礼节美语 Business Etiquette 180 Bargaining (2)

　　Gina带美国老板Jason去购物，Jason让Gina教他砍价。
Jason: So what's the general amount that they mark up by? Thirty percent? Forty?
G: They could mark it up seventy percent or even one hundred! That's why you've got to have an in-depth working knowledge of local prices - that way, if they quote an outrageous¹ price, you can just laugh.
Jason想知道购物中心商品标价一般要比合理价格高出多少，mark up是把抬高价格的意思，相反的，mark down 则是减价销售。Gina说，有时价格会故意标高70%，甚至100%。这也就是为什么要了解当地的价格行情，have an in-depth working knowledge of something，是深度了解的意思，in-depth is spelled i-n in, and d-e-p-t-h, depth, in-depth，这样如果别人quote an outrageous price，抬出宰人的高价，outrageous is spelled o-u-t-r-a-g-e-o-u-s, outrageous, 意思是超乎寻常的，另外需要注意的，要价动词用的是 quote, q-u-o-t-e, quote.
J: In America we generally can't get away with bargaining in many shops. The prices are listed on the price tag and that's that. Sometimes you can get a discount, but it's usually never more than ten percent or so.
G: In China, pretty much all prices are negotiable. Some vendors² tell me they actually respect buyers who can drive a hard bargain.
J: That's interesting.
Jason说，在美国，商店都是明码标价，The prices are listed on the price tag. Price tag，是价格标签的意思，有时也能享受优惠discount, discount，是减价、打折的意思，但是一般很少超过百分之十。Gina说，在中国，几乎所有价格都可以砍，negotiable is spelled n-e-g-o-t-i-a-b-l-e, negotiable，是可以商量的意思。有些卖主甚至更瞧得起会砍价的买主，drive a hard bargain，是固定用法，意思是会砍价。
G: Yes...but of course the seller will always try to win the bargaining battle...that's the nature of the game.
J: Yeah, it is like a game, isn't it? Both people are bluffing⁴, just like in poker⁵.
G: That's right. But you have to get a sense of where the bottom line is. After a while you learn to recognize a look in the seller's eyes that says: I'm really not going to go any lower.
确实，砍价就象打牌，讨价还价的双方都要虚张声势，bluff³ is spelled b-l-u-f-f, bluff, bluff，是虚张声势的意思。Gina 说，没错，关键是要识别卖主的底线，bottom line，要能从卖主的眼神里看出，他真的不会再降价了。

1 outrageous   

adj.无理的，令人不能容忍的

参考例句：

• Her outrageous behaviour at the party offended everyone.她在聚会上的无礼行为触怒了每一个人。
• Charges for local telephone calls are particularly outrageous.本地电话资费贵得出奇。

2 vendors   

n.摊贩( vendor的名词复数 )；小贩；（房屋等的）卖主；卖方

参考例句：

• The vendors were gazundered at the last minute. 卖主在最后一刻被要求降低房价。
• At the same time, interface standards also benefIt'software vendors. 同时，界面标准也有利于软件开发商。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

3 bluff   

v.虚张声势，用假象骗人；n.虚张声势，欺骗

参考例句：

• His threats are merely bluff.他的威胁仅仅是虚张声势。
• John is a deep card.No one can bluff him easily.约翰是个机灵鬼。谁也不容易欺骗他。

4 bluffing   

n. 威吓，唬人 动词bluff的现在分词形式

参考例句：

• I don't think he'll shoot—I think he's just bluffing. 我认为他不会开枪—我想他不过是在吓唬人。
• He says he'll win the race, but he's only bluffing. 他说他会赢得这场比赛，事实上只是在吹牛。

5 poker   

n.扑克；vt.烙制

参考例句：

• He was cleared out in the poker game.他打扑克牌，把钱都输光了。
• I'm old enough to play poker and do something with it.我打扑克是老手了，可以玩些花样。