尼克.李森 03

[00:21.39]Nick Leeson  尼克.李森
[00:41.24]recoup  补偿
[00:45.62]average  平均指数
[00:50.41]materialize  实现
[00:55.52]gravity  重力
[01:01.28]Leeson attempted to recoup his losses
[01:04.05]by making a series of increasingly risky¹ new investments,
[01:09.88]this time betting that the Nikkei Stock Average
[01:13.28]would make a rapid recovery.
[01:16.38]But the recovery failed to materialize,
[01:19.93]and he succeeded only in digging a deeper hole.
[01:24.96]Realizing the gravity of the situation,
[01:27.97]Leeson left a note reading "I'm Sorry" and fled.
[01:34.11]Losses eventually reached ?827 million
[01:39.97]($1.4 billion at then-prevailing exchange rates),
[01:45.06]twice the bank's available trading capital.
[01:48.51]This led to the bank's collapse².
[02:01.02]讲解
[02:49.07]Leeson attempted to recoup his losses
[02:51.93]by making a series of increasingly risky new investments,
[03:03.96]this time betting that the Nikkei Stock Average
[03:07.40]would make a rapid recovery.
[03:16.25]But the recovery failed to materialize,
[03:24.34]and he succeeded only in digging a deeper hole.
[03:34.79]Realizing the gravity of the situation,
[03:37.86]Leeson left a note reading "I'm Sorry" and fled.
[03:52.18]Losses eventually reached ?827 million
[04:04.01]($1.4 billion at then-prevailing exchange rates),
[04:13.86]twice the bank's available trading capital.
[04:21.46]This led to the bank's collapse.
[04:28.87]语言点
[04:30.70]recoup  补偿
[04:33.57]I shall recoup your losses.
[04:41.52]I shall recoup my traveling expenses from my employers.
[04:50.20]average  平均数，平均水平
[04:53.86]stock average  股指
[05:00.15]materialize  实现
[05:03.27]come into being
[05:08.09]materialize
[05:12.94]gravity  地心引力
[05:16.24]the gravity of the situation
[05:51.58]authorization³  授权
[05:56.55]charge  指控
[06:00.61]deceive  欺诈
[06:05.14]scale  规模
[06:09.26]blame  责备
[06:13.39]deficient⁴  有缺陷的
[06:18.21]After fleeing to Malaysia, Brunei and finally Germany,
[06:23.10]Leeson was arrested and extradited
[06:25.96]back to Singapore on March 2, 1995.
[06:31.13]While he had authorization for the January 16 short straddle,
[06:36.36]he was charged with fraud for deceiving his superiors
[06:40.42]about the riskiness⁵ of his activities
[06:43.44]and the scale of his losses,
[06:46.44]although some observers (and Leeson himself)
[06:49.80]have placed much of the blame
[06:52.03]on the bank's own deficient internal auditing
[06:56.00]and risk management practices.
[07:00.12]讲解
[07:43.07]After fleeing to Malaysia, Brunei and finally Germany,
[07:48.19]Leeson was arrested and extradited
[07:50.79]back to Singapore on March 2, 1995.
[08:06.15]While he had authorization for the January 16 short straddle,
[08:11.55]he was charged with fraud for deceiving his superiors
[08:15.51]about the riskiness of his activities
[08:18.84]and the scale of his losses,
[08:37.26]although some observers (and Leeson himself)
[08:40.53]have placed much of the blame
[08:42.64]on the bank's own deficient internal auditing
[08:46.71]and risk management practices.
[09:09.25]语言点
[09:11.59]authorization  授权，认可
[09:15.80]销售许可  sales authorization
[09:21.15]Do you have authorization for his expenditure⁶?
[09:28.28]charge  指控，控诉
[09:31.23]be charged with
[09:35.95]He was charged with stealing.
[09:42.08]deceive = cheap
[09:45.69]I deceived him and he found it out.
[09:52.63]deceive sb. into doing sth.
[10:00.00]He deceived me into giving all my money to him.
[10:08.15]scale  规模，大小
[10:12.44]Can you imagine the scale of the universe?
[10:22.14]on a big scale
[10:25.43]on a small scale
[10:28.22]They are preparing for war on a large scale.
[10:36.13]place blame on  归咎于
[10:39.90]They have placed blame on me.
[10:45.23]blame  责难，责备
[10:50.20]blame sth on sb.
[10:55.05]They blamed the failure of the plan on our partner.
[11:04.59]deficient  不足的
[11:07.10]not enough
[11:11.09]deficient in
[11:13.68]The new-comers are always deficient in experience.
[11:28.84]Leeson attempted to recoup his losses
[11:31.71]by making a series of increasingly risky new investments,
[11:37.64]this time betting that the Nikkei Stock Average
[11:40.83]would make a rapid recovery.
[11:43.58]But the recovery failed to materialize,
[11:47.50]and he succeeded only in digging a deeper hole.
[11:52.24]Realizing the gravity of the situation,
[11:55.61]Leeson left a note reading "I'm Sorry" and fled.
[12:01.78]Losses eventually reached ?827 million
[12:06.89]($1.4 billion at then-prevailing exchange rates),
[12:12.30]twice the bank's available trading capital.
[12:15.96]This led to the bank's collapse.
[12:18.98]After fleeing to Malaysia, Brunei and finally Germany,
[12:24.41]Leeson was arrested and extradited
[12:27.00]back to Singapore on March 2, 1995.
[12:32.22]While he had authorization for the January 16 short straddle,
[12:37.55]he was charged with fraud for deceiving his superiors
[12:41.64]about the riskiness of his activities
[12:44.94]and the scale of his losses,
[12:47.55]although some observers (and Leeson himself)
[12:51.00]have placed much of the blame
[12:53.32]on the bank's own deficient internal auditing
[12:57.25]and risk management practices.
[13:12.40]谢谢收听

1 risky   

adj.有风险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.这可能有危险，但我们无论如何要冒一冒险。
• He is well aware how risky this investment is.他心里对这项投资的风险十分清楚。

2 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

3 authorization   

n.授权，委任状

参考例句：

• Anglers are required to obtain prior authorization from the park keeper.垂钓者必须事先得到公园管理者的许可。
• You cannot take a day off without authorization.未经批准你不得休假。

4 deficient   

adj.不足的，不充份的，有缺陷的

参考例句：

• The crops are suffering from deficient rain.庄稼因雨量不足而遭受损害。
• I always have been deficient in selfconfidence and decision.我向来缺乏自信和果断。

5 riskiness   

n.风险性

参考例句：

• As they do, the riskiness of the system steadily increases. 因此他们乐于更多地借贷。
• Small town banks have to assess the relative riskiness of threir loans. 小城市的银行必须预估他们贷款相当的冒险。

6 expenditure   

n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出；使用，消耗

参考例句：

• The entry of all expenditure is necessary.有必要把一切开支入账。
• The monthly expenditure of our family is four hundred dollars altogether.我们一家的开销每月共计四百元。