走进哈佛大学 第8期:唐纳喷泉

 　　Once upon a time, if you planned on splashing water around in a decorative¹ manner, you were expected to provide a basin in which the water could be collected afterward². In a long history reaching back to the Rome Empire, fountains had always had basins. The Tanner Fountain at Harvard, however, broke the rule. It was created without a basin in 1985，and therefore was an innovation and transformed fountain design. In 2008，the Tanner Fountain was honored with the Landmark³ Award by the American Society of Landscape Architects (ALSA) and the National Trust for Historic Preservation⁴.

　　如果你打算让喷泉四处喷水并起到装饰作用，估计就要准备一个水池来收集水。 从罗马帝国开始，喷泉一直都有水池。然而哈佛的唐纳喷泉却打破了这个规则。唐纳 喷泉建立于1985年，没有水池，因此很有创意，并改变了整个喷泉设计。2008年唐 纳喷泉荣获由美国景观设计师协会（ALSA)和国家文物保护信托基金会颁布的地标奖。

　　Designed by Peter Walker who is a Minimalist, the tanner fountain is a classic example of “less is more”. It is made up of 159 granit boulders⁵ cleared from regional farms at the turn of the century and thus recalling the arduous⁶ process by which the first settlers to New England cleared the fields. The boulders are arranged in a circle around a cloud of mist that changes with the light and seasons. In the spring, summer, and fall the water emit a mist that hovers⁷ like a cloud above the stones. At the center of the circle, where the stones appear to be most dense⁸, the water mist produces a scrim that visually dematerialized the stones. The mist is refracted by daylight to produce rainbows. At night lights charge the mist with mysterious glow. In the winter, when mist would freeze, the stones are shrouded⁹ with steam from the university heating plant. When quiescent¹⁰, the fountain becomes the underpinning¹¹ for the elegant displays of snow that Cambridge so unfailingly provides.

　　唐纳喷泉的设计者皮特?沃克是个极简主义者,该喷泉是“少即是多”的经典例子。喷泉由159块花岗岩组成，这些花岗岩都 是世纪初从当地农场回收过来的，由此可 以回想起第一批到达新英格兰的殖民者开 垦荒地的艰难过程。这些岩石围成一个圆 形，中间是一团雾气，随灯光和季节的变 化而变化。春夏秋三季，水散发出的薄雾 像一层云笼罩着石头。圆圈中心的石头看 起来最密实，水雾形成一层薄纱幕，挡住 了石头。水雾被日光折射，形成了彩虹。 夜晚，水雾在灯的映射下发出神秘而幽暗的光。冬季，水雾凝结了，这些石头就被学 校的供暖系统所散发的蒸汽覆盖。当喷泉不喷水时，就变成了白雪展现其优雅姿态的 地方，而坎布里奇的降雪量是很大的。

　　Located at one of the busiest crossroads of the university, the fountain was designed to be inhabited and contributes significantly to the public realm of the community in which it is located. Children play. Students read, flirt¹², converse¹³, meditate¹⁴, brood. As a result, the Tanner Fountain is heavily used in all seasons. Spring rain, summer grass, autumn leaves, winter winds: All are emphasized by and in turn emphasize the fountain, which takes on the feeling of a natural object, one that points to the truth that humans too are part of nature.

　　喷泉位于学校最繁忙的十字路口之一，旨在为人提供休息场所，并对它所在社区 做了重要贡献。孩子们在这里嬉戏，学生或读书，或调情，或交谈，或深思和沉思。 于是，唐纳喷泉在每个季节都有很多人来。春雨、夏草、秋叶、冬雪：所有的一切都 因喷泉而更加突出，所有的一切都让喷泉更加突出，体现出自然景物的感觉，让人感 觉到人类也是自然的一部分这一真理。

　　Historically, the Tanner Fountain was the first institutional project of the “Landscape as Art” movement. It continues to prove that landscape architecture is an art and the landscape architect an artist.

　　从历史角度讲，唐纳喷泉是“山水艺术”运动的第一个校园项目。现在它仍在向 人们证明景观建筑是一门艺术，而景观建筑师就是艺术家。

 

1 decorative   

adj.装饰的，可作装饰的

参考例句：

• This ware is suitable for decorative purpose but unsuitable for utility.这种器皿中看不中用。
• The style is ornate and highly decorative.这种风格很华丽，而且装饰效果很好。

2 afterward   

adv.后来；以后

参考例句：

• Let's go to the theatre first and eat afterward. 让我们先去看戏，然后吃饭。
• Afterward,the boy became a very famous artist.后来，这男孩成为一个很有名的艺术家。

3 landmark   

n.陆标，划时代的事，地界标

参考例句：

• The Russian Revolution represents a landmark in world history.俄国革命是世界历史上的一个里程碑。
• The tower was once a landmark for ships.这座塔曾是船只的陆标。

4 preservation   

n.保护，维护，保存，保留，保持

参考例句：

• The police are responsible for the preservation of law and order.警察负责维持法律与秩序。
• The picture is in an excellent state of preservation.这幅画保存得极为完好。

5 boulders   

n.卵石( boulder的名词复数 )；巨砾；（受水或天气侵蚀而成的）巨石；漂砾

参考例句：

• Seals basked on boulders in a flat calm. 海面风平浪静，海豹在巨石上晒太阳。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The river takes a headlong plunge into a maelstrom of rocks and boulders. 河水急流而下，入一个漂砾的漩涡中。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 arduous   

adj.艰苦的，费力的，陡峭的

参考例句：

• We must have patience in doing arduous work.我们做艰苦的工作要有耐性。
• The task was more arduous than he had calculated.这项任务比他所估计的要艰巨得多。

7 hovers   

鸟( hover的第三人称单数 )； 靠近（某事物）； （人）徘徊； 犹豫

参考例句：

• A hawk hovers in the sky. 一只老鹰在天空盘旋。
• A hen hovers her chicks. 一只母鸡在孵小鸡。

8 dense   

a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的

参考例句：

• The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。
• The path was completely covered by the dense foliage. 小路被树叶厚厚地盖了一层。

9 shrouded   

v.隐瞒( shroud的过去式和过去分词 )；保密

参考例句：

• The hills were shrouded in mist . 这些小山被笼罩在薄雾之中。
• The towers were shrouded in mist. 城楼被蒙上薄雾。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 quiescent   

adj.静止的，不活动的，寂静的

参考例句：

• It is unlikely that such an extremist organization will remain quiescent for long.这种过激的组织是不太可能长期沉默的。
• Great distance in either time or space has wonderful power to lull and render quiescent the human mind.时间和空间上的远距离有一种奇妙的力量，可以使人的心灵平静。

11 underpinning   

n.基础材料；基础结构；（学说、理论等的）基础；（人的）腿v.用砖石结构等从下面支撑（墙等）( underpin的现在分词 )；加固（墙等）的基础；为（论据、主张等）打下基础；加强

参考例句：

• Underpinning this success has been an exemplary record of innovation. 具有典范性的创新确保了这次成功。 来自辞典例句
• But underpinning Mr Armstrong's technology changes is a human touch. 但阿姆斯特朗技术变革的支柱是人情味。 来自互联网

12 flirt   

v.调情，挑逗，调戏；n.调情者，卖俏者

参考例句：

• He used to flirt with every girl he met.过去他总是看到一个姑娘便跟她调情。
• He watched the stranger flirt with his girlfriend and got fighting mad.看着那个陌生人和他女朋友调情，他都要抓狂了。

13 converse   

vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反

参考例句：

• He can converse in three languages.他可以用3种语言谈话。
• I wanted to appear friendly and approachable but I think I gave the converse impression.我想显得友好、平易近人些,却发觉给人的印象恰恰相反。

14 meditate   

v.想，考虑，（尤指宗教上的）沉思，冥想

参考例句：

• It is important to meditate on the meaning of life.思考人生的意义很重要。
• I was meditating,and reached a higher state of consciousness.我在冥想，并进入了一个更高的意识境界。