历届美国总统介绍:第6任总统 约翰昆西亚当斯

 　　John Quincy Adams was America's sixth President and the first who was the son of a President. In many respects, he paralleled the career as well as the temperament¹ and viewpoints of his illustrious father. Adams was born in Massachusetts in 1767. He spent much of his youth accompanying his father overseas and became fluent in French and Dutch. After graduating from Harvard College, he became a lawyer.

　　约翰·昆西·亚当斯是美国第六任总统，是第一位继其父亲之后成为总统的总统。在许多方面，如：事业、性格，及观点上，亚当斯都能够和他那杰出的父亲相匹敌。亚当斯于1767年出生在马萨诸塞州。幼年时，他常常和父亲一起到海外，从而逐渐精通法语和荷兰语。亚当斯曾就读哈佛大学，毕业后，担任律师职位。

　　His political career began at the age of 26 when he was appointed Minister to the Netherlands. In 1802 he was elected to the United States Senate. Six years later President Madison appointed him Minister to Russia. As secretary to his father in Europe, he became an accomplished² diarist. The fifty volumes he wrote documenting nineteenth-century American politics are often used by historians today.

　　他的政治生涯开始于26岁，那时他被任命为驻荷兰公使。1802年，他被选为美国参议院议员。六年后，麦迪逊总统任命他为驻俄公使。在欧洲时，亚当斯担任父亲手下的秘书，并因此成了位颇有成就的记日记者。亚当斯写的50卷19世纪美国政治往往为当今历史学家所借鉴。

　　约翰·昆西·亚当斯.jpgIn the political tradition of the early 19th century, Adams, as Secretary of State, was considered the heir to the Presidency³. However, the old ways of choosing a President were giving way to electing someone popular. Nevertheless, Adams narrowly beat Andrew Jackson to become America's sixth President in 1825. Many of his proposals to modernize⁴ America were rejected in Congress by his enemies.

　　按照19世纪早期美国的政治惯例，身为美国国务卿的亚当斯自然而然被认为是美国总统的继承人。然而，美国传统的总统选举方式并未奏效，选举结果是另一位有名人物——安德鲁·杰克逊。虽然如此，亚当斯还是以微弱优势击败安德鲁·杰克逊，成为1825年美国第六任总统。他的许多关于促进美国现代化的提议遭到美国国会反对人士的拒绝。

　　After leaving office as President in 1829, Adams was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives – the only president ever to do this. He continued to shape America's foreign policy. Historians say he is one of America's greatest ever diplomats⁵. He also devoted⁶ himself to attacking the power slave owners had in Congress. On February 21, 1848 Adams collapsed⁷ in the House and died two days later.

　　1829年，亚当斯卸任美国总统，被选为美国众议院议员——他是唯一一位当选美国众议员的卸任总统。此后，他继续影响美国的外交政策。历史学家称亚当斯为美国有史以来最伟大的外交官之一。同时，他还致力于抨击奴隶主在国会的权力。1848年2月21日，亚当斯因颅内出血，倒在美国众议院，并于两天后辞世。

1 temperament   

n.气质，性格，性情

参考例句：

• The analysis of what kind of temperament you possess is vital.分析一下你有什么样的气质是十分重要的。
• Success often depends on temperament.成功常常取决于一个人的性格。

2 accomplished   

adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的

参考例句：

• Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.亏得你们帮忙,我们才提前完成了任务。
• Removal of excess heat is accomplished by means of a radiator.通过散热器完成多余热量的排出。

3 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

4 modernize   

vt.使现代化，使适应现代的需要

参考例句：

• It was their manifest failure to modernize the country's industries.他们使国家进行工业现代化，明显失败了。
• There is a pressing need to modernise our electoral system.我们的选举制度迫切需要现代化。

5 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 devoted   

adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的

参考例句：

• He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。

7 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。