纪录片《凡尔赛宫》 61坚定信念是达到结局的决心

One of the most powerful opponents ofreform

反对改革者中权力最大的一位

was the king's own brother, le Comte de Provence,

是国王的兄弟 普罗旺斯伯爵

known in court simply as Monsieur.

在法庭中被所有人称为先生

He clung to the traditional order of French society.

他坚决支持法国社会的传统阶级制度

Three estates under the king—the clergy¹,

国王之下 分为三个阶级:神职人员

the nobility and the rest.

贵族 以及普通民众

With only the rest paying taxes.

而且 只有普通民众需要缴税

The gossip in Paris,

巴黎的流言

combined with the strong vocal² opposition³ inside Versailles,

与凡尔赛宫中直接的反对声音结合

began to undermine Louis' faith in Turgot and reform.

开始侵蚀路易对杜尔哥和改革的信心

Louis XVI must not have known which way to turn,

路易十六应该不知道要何去何从

because the economists⁴ are divided and,

因为经济学家们分成了不同派别

fundamentally, the issue is the French state and whether it will survive.

而这涉及到法国是否能存续的基本问题

Very momentous⁵ decisions for a young man to take.

这个年轻人要做出一系列非常重大的决定

It looked initially⁶ as if he was going to stand firm.

起初 他看起来是要支持变革

However, his confidence was undermined.

然而 他的信心被逐渐摧毁

Louis XVI lacked the willingness tosupporthim to the bitter end.

路易十六缺乏支持他到达结局的决心

1 clergy   

n.[总称]牧师，神职人员

参考例句：

• I could heartily wish that more of our country clergy would follow this example.我衷心希望，我国有更多的牧师效法这个榜样。
• All the local clergy attended the ceremony.当地所有的牧师出席了仪式。

2 vocal   

adj.直言不讳的；嗓音的；n.[pl.]声乐节目

参考例句：

• The tongue is a vocal organ.舌头是一个发音器官。
• Public opinion at last became vocal.终于舆论哗然。

3 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

4 economists   

n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
• Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 momentous   

adj.重要的，重大的

参考例句：

• I am deeply honoured to be invited to this momentous occasion.能应邀出席如此重要的场合，我深感荣幸。
• The momentous news was that war had begun.重大的新闻是战争已经开始。

6 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。