美国学生世界地理教材 第106期:西班牙城堡续(2)

 Spanish houses have no front yard nor back yard nor side yard, but an inside yard with the rooms all around it. 西班牙的房屋没有前院、没有后院，也没有侧院，但有个四周都是房间的内院。 

This inside yard is called a patio¹ and it is often a living-room and dining-room for all who live in the house. 这个内院叫做“天井”，通常作为住房的客厅和餐厅。

As you ride through Spain on a train you can see from the car window a very peculiar² looking tree—different from any tree that grows in our country.  当你乘火车在西班牙旅行时，你可能会看到车窗外有一种样子很奇特的树——和美国的任何一种树都不一样。

This is the cork³-tree. The little and big corks⁴ we use for bottle stoppers don’t grow on trees as cherries or peaches do.  这种树叫做栓皮槠。我们用作瓶塞的大大小小的软木塞子并不是像樱桃或桃子那样长在树上的，

They are made from the bark of a kind of oak.  而是用栓皮槠这种橡树的树皮做的。

The bark is cut off from the tree in large pieces and cut up into big and little corks.  大块的树皮从树上割下来切成大大小小的软木塞。

The tree then grows another coat of bark, but it takes nine years to grow a thick enough bark to be cut again.  剥过皮的树然后会长出新一层树皮，但是新一层树皮要长9年，才能达到足够的厚度，被再次剥下来。

So every cork you use is nearly as old as you are, or older. 所以你用的每一个软木塞的年龄和你差不多大，有的也许比你还大。

Cork-trees live to a great age, much longer than people do.  栓皮槠树龄很长，比人的寿命要长得多。

But another tree you see in Spain grows to be still older.  但在西班牙你还能看到一种树，树龄更长。

It is the olive-tree, which bears a fruit that looks something like green cherries.  那就是橄榄树，它的果实看起来有点像绿色的樱桃。

It is said that olive-trees have been known to live and bear fruit for a thousand years!  据说有人见过树龄达一千年的橄榄树，而且还能结果实！

Olives have been used as food since Bible times and long before that, and yet many people have to learn to like them.  早在《圣经》时代以前橄榄就被用作食物了，但很多人必须经过一段时间才能习惯它的味道。

Olives are also pressed to make olive oil, which we use in salad dressing⁵, for no other kind of oil is quite as good for food.  橄榄还可以经过压榨做成橄榄油，就是我们在沙拉调料中用的橄榄油，因为那是最佳的食用油。

In Spain they often use it instead of butter, and it is also made into a very pure soap called Castile soap, which you may have used. 西班牙人常用橄榄油不用黄油，橄榄油还能用来生产一种非常纯正的肥皂，叫做“卡斯蒂利亚肥皂”，你也许就用过。

1 patio   

n.庭院，平台

参考例句：

• Suddenly, the thought of my beautiful patio came to mind. I can be quiet out there,I thought.我又忽然想到家里漂亮的院子，我能够在这里宁静地呆会。
• They had a barbecue on their patio on Sunday.星期天他们在院子里进行烧烤。

2 peculiar   

adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的

参考例句：

• He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
• He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。

3 cork   

n.软木，软木塞

参考例句：

• We heard the pop of a cork.我们听见瓶塞砰的一声打开。
• Cork is a very buoyant material.软木是极易浮起的材料。

4 corks   

n.脐梅衣；软木( cork的名词复数 )；软木塞

参考例句：

• Champagne corks were popping throughout the celebrations. 庆祝会上开香槟酒瓶塞的砰砰声不绝於耳。 来自辞典例句
• Champagne corks popped, and on lace tablecloths seven-course dinners were laid. 桌上铺着带装饰图案的网织的桌布，上面是七道菜的晚餐。 来自飘（部分）

5 dressing   

n.(食物)调料；包扎伤口的用品，敷料

参考例句：

• Don't spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself.别花那么多时间来打扮自己。
• The children enjoy dressing up in mother's old clothes.孩子们喜欢穿上妈妈旧时的衣服玩。