【美国精神】第82期

Explanation:

  In 1952, a man became the president of the United States with a simple slogan (or phrase used in an election): “I like Ike.” Ike was a nickname¹ (or a name that he liked to use), but his real name was Dwight David Eisenhower. He was one of the few generals (or military leaders) to become a U.S. president.

  Eisenhower studied at West Point, which is a famous U.S. military academy² (or school). He served (or worked in the military) in the United States and the Philippines. But his real military career (or job) began with World War II. After the Japanese attacked (or fought against) Pearl³ Harbor⁴ in Hawaii, Eisenhower went to Washington, DC where he helped to make important war plans against Japan and Germany. He then had more and more important roles (or jobs and responsibilities) in the U.S. army. In 1944 and 1945, General Eisenhower had command (or control) of all the Allied⁵ forces, which included all the soldiers from all the countries who were fighting against Japan, Germany, and Italy.

  During the war, Eisenhower demonstrated⁶ (or showed) great leadership, which is the ability to make other people believe in him and follow him. When the war ended, Eisenhower was recognized (or seen) as a war hero, or someone who fought very well and very bravely in a war. Many Americans admired him because they thought he had done many good things for his country and the world, helping⁷ to end a horrible war. Because so many Americans admired him, he was elected (or chosen as) president in 1952. He served as president from 1953 to 1961.

  As the 34th president of the United States, Eisenhower did many important things. He helped to build many interstate highways, which are long roads where cars can drive very quickly from one state to another. He also supported the integration⁸ of America’s schools, making sure that African American (or black) and white children could study at the same schools, even though the idea was very unpopular at the time. Alaska and Hawaii became states while he was serving (or working) as president.

 

问题：

Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?

Answer:

World War II

1 nickname   

n.绰号，昵称；v.给...取绰号，叫错名字

参考例句：

• She called me by my nickname.她叫我的外号。
• Why do you fasten such a nickname on her?你为什么给她取这样一个绰号？

2 academy   

n.(高等)专科院校；学术社团，协会，研究院

参考例句：

• This is an academy of music.这是一所音乐专科学院。
• I visited Chinese Academy of Sciences yesterday.我昨天去访问了中国科学院。

3 pearl   

n.珍珠，珍珠母

参考例句：

• He bought his girlfriend a pearl necklace.他给他女朋友买了一条珍珠项链。
• The crane and the mother-of-pearl fight to death.鹬蚌相争。

4 harbor   

n.海港，港口；vt.庇护，藏匿；心怀(怨恨等)

参考例句：

• The harbor lies to the south of the city.港口在城市的南边。
• At that time,our ship was tied up at this harbor.当时我们的船停靠在这个港口。

5 allied   

adj.协约国的；同盟国的

参考例句：

• Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.历史上英国曾多次与美国结盟。
• Allied forces sustained heavy losses in the first few weeks of the campaign.同盟国在最初几周内遭受了巨大的损失。

6 demonstrated   

举行示威游行（或集会）( demonstrate的过去式和过去分词 )； 示范。展示； 显示； 论证

参考例句：

• All of those demonstrated the correctness of his analysis. 这一切都证明了他分析的正确性。
• The fireman demonstrated great courage in saving the child. 那位消防队员在抢救孩子的过程中，表现了极大的勇气。

7 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

8 integration   

n.一体化，联合，结合

参考例句：

• We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
• This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。