for ever condemned? 我为什么老受折磨,老受欺侮,老挨骂,一辈子也翻不了身呢? 来自辞典例句
8 mandating c62e9d854cbfb789e6edc0c8d21324f7     
托管(mandate的现在分词形式)
参考例句:
  • Current requirements mandating that committees keep minutes are too general. 目前对委员会要保持详细记录的指令性要求,还是太过一般化了。
  • Mandating that workers who quit without permission forfeit a month's wages. 规定工人私自离岗将受到罚没一个月工资的处罚。
9 vaccine Ki1wv     
n.牛痘苗,疫苗;adj.牛痘的,疫苗的
参考例句:
  • The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
  • She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
10 epidemic 5iTzz     
n.流行病;盛行;adj.流行性的,流传极广的
参考例句:
  • That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
  • The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。
11 emissions 1a87f8769eb755734e056efecb5e2da9     
排放物( emission的名词复数 ); 散发物(尤指气体)
参考例句:
  • Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
  • Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。
12 negotiations af4b5f3e98e178dd3c4bac64b625ecd0     
协商( negotiation的名词复数 ); 谈判; 完成(难事); 通过
参考例句:
  • negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
  • Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。
13 civic Fqczn     
adj.城市的,都市的,市民的,公民的
参考例句:
  • I feel it is my civic duty to vote.我认为投票选举是我作为公民的义务。
  • The civic leaders helped to forward the project.市政府领导者协助促进工程的进展。
14 portfolio 9OzxZ     
n.公事包;文件夹;大臣及部长职位
参考例句:
  • He remembered her because she was carrying a large portfolio.他因为她带着一个大公文包而记住了她。
  • He resigned his portfolio.他辞去了大臣职务。
15 advisers d4866a794d72d2a666da4e4803fdbf2e     
顾问,劝告者( adviser的名词复数 ); (指导大学新生学科问题等的)指导教授
参考例句:
  • a member of the President's favoured circle of advisers 总统宠爱的顾问班子中的一员
  • She withdrew to confer with her advisers before announcing a decision. 她先去请教顾问然后再宣布决定。
16 berated 7e0b3e1e519ba5108b59a723201d68e1     
v.严厉责备,痛斥( berate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Marion berated Joe for the noise he made. 玛丽昂严厉斥责乔吵吵闹闹。 来自辞典例句
  • It berated Mussolini for selling out to Berlin. 它严厉谴责了墨索里尼背叛、投靠柏林的行径。 来自辞典例句
17 activists 90fd83cc3f53a40df93866d9c91bcca4     
n.(政治活动的)积极分子,活动家( activist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
  • Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 economists 2ba0a36f92d9c37ef31cc751bca1a748     
n.经济学家,经济专家( economist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
  • Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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